在Oracle21c之後，一些目錄發生了變化，如監聽配置檔案、dbs目錄。 示例如下：

Oracle21c安裝之後，目錄如下
```shell
#$ORACLE_BASE目錄下
admin  audit  cfgtoollogs  dbs  diag  homes  oradata  product
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle
# 19c $ORACLE_BASE目錄下。ASM
[oracle@rac19c oracle]$ ls
admin  audit  cfgtoollogs  checkpoints  diag  product

#檢查Oracle21c目錄
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ orabasehome 
/u01/app/oracle/homes/OraDB21Home1
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ orabaseconfig 
/u01/app/oracle
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ 
#檢查19c目錄
[oracle@rac19c ~]$ orabasehome 
/u02/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
[oracle@rac19c ~]$ orabaseconfig 
/u02/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
[oracle@rac19c ~]$ orabase
/u02/app/oracle
[oracle@rac19c ~]$

#檢查21c監聽狀態及檔案位置,如下所示，已經在/homes/OraDB21Home1/network/admin/listener.ora目錄下，配置tnsnames也需要在該目錄下
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ lsnrctl stat

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 21.0.0.0.0 - Production on 20-AUG-2021 13:52:09

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oracle21)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                20-AUG-2021 13:33:24
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 18 min. 45 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/homes/OraDB21Home1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle21/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle21)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "c8209f27c6b16005e053362ee80ae60e" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mydb21", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "c9e6ddb27463ad21e0531550a8c0a46d" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mydb21", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "mydb21" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mydb21", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "mydb21XDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mydb21", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "mypdb21" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mydb21", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ 
```

檢查資料庫中一些資訊
``` sql
--檢查spfile檔案,已不在原來的ORACLE_HOME目錄下
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile				     string	 /u01/app/oracle/dbs/spfilemydb21.ora
SQL> 
```

雖然Oracle21c中想變化為只讀目錄，但目前檢視目錄許可權，仍然可寫。 許可權如下：
``` shell
SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 21.3.0.0.0
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ ls -lrt
total 32
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 19 16:18 product
drwxrwxr-x. 23 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 19 16:35 diag
drwxr-x---.  3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 19 16:35 homes
drwxr-x---.  5 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 19 16:42 cfgtoollogs
drwxr-x---.  3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 19 16:53 admin
drwxr-x---.  3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 19 16:53 oradata
drwxr-x---.  3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 19 16:55 audit
drwxr-x---.  2 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 20 13:53 dbs
[oracle@oracle21 oracle]$ 
```

目前Oracle21c已經將一些目錄分離出來，許可權管理可以越來越細化，更好保障資料庫的安全，後續繼續測試。

目錄變更可參考：
- http://blog.itpub.net/29487349/viewspace-2787818/
- https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/ladbi/index.html

【ORACLE21C】Oracle21c產品目錄的變化

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