Python資料視覺化之Pygal圖表型別

oceanzou發表於2018-10-08

將使用Python視覺化包Pygal來生成可縮放的向量圖形檔案

pygal官方文件:www.pygal.org/en/stable/

START

安裝pygal

pip install pygal -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
複製程式碼

使用的編輯器是Pycharm工具軟體,各位可以參考一下

下載完並且安裝完Pycharn後新建專案新建python檔案

簡單的python圖表

import pygal

pygal.Bar()(1, 3, 3, 7)(1, 6, 6, 4).render()
複製程式碼

生成svg圖表

pygal.Bar()(1, 3, 3, 7)(1, 6, 6, 4).render_to_file("simple.svg")
複製程式碼

simple.svg

由於markdown不支援svg格式,只好用截圖代替

製作多系列圖示

import pygal
bar_chart = pygal.Bar()
bar_chart.add('Fibonacci', [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55])
bar_chart.add('Padovan', [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12])
bar_chart.render_to_file("mul-graph.svg")
複製程式碼

mul-graph.svg

堆疊圖表StackedBar

import pygal
bar_chart = pygal.StackedBar()
bar_chart.add('Fibonacci', [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55])
bar_chart.add('Padovan', [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12])
bar_chart.render_to_file("StackedBar.svg")
複製程式碼

StackedBar.svg

將上面的圖表水平HorizontalStackedBar

import pygal
bar_chart = pygal.HorizontalStackedBar()
bar_chart.add('Fibonacci', [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55])
bar_chart.add('Padovan', [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12])
bar_chart.render_to_file("HorizontalStackedBar.svg")
複製程式碼

HorizontalStackedBar.svg

新增標籤

import pygal
bar_chart = pygal.HorizontalStackedBar()
bar_chart.title = "Remarquable sequences"
bar_chart.x_labels = map(str, range(11))
bar_chart.add('Fibonacci', [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55])
bar_chart.add('Padovan', [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12])
bar_chart.render_to_file("HorizontalStackedBar-add-labels.svg")
複製程式碼

HorizontalStackedBar-add-labels.svg

圖表型別

上面只介紹了Bar,下面就介紹Pygal各種圖表型別

Line

Basic

基本的簡單線形圖

import pygal

line_chart = pygal.Line()
line_chart.title = 'Browser usage evolution (in %)'
line_chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2002, 2013))
line_chart.add('Firefox', [None, None,    0, 16.6,   25,   31, 36.4, 45.5, 46.3, 42.8, 37.1])
line_chart.add('Chrome',  [None, None, None, None, None, None,    0,  3.9, 10.8, 23.8, 35.3])
line_chart.add('IE',      [85.8, 84.6, 84.7, 74.5,   66, 58.6, 54.7, 44.8, 36.2, 26.6, 20.1])
line_chart.add('Others',  [14.2, 15.4, 15.3,  8.9,    9, 10.4,  8.9,  5.8,  6.7,  6.8,  7.5])
line_chart.render_to_file("line-basic.svg")
複製程式碼

line-basic.svg

Horizontal Line

相同的圖形但水平,範圍為0-100。

import pygal

line_chart = pygal.HorizontalLine()
line_chart.title = 'Browser usage evolution (in %)'
line_chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2002, 2013))
line_chart.add('Firefox', [None, None,    0, 16.6,   25,   31, 36.4, 45.5, 46.3, 42.8, 37.1])
line_chart.add('Chrome',  [None, None, None, None, None, None,    0,  3.9, 10.8, 23.8, 35.3])
line_chart.add('IE',      [85.8, 84.6, 84.7, 74.5,   66, 58.6, 54.7, 44.8, 36.2, 26.6, 20.1])
line_chart.add('Others',  [14.2, 15.4, 15.3,  8.9,    9, 10.4,  8.9,  5.8,  6.7,  6.8,  7.5])
line_chart.range = [0, 100]
line_chart.render_to_file("line-horizontal-line.svg")
複製程式碼

line-horizontal-line.svg

Stacked

相同的圖形但具有堆疊值和填充渲染

import pygal

# fill引數是指是否填充
line_chart = pygal.StackedLine(fill=True)
line_chart.title = 'Browser usage evolution (in %)'
line_chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2002, 2013))
line_chart.add('Firefox', [None, None, 0, 16.6,   25,   31, 36.4, 45.5, 46.3, 42.8, 37.1])
line_chart.add('Chrome',  [None, None, None, None, None, None,    0,  3.9, 10.8, 23.8, 35.3])
line_chart.add('IE',      [85.8, 84.6, 84.7, 74.5,   66, 58.6, 54.7, 44.8, 36.2, 26.6, 20.1])
line_chart.add('Others',  [14.2, 15.4, 15.3,  8.9,    9, 10.4,  8.9,  5.8,  6.7,  6.8,  7.5])
line_chart.render_to_file("line-stacked.svg")
複製程式碼

