湊個熱鬧-LayoutInflater相關分析

奇舞移動發表於2019-02-26

前言

最近給組內同學做了一次“動態換膚和換文案”的主題分享,其中的核心就是LayoutInflater類,所以把LayoutInflater原始碼梳理了一遍。巧了,這周掘金新榜和部分公眾號都發布了LayoutInflater或者換膚主題之類的文章。那隻好站在各位大佬的肩膀上,也來湊個熱鬧,分析一下LayoutInflater類。(前方長文預警,會有很多原始碼分析,原始碼基於Android 9.0)

LayoutInflater簡介

官方文件 developer.android.com/reference/a…

我們在載入佈局的時候都會主動或者被動的用到 LayoutInflater ,比如 Activity 的setContentView方法和Fragment的onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState)回撥等。LayoutInflater 的作用就是把佈局檔案xml例項化為相應的View元件。我們可以通過三種方法獲取 LayoutInflater:

  1. Activity.getLayoutInflater()
  2. LayoutInflater.from(context)
  3. context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE)

每個方法都和 Context 相關聯,其中方法1和方法2最終都會通過方法3來實現。
獲取到 LayoutInflater 後,通過呼叫inflate方法來例項化佈局。而inflate方法由很多過載,我們常用的是inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot),所有 inflate 方法最終會呼叫到 inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)。下面就從這個方法入手,開始分析 LayoutInflater 的原始碼。

原始碼分析

inflate方法

先看一下inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)的三個引數:

  1. XmlPullParser parser:很顯然是一個 XML 解析器,這個解析器就是 LayoutInflater 所要載入的 XML 佈局轉化來的,通過 PULL 方式解析。
  2. ViewGroup root:裝載要載入的 XML 佈局的根容器,比如,在 Activity 的setContentView方法中就是 id 為android.R.id.content的 FrameLayout 根佈局了。
  3. boolean attachToRoot:是否將所解析的佈局新增到根容器中,同時也影響了所解析佈局的寬高。

被廣泛討論的是rootattachToRoot的不同傳參對被載入的佈局檔案的影響,下面看程式碼。

public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
            final Context inflaterContext = mContext;
            // 將parser轉成AttributeSet介面,用來讀取xml中設定的View屬性
            final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
            Context lastContext = (Context) mConstructorArgs[0];
            mConstructorArgs[0] = inflaterContext;
            View result = root; // 此方法返回的View,預設是root
            try {
                // Look for the root node.
                int type;
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    // Empty
                }
                ...
                final String name = parser.getName(); // 獲取當前的標籤名
                ...
                if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) { // 處理<merge>標籤
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
                                + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                    }
                    // 遞迴處理
                    rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);
                } else {
                    // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                    // 建立View物件
                    final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
                    if (root != null) {
                        ...
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs); // 獲取根View的寬高
                        if (!attachToRoot) { // 如果attachToRoot為false,則給根View設定寬高
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }
                    ...
                    // Inflate all children under temp against its context.
                    rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true); // 遞迴處理
                    ...
                    // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        // 如果root不空,且attachToRoot為true,則將根View新增到容器中
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }
                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        // 如果root空或者attachToRoot為false,則將返回結果設定為根View
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                ...
            } catch (Exception e) {
                ...
            } finally {
                // Don`t retain static reference on context.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
                Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
            }
            // 要麼是root,要麼是建立的根View
            return result;
        }
    }
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從程式碼中可以看出rootattachToRoot不同傳參的影響:

