企業架構 - 企業架構成熟度模型(EAMM)

weixin_34377065發表於2010-01-26

  我認為任何工作都可以找到一種方法,而每種方法在實踐時由於對方法掌握的熟練度總是會存在一個成熟度模型。通過成熟度模型,可以很好的發現我們現在的位置,以及發展的方向,也就是明確了在使用方法時的as-is和to-be。

  企業架構有什麼成熟度模型呢?在《NASCIO-EAMM》文件中專門對企業架構成熟度模型進行了描述,本篇將對它的主要內容進行整理一下,現在理解還不行,就翻譯了一些簡單的,先放這,以後也好再仔細看看。

評估的幾個方面

EAMM從以下幾個方面來對不同級別進行描述:

  1. Administration – 治理角色與職責
  2. Planning – 企業架構開發路標以及實現計劃
  3. Framework – 流程和模板
  4. Blueprint – 實際的標準和規範集合
  5. Communication – 交流與釋出EA和詳細藍圖
  6. Compliance(一致性) – 遵循釋出的標準、流程和其它EA元素,文件化流程並且能夠跟蹤變化
  7. Integration – touch-points of management processes to the EA
  8. Involvement – 整個組織對EA的支援

EA LEVEL 0 - NO PROGRAM

  沒有文件化的架構框架,雖然解決方案已經開發並實現了,但是並沒有公認的標準和最佳實踐的指導,組織完全依賴於獨立個人貢獻者的知識。

  1. Administration
    沒有架構治理
  2. Planning
    沒有開發企業架構的方法
  3. Framework
    沒有架構流程和模板
  4. Blueprint
    IT技術標準沒有文件化
  5. Communication
    主要管理人員和機構人員不知道企業架構是什麼
  6. Compliance
    組織內沒有統一的流程
  7. Integration
    沒有企業整合的程式
  8. Involvement
    • There is no program in place for Enterprise Architecture awareness
    • 多個獨立部門或個人分別在解決同一個問題

EA LEVEL 1 - INFORMAL PROGRAM

  定義了基本的企業架構和標準。大家對這些步驟達成基本一致,但是並不一定會遵守並執行,基本上是在非正式的情況下使用。這個狀態下組織仍舊依賴於獨立個人貢獻者的知識。

  1. Administration
    The need for committees to define the standards and processes has been identified
  2. Planning
    • Need for Enterprise Architecture has been identified
    • EA活動沒有正式化和結構化
  3. Framework
    • 個性化和非正式的流程,流程不一致
    • 在業務和技術上沒有統一的架構流程
  4. Blueprint
    非正式和非一致性的文件化業務驅動、技術標準等等
  5. Communication
    • The need to create greater awareness about EA has been identified
    • 在EA流程改善上很少溝通
  6. Compliance
    • The need for compliance to standards has been identified
    • Compliance is informal and unstructured
    • Compliance cannot be measured effectively, because processes and procedures are not consistent across areas and/or projects
  7. Integration
    • The need to document common functions that integrate with an EA Program has been identified
    • Projects and purchases are typically done in isolation, resulting in costly purchases and redundant development and training requirements
  8. Involvement
    • The organization has identified a need to make staff throughout the enterprise aware of the benefits and concepts of Enterprise Architecture
    • EA awareness efforts are informal and inconsistent
    • Some groups are unsupportive of the efforts and may cause unrest in the organization

EA LEVEL 2 - REPEATABLE PROGRAM

  基本架構和標準已經制定並跟蹤驗證,開發時作為可重用方法,產品和元件遵守標準,需求得到一致認同,對流程績效也進行了度量。

  1. Administration
    • A need for Architecture Governance has been identified
    • 開始制定清晰的角色和職責
    • Governance committees are starting to form
  2. Planning
    • 組織已經開始開發企業架構願景
    • 組織開始標識EA任務和資源需求
    • 組織決定使用一個方法論,並且開始開發一個EA計劃
  3. Framework
    • 編制了基本的EA程式
    • 流程計劃並跟蹤
    • The organization is beginning to reuse methods for capturing critical EA information
  4. Blueprint
    • 明晰了業務驅動和策略資訊
    • The need for an EA repository for storage and dissemination of the captured EA information has been identified
  5. Communication
    • The need for Enterprise Architecture is being communicated to Senior Management
    • EA awareness activities are beginning to emerge or be developed
  6. Compliance
    The organization has begun to develop a compliance process to ensure that projects and enhancements are consistent with EA standards
  7. Integration
    The need for integration to the EA Program Framework (Architecture Lifecycle Processes) has been identified
  8. Involvement
    • The organization has begun to develop plans for EA educational sessions and materials to increase the awareness and understanding of the EA concepts and processes
    • EA concepts are beginning to be introduced and more consistently discussed in normal day-to-day meetings

  對於企業架構團隊,如果一開始沒有EA意識,術語Level 0,我所在團隊目前應該就屬於這個級別,Level 2是我們的第一個目標。這個級別還有好幾級,更多內容參考中的TOGAF
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