line-stacked.sv

Time

對於與時間相關的圖,只需格式化標籤或使用xy圖表的一種變體

import pygal
from datetime import datetime

# x_label_rotation=20是指x軸標籤右旋轉20度,可負數,負數向左旋轉
date_chart = pygal.Line(x_label_rotation=-20)
date_chart.x_labels = map(lambda d: d.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'), [
 datetime(2013, 1, 2),
 datetime(2013, 1, 12),
 datetime(2013, 2, 2),
 datetime(2013, 2, 22)])
date_chart.add("Visits", [300, 412, 823, 672])
date_chart.render_to_file("line-time.svg")
複製程式碼

line-time.svg

Lambda是一個表示式,也可以是一個匿名函式

def sum(x, y):
    return x + y
複製程式碼

在Lambda中可以這樣寫

p = lambda x, y: x + y
複製程式碼

Bar

Basic

基本的簡單條形圖

import pygal

line_chart = pygal.Bar()
line_chart.title = 'Browser usage evolution (in %)'
line_chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2002, 2013))
line_chart.add('Firefox', [None, None, 0, 16.6,   25,   31, 36.4, 45.5, 46.3, 42.8, 37.1])
line_chart.add('Chrome',  [None, None, None, None, None, None,    0,  3.9, 10.8, 23.8, 35.3])
line_chart.add('IE',      [85.8, 84.6, 84.7, 74.5,   66, 58.6, 54.7, 44.8, 36.2, 26.6, 20.1])
line_chart.add('Others',  [14.2, 15.4, 15.3,  8.9,    9, 10.4,  8.9,  5.8,  6.7,  6.8,  7.5])
line_chart.render_to_file("bar-basic.svg")
複製程式碼

bar-basic.svg

Stacked

相同的圖形但具有堆疊值

import pygal

line_chart = pygal.StackedBar()
line_chart.title = 'Browser usage evolution (in %)'
line_chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2002, 2013))
line_chart.add('Firefox', [None, None, 0, 16.6,   25,   31, 36.4, 45.5, 46.3, 42.8, 37.1])
line_chart.add('Chrome',  [None, None, None, None, None, None,    0,  3.9, 10.8, 23.8, 35.3])
line_chart.add('IE',      [85.8, 84.6, 84.7, 74.5,   66, 58.6, 54.7, 44.8, 36.2, 26.6, 20.1])
line_chart.add('Others',  [14.2, 15.4, 15.3,  8.9,    9, 10.4,  8.9,  5.8,  6.7,  6.8,  7.5])
line_chart.render_to_file("bar-stacked.svg")
複製程式碼

bar-stacked.svg

Horizontal

水平條形圖

import pygal

line_chart = pygal.HorizontalBar()
line_chart.title = 'Browser usage in February 2012 (in %)'
line_chart.add('IE', 19.5)
line_chart.add('Firefox', 36.6)
line_chart.add('Chrome', 36.3)
line_chart.add('Safari', 4.5)
line_chart.add('Opera', 2.3)
line_chart.render_to_file("bar-horizontal.svg")
複製程式碼

bar-horizontal.svg

Histogram

Basic

直方圖是特殊條形,它為條形圖取3個值:縱座標高度,橫座標開始和橫座標結束。

import pygal

hist = pygal.Histogram()
hist.add('Wide bars', [(5, 0, 10), (4, 5, 13), (2, 0, 15)])
hist.add('Narrow bars',  [(10, 1, 2), (12, 4, 4.5), (8, 11, 13)])
hist.render_to_file("histogram-basic.svg")
複製程式碼

histogram-basic.svg

XY

Basic

基本XY線,繪製餘弦函式

import pygal
from math import cos

xy_chart = pygal.XY()
xy_chart.title = 'XY Cosinus'
xy_chart.add('x = cos(y)', [(cos(x / 10.), x / 10.) for x in range(-50, 50, 5)])
xy_chart.add('y = cos(x)', [(x / 10., cos(x / 10.)) for x in range(-50, 50, 5)])
xy_chart.add('x = 1',  [(1, -5), (1, 5)])
xy_chart.add('x = -1', [(-1, -5), (-1, 5)])
xy_chart.add('y = 1',  [(-5, 1), (5, 1)])
xy_chart.add('y = -1', [(-5, -1), (5, -1)])
xy_chart.render_to_file("xy-basic.svg")
複製程式碼