  1. 如果root不為null,attachToRoot設為true,則會將載入的佈局新增到一個父佈局中,即root,並且返回root;
  2. 如果root不為null,attachToRoot設為false,則會對佈局檔案最外層的所有layout屬性進行設定,並且返回該佈局的根View,當該view被新增到父view當中時,這些layout屬性會自動生效;
  3. 如果root為null,attachToRoot將失去作用,設定任何值都沒有意義,返回的也是要載入的佈局的根View;

rInflate方法

從上面的方法中可以看到處理<merge>標籤時會呼叫rInflate,處理子View時會呼叫rInflateChildren方法。其實rInflateChildren中呼叫的是rInflate,而rInflate也呼叫了rInflateChildren,從而形成了遞迴呼叫,也就是遞迴處理子View。

void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, Context context,
            AttributeSet attrs, boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
        final int depth = parser.getDepth();
        int type;
        boolean pendingRequestFocus = false;
        while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
                parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
            if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                continue;
            }
            final String name = parser.getName();
            if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {
                // 處理<requestFocus>標籤
                pendingRequestFocus = true;
                consumeChildElements(parser);
            } else if (TAG_TAG.equals(name)) {
                // 處理<tag>標籤
                parseViewTag(parser, parent, attrs);
            } else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {
                // 處理<include>標籤
                if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
                    throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
                }
                parseInclude(parser, context, parent, attrs);
            } else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) { // <merge>標籤異常
                throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
            } else { // 建立View物件
                final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs);
                final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
                final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true); // 遞迴處理孩子節點
                viewGroup.addView(view, params); // 將View新增到父佈局中
            }
        }
        if (pendingRequestFocus) { // 父佈局處理焦點
            parent.restoreDefaultFocus();
        }
        if (finishInflate) { // 結束載入
            parent.onFinishInflate();
        }
    }
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該方法中會處理<requestFocus><tag><include><merge>和普通View標籤。其中:

  1. <requestFocus>是重新定位焦點的,呼叫的consumeChildElements方法其實沒幹什麼事,只是簡單的把該標籤消費結束掉。
  2. <tag>標籤一般很少用,它主要用來標記View,給View設定一個標籤值,例如:
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!" >

        <tag android:id="@+id/tag"
            android:value="hello" />

    </TextView>
    
    findViewById(R.id.tv).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // 試一下tag標籤
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, (String) v.getTag(R.id.tag), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
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在ListView的自定義Adapter中,應該都有用到過View的setTag方法,即:使用ViewHolder來重複利用View。
parseViewTag方法:

private void parseViewTag(XmlPullParser parser, View view, AttributeSet attrs)
            throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
        final Context context = view.getContext();
        final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.ViewTag);
        // 讀取tag的id
        final int key = ta.getResourceId(R.styleable.ViewTag_id, 0);
        // 讀取tag的值
        final CharSequence value = ta.getText(R.styleable.ViewTag_value);
        // 給View設定該tag
        view.setTag(key, value);
        ta.recycle();
        // 結束該標籤(子View無效)
        consumeChildElements(parser);
    }
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  1. <include>標籤不能是根標籤,parseInclude方法單獨分析。
  2. <merge>標籤只能是根標籤,這裡會拋異常。

parseInclude方法

private void parseInclude(XmlPullParser parser, Context context, View parent,
            AttributeSet attrs) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
        int type;
        if (parent instanceof ViewGroup) { // 必須在ViewGroup裡才有效
            // 處理theme屬性
            ...
            // If the layout is pointing to a theme attribute, we have to
            // massage the value to get a resource identifier out of it.
            // 拿到layout指定的佈局
            int layout = attrs.getAttributeResourceValue(null, ATTR_LAYOUT, 0);
            ...
            if (layout == 0) { // 必須是合法的id
                final String value = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, ATTR_LAYOUT);
                throw new InflateException("You must specify a valid layout "
                        + "reference. The layout ID " + value + " is not valid.");
            } else { // 類似於inflate的處理
                // 拿到layout的解析器
                final XmlResourceParser childParser = context.getResources().getLayout(layout);
                try {
                    final AttributeSet childAttrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(childParser);
                    while ((type = childParser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                            type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                        // Empty.
                    }
                    if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                        throw new InflateException(childParser.getPositionDescription() +
                                ": No start tag found!");
                    }
                    // layout的根標籤
                    final String childName = childParser.getName();
                    if (TAG_MERGE.equals(childName)) { // 處理<merge>
                        // The <merge> tag doesn`t support android:theme, so
                        // nothing special to do here.
                        rInflate(childParser, parent, context, childAttrs, false);
                    } else { // 處理View
                        final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, childName,
                                context, childAttrs, hasThemeOverride);
                        final ViewGroup group = (ViewGroup) parent;
                        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(
                                attrs, R.styleable.Include);
                        // 獲取<include>裡設定的id
                        final int id = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.Include_id, View.NO_ID);
                        // 獲取<include>裡設定的visibility
                        final int visibility = a.getInt(R.styleable.Include_visibility, -1);
                        a.recycle();
                        ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
                        try { // 獲取<include>裡設定的寬高
                            params = group.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                            // Ignore, just fail over to child attrs.
                        }
                        if (params == null) {
                            // 獲取layout裡設定的寬高
                            params = group.generateLayoutParams(childAttrs);
                        }
                        // <include>裡設定的寬高優先於layout裡設定的
                        view.setLayoutParams(params);
                        // Inflate all children.
                        rInflateChildren(childParser, view, childAttrs, true);
                        if (id != View.NO_ID) {
                            // include裡設定的id優先順序高
                            view.setId(id);
                        }
                        // include裡設定的visibility優先順序高
                        switch (visibility) {
                            case 0:
                                view.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                                break;
                            case 1:
                                view.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
                                break;
                            case 2:
                                view.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                                break;
                        }
                        group.addView(view);
                    }
                } finally {
                    childParser.close();
                }
            }
        } else {
            throw new InflateException("<include /> can only be used inside of a ViewGroup");
        }
        LayoutInflater.consumeChildElements(parser);
    }
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  1. include裡必須設定layout屬性,且layout的id必須合法;
  2. include裡設定的id優先順序高於layout裡設定的id,即:兩者同時設定時,後者會失效;
  3. include裡設定的width和height屬性優先順序高於layout裡設定的寬高;
  4. include裡設定的visibility屬性優先順序高於layout設定的visibility。

createViewFromTag方法

正常View標籤都是通過createViewFromTag來建立對應的View物件的。

View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
            boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {
        if (name.equals("view")) { 
            // 真正的View標籤名存在class屬性中
            name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
        }
        ...
        try {
            View view;
            if (mFactory2 != null) { // 先使用Factory2
                view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
            } else if (mFactory != null) { // 再使用Factory
                view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);
            } else {
                view = null;
            }
            if (view == null && mPrivateFactory != null) { 
                view = mPrivateFactory.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
            }
            if (view == null) {
                final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];
                mConstructorArgs[0] = context;
                try {
                    // 通過標籤名中是否包含`.`來區分是否為自定義View
                    if (-1 == name.indexOf(`.`)) {
                        // 處理系統View
                        view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
                    } else { // 自定義View用的是全限定類名
                        // 處理自定義View
                        view = createView(name, null, attrs);
                    }
                } finally {
                    mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                }
            }
            return view;
        } catch (InflateException e) {
            ...
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            ...
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ...
        }
    }
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  1. 優先通過Factory2和Factory來建立View,這兩個Factory等會再說;
  2. 通過標籤名中是否包含`.`來區分待建立的View是自定義View還是系統View;
  3. 系統View會在onCreateView方法中新增android.view.字首,然後交由createView處理。