xy-basic.svg

Scatter Plot

禁用點和點之間的連線而獲得散點圖

import pygal

# stroke引數是指是否禁用連線
xy_chart = pygal.XY(stroke=False)
xy_chart.title = 'Correlation'
xy_chart.add('A', [(0, 0), (.1, .2), (.3, .1), (.5, 1), (.8, .6), (1, 1.08), (1.3, 1.1), (2, 3.23), (2.43, 2)])
xy_chart.add('B', [(.1, .15), (.12, .23), (.4, .3), (.6, .4), (.21, .21), (.5, .3), (.6, .8), (.7, .8)])
xy_chart.add('C', [(.05, .01), (.13, .02), (1.5, 1.7), (1.52, 1.6), (1.8, 1.63), (1.5, 1.82), (1.7, 1.23), (2.1, 2.23), (2.3, 1.98)])
xy_chart.render_to_file("xy-scatter-plot.svg")
複製程式碼

xy-scatter-plot.svg

Dates

DateTime

import pygal
from datetime import datetime

# truncate_label=-1是指顯示到最後一個元素
# x_value_formatter指X軸的值的格式化
datetimeline = pygal.DateTimeLine(
    x_label_rotation=35, truncate_label=-1,
    x_value_formatter=lambda dt: dt.strftime('%d, %b %Y at %I:%M:%S %p')
)
datetimeline.add("Serie", [
    (datetime(2013, 1, 2, 12, 0), 300),
    (datetime(2013, 1, 12, 14, 30, 45), 412),
    (datetime(2013, 2, 2, 6), 823),
    (datetime(2013, 2, 22, 9, 45), 672)
])
datetimeline.render_to_file("dates-datetime.svg")
複製程式碼

dates-datetime.svg

Date

import pygal
from datetime import date

dateline = pygal.DateLine(x_label_rotation=25)
dateline.x_labels = [
    date(2013, 1, 1),
    date(2013, 7, 1),
    date(2014, 1, 1),
    date(2014, 7, 1),
    date(2015, 1, 1),
    date(2015, 7, 1)
]
dateline.add("Serie", [
    (date(2013, 1, 2), 213),
    (date(2013, 8, 2), 281),
    (date(2014, 12, 7), 198),
    (date(2015, 3, 21), 120)
])
dateline.render_to_file("dates-date.svg")
複製程式碼

dates-date.svg

Time

import pygal
from datetime import time

dateline = pygal.TimeLine(x_label_rotation=25)
dateline.add("Serie", [
  (time(), 0),
  (time(6), 5),
  (time(8, 30), 12),
  (time(11, 59, 59), 4),
  (time(18), 10),
  (time(23, 30), -1),
])
dateline.render_to_file("dates-time.svg")
複製程式碼

dates-time.svg

TimeDelta

import pygal
from datetime import timedelta

dateline = pygal.TimeDeltaLine(x_label_rotation=25)
dateline.add("Serie", [
  (timedelta(), 0),
  (timedelta(seconds=6), 5),
  (timedelta(minutes=11, seconds=59), 4),
  (timedelta(days=3, microseconds=30), 12),
  (timedelta(weeks=1), 10),
])
dateline.render_to_file("dates-timedelta.svg")
複製程式碼

dates-timedelta.svg

Pie

Basic

簡單的餅圖

import pygal

pie_chart = pygal.Pie()
pie_chart.title = 'Browser usage in February 2012 (in %)'
pie_chart.add('IE', 19.5)
pie_chart.add('Firefox', 36.6)
pie_chart.add('Chrome', 36.3)
pie_chart.add('Safari', 4.5)
pie_chart.add('Opera', 2.3)
pie_chart.render_to_file("pie-basic.svg")
複製程式碼