createView方法

public final View createView(String name, String prefix, AttributeSet attrs)
            throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException {
        // 有快取
        Constructor<? extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name);
        if (constructor != null && !verifyClassLoader(constructor)) {
            constructor = null;
            sConstructorMap.remove(name);
        }
        Class<? extends View> clazz = null;
        try {
            if (constructor == null) { // 第一次則通過反射建立constructor
                // Class not found in the cache, see if it`s real, and try to add it
                clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
                        prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);
                if (mFilter != null && clazz != null) {
                    boolean allowed = mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
                    if (!allowed) {
                        failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                    }
                }
                // 使用的是包含Context, AttributeSet這兩個引數的建構函式
                constructor = clazz.getConstructor(mConstructorSignature);
                constructor.setAccessible(true);
                sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor); // 新增到快取中
            } else { // 命中快取
                // If we have a filter, apply it to cached constructor
                if (mFilter != null) { // 先過濾
                    // Have we seen this name before?
                    Boolean allowedState = mFilterMap.get(name);
                    if (allowedState == null) {
                        // New class -- remember whether it is allowed
                        clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
                                prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);
                        boolean allowed = clazz != null && mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
                        mFilterMap.put(name, allowed);
                        if (!allowed) {
                            failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                        }
                    } else if (allowedState.equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {
                        failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                    }
                }
            }
            Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];
            if (mConstructorArgs[0] == null) {
                // Fill in the context if not already within inflation.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
            }
            Object[] args = mConstructorArgs;
            args[1] = attrs;
            // 反射建立View例項物件
            final View view = constructor.newInstance(args);
            if (view instanceof ViewStub) {
                // 如果是ViewStub則懶載入
                // Use the same context when inflating ViewStub later.
                final ViewStub viewStub = (ViewStub) view;
                viewStub.setLayoutInflater(cloneInContext((Context) args[0]));
            }
            mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
            return view;
        } 
        ...
    }
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通過反射待建立View的建構函式(兩個引數:Context和AttributeSet的建構函式)來例項化View物件,如果是ViewStub物件還會進行懶載入。

LayoutInflater.Factory/Factory2

通過以上流程,使用LayoutInflater的infalte方法載入佈局檔案的整體流程就分析完了。但出現了Factory2Factory類,它們會優先建立View,我們來看看著兩個類到底是什麼!
它們都是LayoutInflater的內部類——兩個介面:

    public interface Factory {
        public View onCreateView(String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs);
    }

    public interface Factory2 extends Factory {
        public View onCreateView(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs);
    }
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Factory2繼承了Factory,增加了一個帶View parent引數的onCreateView過載方法。它們是在createViewFromTag中被呼叫的,預設為null,說明開發人員可以自定義這兩個Factory,則通過它們可以改造待載入XML佈局中的View標籤,來使用自定義規則建立View。
來看一下它們的設定方法:

    public void setFactory(Factory factory) {
        if (mFactorySet) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("A factory has already been set on this LayoutInflater");
        }
        // 和setFactory2類似
        ...
        }
    }

    public void setFactory2(Factory2 factory) {
        if (mFactorySet) { // 只能設定一次
            throw new IllegalStateException("A factory has already been set on this LayoutInflater");
        }
        if (factory == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Given factory can not be null");
        }
        mFactorySet = true;
        if (mFactory == null) {
            mFactory = mFactory2 = factory;
        } else { // 合併原有的Factory
            mFactory = mFactory2 = new FactoryMerger(factory, factory, mFactory, mFactory2);
        }
    }
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可以看到FactoryFactory2只能設定一次,否則會拋異常。
這兩個Factory的區別是什麼?

  1. Factory2 是API 11 被加進來的;
  2. Factory2 繼承自 Factory,也就說現在直接使用Factory2即可;
  3. Factory2 可以對建立 View 的 Parent 進行操作;

那如何應用呢?

Factory2/Factory的應用

AppCompatActivity中的應用

先看一張圖:

AppCompatActivity自動替換View

這個佈局中使用的是正常的標籤<TextView><Button>,但通過Layout Inspector工具分析頁面會發現它們被替換成了AppCompatTextViewAppCompatButton
跟蹤一下AppCompatActivityonCreate方法:

protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        AppCompatDelegate delegate = this.getDelegate();
        delegate.installViewFactory();
        delegate.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        ...
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }
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委託到了AppCompatDelegate類,並且呼叫了installViewFactory方法。找到這個類的一個實現AppCompatDelegateImpl(不同版本的原始碼這個實現類的名字不同):

class AppCompatDelegateImpl extends AppCompatDelegate implements Callback, Factory2
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看到關鍵的Factory2了,直接看installViewFactory方法:

	public void installViewFactory() {
        LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this.mContext);
        if (layoutInflater.getFactory() == null) { // 設定自身到LayoutInflater
            LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2(layoutInflater, this);
        } else if (!(layoutInflater.getFactory2() instanceof AppCompatDelegateImpl)) {
            Log.i("AppCompatDelegate", "The Activity`s LayoutInflater already has a Factory installed so we can not install AppCompat`s");
        }
    }
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通過LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2AppCompatDelegateImpl設定到LayoutInflater中。繼續跟蹤onCreateView的實現,會走到createView方法:

	public View createView(View parent, String name, @NonNull Context context, @NonNull AttributeSet attrs) {
        if (this.mAppCompatViewInflater == null) {
            TypedArray a = this.mContext.obtainStyledAttributes(styleable.AppCompatTheme);
            String viewInflaterClassName = a.getString(styleable.AppCompatTheme_viewInflaterClass);
            if (viewInflaterClassName != null && !AppCompatViewInflater.class.getName().equals(viewInflaterClassName)) {
                try {
                    Class viewInflaterClass = Class.forName(viewInflaterClassName);
                    this.mAppCompatViewInflater = (AppCompatViewInflater)viewInflaterClass.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
                } catch (Throwable var8) {
                    Log.i("AppCompatDelegate", "Failed to instantiate custom view inflater " + viewInflaterClassName + ". Falling back to default.", var8);
                    this.mAppCompatViewInflater = new AppCompatViewInflater();
                }
            } else {
                this.mAppCompatViewInflater = new AppCompatViewInflater();
            }
        }
        ...
        return this.mAppCompatViewInflater.createView(parent, name, context, attrs, inheritContext, IS_PRE_LOLLIPOP, true, VectorEnabledTintResources.shouldBeUsed());
    }
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會建立一個AppCompatViewInflater類,並且呼叫了它的createView方法,看樣子找到源頭了。
來到AppCompatViewInflater類:

	public class AppCompatViewInflater {
    ...
    final View createView(View parent, String name, @NonNull Context context, @NonNull AttributeSet attrs, boolean inheritContext, boolean readAndroidTheme, boolean readAppTheme, boolean wrapContext) {
        Context originalContext = context;
        ...
        View view = null;
        byte var12 = -1;
        switch(name.hashCode()) {
        ...
        case -938935918:
            if (name.equals("TextView")) {
                var12 = 0;
            }
            break;
        ...
        }
        switch(var12) {
        case 0:
            view = this.createTextView(context, attrs);
            this.verifyNotNull((View)view, name);
            break;
        ...
        default:
            view = this.createView(context, name, attrs);
        }
        ...
        return (View)view;
    }

    @NonNull
    protected AppCompatTextView createTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        return new AppCompatTextView(context, attrs);
    }
    ...
}
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通過name引數拿到TextView標籤後,直接替換成了AppCompatTextView。
通過這波操作,將一些 widget 自動變成相容widget (例如將 TextView 變成 AppCompatTextView)以便於向下相容新版本中的特性。
那我們也可以仿照AppCompatActivity來自定義Factory實現自己需要的替換效果。

自定義Factory2

大多換膚功能的實現就是通過實現自定義Factory,攔截特定View,然後修改這些View的屬性值,或者直接返回自定義的View。舉個例子:

  1. 替換TextView的文字顏色;
  2. 在不建立selector檔案前提下實現圓角按鈕;

先看XML:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/container"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:ignore="MissingPrefix">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:paddingTop="10dp"
        android:paddingBottom="10dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:textColor="@color/third_tv_text_color"
        android:text="測試設定的Factory"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:padding="20dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:background="#ffbccc"
        android:text="蘋果獼猴桃牛油果榴蓮"
        android:textSize="15sp"
        app:cornerRadius="5dp"
        app:strokeWidth="1dp"
        app:strokeColor="#ccffcc"/>

</LinearLayout>
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注意:這裡用的是系統View的標籤,但屬性裡用到了自定義屬性。

<resources>

    <declare-styleable name="MyTextView">
        <attr name="android:textColor"/>
    </declare-styleable>

    <declare-styleable name="RoundButton">
        <attr name="cornerRadius" format="dimension" />
        <attr name="strokeWidth" format="dimension" />
        <attr name="strokeColor" format="color" />
    </declare-styleable>
    
</resources>
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注意:如果想直接替換Android自帶屬性,需要在自定義屬性里加上android:字首。

public class MyFactory implements LayoutInflater.Factory2 {
    public LayoutInflater.Factory mOriginalFactory;
    // 這個模擬新資源
    private Map<String, String> mColorMap;

    public MyFactory(LayoutInflater.Factory factory) {
        this.mOriginalFactory = factory;
        mColorMap = new HashMap<>();
        // 模擬新的皮膚資源——新文字顏色
        mColorMap.put("third_tv_text_color", "#0000ff");
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        return onCreateView(name, context, attrs);
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        View view = null;
        if (mOriginalFactory != null) {
            view = mOriginalFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);
        }
        if ("TextView".equals(name)) {
            TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyTextView);
            // 注意這裡的屬性名:android:textColor,不用自定義名稱空間
            int resourceId = ta.getResourceId(R.styleable.MyTextView_android_textColor, -1);
            String resourceName = context.getResources().getResourceName(resourceId);
            resourceName = resourceName.substring(resourceName.lastIndexOf(`/`) + 1);
            view = new TextView(context, attrs); // 可以直接修改原TextView的屬性
            ta.recycle();
            
            // 這裡模擬替換原TextView的textColor屬性值
            String color = mColorMap.get(resourceName);
            ((TextView) view).setTextColor(Color.parseColor(color));
        }
        if ("Button".equals(name)) {
            view = new Button(context, attrs);
            // 讀取自定義的屬性值
            TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.RoundButton);
            float radius = ta.getDimension(R.styleable.RoundButton_cornerRadius, 0);
            float strokeWidth = ta.getDimension(R.styleable.RoundButton_strokeWidth, 0);
            int strokeColor = ta.getColor(R.styleable.RoundButton_strokeColor, -1);
            // 構造圓角按鈕
            GradientDrawable drawable = new GradientDrawable();
            drawable.setCornerRadius(DensityUtil.dip2px(context, radius));
            drawable.setStroke(DensityUtil.dip2px(context, strokeWidth), strokeColor);
            view.setBackground(drawable);
            ta.recycle();
        }
        return view;
    }
}
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注意:新資源可以通過其他方式儲存和獲取,從而實現動態熱換膚;如果使用的是AppCompatActivity,自定義Factory必須在呼叫super.onCreate之前設定,因為它已經有了一個Factory;如果使用的是Activity,則必須在呼叫setContentView方法之前設定。
效果:

自定義Factory效果圖

可以看到TextView文字的顏色變成了藍色;在不提供自定義drawable的xml檔案以及不使用自定義View標籤的前提下,實現了圓角按鈕。
本文的相關示例程式碼都在:zjxstar的GitHub上,感興趣的同學可以看下。

總結

LayoutInflater的相關分析就這麼多,文章有點長,慢慢看吧!

  1. LayoutInflater的inflate的過程的核心方法是:createViewFromTag 和 createView 方法;
  2. LayoutInflater通過PULL解析器來解析XML佈局檔案,通過反射來建立View物件;
  3. LayoutInflater.Factory只能設定一次,可以用來替換View;

參考資料

  1. 換膚、全域性字型替換、無需編寫shape、selector 的原理Factory小結mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1ua0geFnr…
  2. Android系統原始碼分析–View繪製流程之-inflatejuejin.im/post/5bfa7f…
  3. Android LayoutInflater Factory 原始碼解析www.jianshu.com/p/9c16bbaee…
  4. Android LayoutInflater 原始碼解析www.jianshu.com/p/f0f3de2f6…

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