Python資料視覺化之Pygal圖表型別

Multi-series pie

相同的餅圖,但分為子類別

import pygal

pie_chart = pygal.Pie()
pie_chart.title = 'Browser usage by version in February 2012 (in %)'
pie_chart.add('IE', [5.7, 10.2, 2.6, 1])
pie_chart.add('Firefox', [.6, 16.8, 7.4, 2.2, 1.2, 1, 1, 1.1, 4.3, 1])
pie_chart.add('Chrome', [.3, .9, 17.1, 15.3, .6, .5, 1.6])
pie_chart.add('Safari', [4.4, .1])
pie_chart.add('Opera', [.1, 1.6, .1, .5])
pie_chart.render_to_file("pie-multi-series.svg")
複製程式碼

pie-multi-series.svg

Donut

可以指定內半徑來獲得甜甜圈

import pygal

# inner_radius內圓半徑0和1之間
pie_chart = pygal.Pie(inner_radius=.5)
pie_chart.title = 'Browser usage in February 2012 (in %)'
pie_chart.add('IE', 19.5)
pie_chart.add('Firefox', 36.6)
pie_chart.add('Chrome', 36.3)
pie_chart.add('Safari', 4.5)
pie_chart.add('Opera', 2.3)
pie_chart.render_to_file("pie-donut.svg")
複製程式碼

pie-donut.svg

Half pie

import pygal

# half_pie引數是指是否為半圓
pie_chart = pygal.Pie(half_pie=True)
pie_chart.title = 'Browser usage in February 2012 (in %)'
pie_chart.add('IE', 19.5)
pie_chart.add('Firefox', 36.6)
pie_chart.add('Chrome', 36.3)
pie_chart.add('Safari', 4.5)
pie_chart.add('Opera', 2.3)
pie_chart.render_to_file("pie-half.svg")
複製程式碼

pie-half.svg

Radar

Basic

簡單的Kiviat圖

import pygal

radar_chart = pygal.Radar()
radar_chart.title = 'V8 benchmark results'
radar_chart.x_labels = ['Richards', 'DeltaBlue', 'Crypto', 'RayTrace', 'EarleyBoyer', 'RegExp', 'Splay', 'NavierStokes']
radar_chart.add('Chrome', [6395, 8212, 7520, 7218, 12464, 1660, 2123, 8607])
radar_chart.add('Firefox', [7473, 8099, 11700, 2651, 6361, 1044, 3797, 9450])
radar_chart.add('Opera', [3472, 2933, 4203, 5229, 5810, 1828, 9013, 4669])
radar_chart.add('IE', [43, 41, 59, 79, 144, 136, 34, 102])
radar_chart.render_to_file("radar-basic.svg")
複製程式碼

或者也可以

import pygal

radar_chart = pygal.Radar(title='V8 benchmark results', width=600, height=500)
radar_chart.title = 'V8 benchmark results'
radar_chart.width = 600
radar_chart.height = 500
radar_chart.x_labels = ['Richards', 'DeltaBlue', 'Crypto', 'RayTrace', 'EarleyBoyer', 'RegExp', 'Splay', 'NavierStokes']
radar_chart.add('Chrome', [6395, 8212, 7520, 7218, 12464, 1660, 2123, 8607])
radar_chart.add('Firefox', [7473, 8099, 11700, 2651, 6361, 1044, 3797, 9450])
radar_chart.add('Opera', [3472, 2933, 4203, 5229, 5810, 1828, 9013, 4669])
radar_chart.add('IE', [43, 41, 59, 79, 144, 136, 34, 102])
radar_chart.render_to_file("radar-basic.svg")
複製程式碼

radar-basic.svg

Box

Extremes (default)

import pygal

box_plot = pygal.Box()
box_plot.title = 'V8 benchmark results'
box_plot.add('Chrome', [6395, 8212, 7520, 7218, 12464, 1660, 2123, 8607])
box_plot.add('Firefox', [7473, 8099, 11700, 2651, 6361, 1044, 3797, 9450])
box_plot.add('Opera', [3472, 2933, 4203, 5229, 5810, 1828, 9013, 4669])
box_plot.add('IE', [43, 41, 59, 79, 144, 136, 34, 102])
box_plot.render_to_file("box-extremes.svg")
複製程式碼

box-extremes.svg

1.5 interquartile range

import pygal

box_plot = pygal.Box(box_mode="1.5IQR")
box_plot.title = 'V8 benchmark results'
box_plot.add('Chrome', [6395, 8212, 7520, 7218, 12464, 1660, 2123, 8607])
box_plot.add('Firefox', [7473, 8099, 11700, 2651, 6361, 1044, 3797, 9450])
box_plot.add('Opera', [3472, 2933, 4203, 5229, 5810, 1828, 9013, 4669])
box_plot.add('IE', [43, 41, 59, 79, 144, 136, 34, 102])
box_plot.render_to_file("box-interquartile.svg")
複製程式碼

box-interquartile.svg

Dot

Basic

import pygal

dot_chart = pygal.Dot(x_label_rotation=30)
dot_chart.title = 'V8 benchmark results'
dot_chart.x_labels = ['Richards', 'DeltaBlue', 'Crypto', 'RayTrace', 'EarleyBoyer', 'RegExp', 'Splay', 'NavierStokes']
dot_chart.add('Chrome', [6395, 8212, 7520, 7218, 12464, 1660, 2123, 8607])
dot_chart.add('Firefox', [7473, 8099, 11700, 2651, 6361, 1044, 3797, 9450])
dot_chart.add('Opera', [3472, 2933, 4203, 5229, 5810, 1828, 9013, 4669])
dot_chart.add('IE', [43, 41, 59, 79, 144, 136, 34, 102])
dot_chart.render_to_file('dot-basic.svg')
複製程式碼

dot-basic.svg

Negative

支援負數

import pygal

dot_chart = pygal.Dot(x_label_rotation=30)
dot_chart.add('Normal', [10, 50, 76, 80, 25])
dot_chart.add('With negatives', [0, -34, -29, 39, -75])
dot_chart.render_to_file('dot-negative.svg')
複製程式碼

dot-negative.svg

Funnel

Basic

漏斗圖

import pygal

funnel_chart = pygal.Funnel()
funnel_chart.title = 'V8 benchmark results'
funnel_chart.x_labels = ['Richards', 'DeltaBlue', 'Crypto', 'RayTrace', 'EarleyBoyer', 'RegExp', 'Splay', 'NavierStokes']
funnel_chart.add('Opera', [3472, 2933, 4203, 5229, 5810, 1828, 9013, 4669])
funnel_chart.add('Firefox', [7473, 8099, 11700, 2651, 6361, 1044, 3797, 9450])
funnel_chart.add('Chrome', [6395, 8212, 7520, 7218, 12464, 1660, 2123, 8607])
funnel_chart.render_to_file('funnel-basic.svg')
複製程式碼

funnel-basic.svg

SolidGauge

import pygal

gauge = pygal.SolidGauge(inner_radius=0.70)
# 百分格式
percent_formatter = lambda x: '{:.10g}%'.format(x)
# 美元格式
dollar_formatter = lambda x: '{:.10g}$'.format(x)
gauge.value_formatter = percent_formatter

gauge.add('Series 1', [{'value': 225000, 'max_value': 1275000}],
          formatter=dollar_formatter)
gauge.add('Series 2', [{'value': 110, 'max_value': 100}])
gauge.add('Series 3', [{'value': 3}])
gauge.add(
    'Series 4', [
        {'value': 51, 'max_value': 100},
        {'value': 12, 'max_value': 100}])
gauge.add('Series 5', [{'value': 79, 'max_value': 100}])
gauge.add('Series 6', 99)
gauge.add('Series 7', [{'value': 100, 'max_value': 100}])
gauge.render_to_file('solidgauge-normal.svg')
複製程式碼

solidgauge-normal.svg

Half

import pygal

gauge = pygal.SolidGauge(
    half_pie=True, inner_radius=0.70,
    style=pygal.style.styles['default'](value_font_size=10))

percent_formatter = lambda x: '{:.10g}%'.format(x)
dollar_formatter = lambda x: '{:.10g}$'.format(x)
gauge.value_formatter = percent_formatter

gauge.add('Series 1', [{'value': 225000, 'max_value': 1275000}],
          formatter=dollar_formatter)
gauge.add('Series 2', [{'value': 110, 'max_value': 100}])
gauge.add('Series 3', [{'value': 3}])
gauge.add(
    'Series 4', [
        {'value': 51, 'max_value': 100},
        {'value': 12, 'max_value': 100}])
gauge.add('Series 5', [{'value': 79, 'max_value': 100}])
gauge.add('Series 6', 99)
gauge.add('Series 7', [{'value': 100, 'max_value': 100}])
gauge.render_to_file('solidgauge-half.svg')
複製程式碼

solidgauge-half.svg

Gauge

Basic

儀表圖

import pygal

gauge_chart = pygal.Gauge(human_readable=True)
gauge_chart.title = 'DeltaBlue V8 benchmark results'
gauge_chart.range = [0, 10000]
gauge_chart.add('Chrome', 8212)
gauge_chart.add('Firefox', 8099)
gauge_chart.add('Opera', 2933)
gauge_chart.add('IE', 41)
gauge_chart.render_to_file('gauge-basic.svg')
複製程式碼

gauge-basic.svg

Pyramid

Basic

人口金字塔

import pygal

ages = [(364381, 358443, 360172, 345848, 334895, 326914, 323053, 312576, 302015, 301277, 309874, 318295, 323396, 332736, 330759, 335267, 345096, 352685, 368067, 381521, 380145, 378724, 388045, 382303, 373469, 365184, 342869, 316928, 285137, 273553, 250861, 221358, 195884, 179321, 171010, 162594, 152221, 148843, 143013, 135887, 125824, 121493, 115913, 113738, 105612, 99596, 91609, 83917, 75688, 69538, 62999, 58864, 54593, 48818, 44739, 41096, 39169, 36321, 34284, 32330, 31437, 30661, 31332, 30334, 23600, 21999, 20187, 19075, 16574, 15091, 14977, 14171, 13687, 13155, 12558, 11600, 10827, 10436, 9851, 9794, 8787, 7993, 6901, 6422, 5506, 4839, 4144, 3433, 2936, 2615),
   (346205, 340570, 342668, 328475, 319010, 312898, 308153, 296752, 289639, 290466, 296190, 303871, 309886, 317436, 315487, 316696, 325772, 331694, 345815, 354696, 354899, 351727, 354579, 341702, 336421, 321116, 292261, 261874, 242407, 229488, 208939, 184147, 162662, 147361, 140424, 134336, 126929, 125404, 122764, 116004, 105590, 100813, 95021, 90950, 85036, 79391, 72952, 66022, 59326, 52716, 46582, 42772, 38509, 34048, 30887, 28053, 26152, 23931, 22039, 20677, 19869, 19026, 18757, 18308, 14458, 13685, 12942, 12323, 11033, 10183, 10628, 10803, 10655, 10482, 10202, 10166, 9939, 10138, 10007, 10174, 9997, 9465, 9028, 8806, 8450, 7941, 7253, 6698, 6267, 5773),
   (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 23, 91, 412, 1319, 2984, 5816, 10053, 16045, 24240, 35066, 47828, 62384, 78916, 97822, 112738, 124414, 130658, 140789, 153951, 168560, 179996, 194471, 212006, 225209, 228886, 239690, 245974, 253459, 255455, 260715, 259980, 256481, 252222, 249467, 240268, 238465, 238167, 231361, 223832, 220459, 222512, 220099, 219301, 221322, 229783, 239336, 258360, 271151, 218063, 213461, 207617, 196227, 174615, 160855, 165410, 163070, 157379, 149698, 140570, 131785, 119936, 113751, 106989, 99294, 89097, 78413, 68174, 60592, 52189, 43375, 35469, 29648, 24575, 20863),
   (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 74, 392, 1351, 3906, 7847, 12857, 19913, 29108, 42475, 58287, 74163, 90724, 108375, 125886, 141559, 148061, 152871, 159725, 171298, 183536, 196136, 210831, 228757, 238731, 239616, 250036, 251759, 259593, 261832, 264864, 264702, 264070, 258117, 253678, 245440, 241342, 239843, 232493, 226118, 221644, 223440, 219833, 219659, 221271, 227123, 232865, 250646, 261796, 210136, 201824, 193109, 181831, 159280, 145235, 145929, 140266, 133082, 124350, 114441, 104655, 93223, 85899, 78800, 72081, 62645, 53214, 44086, 38481, 32219, 26867, 21443, 16899, 13680, 11508),
   (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 5, 17, 15, 31, 34, 38, 35, 45, 299, 295, 218, 247, 252, 254, 222, 307, 316, 385, 416, 463, 557, 670, 830, 889, 1025, 1149, 1356, 1488, 1835, 1929, 2130, 2362, 2494, 2884, 3160, 3487, 3916, 4196, 4619, 5032, 5709, 6347, 7288, 8139, 9344, 11002, 12809, 11504, 11918, 12927, 13642, 13298, 14015, 15751, 17445, 18591, 19682, 20969, 21629, 22549, 23619, 25288, 26293, 27038, 27039, 27070, 27750, 27244, 25905, 24357, 22561, 21794, 20595),
   (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 8, 0, 8, 21, 34, 49, 84, 97, 368, 401, 414, 557, 654, 631, 689, 698, 858, 1031, 1120, 1263, 1614, 1882, 2137, 2516, 2923, 3132, 3741, 4259, 4930, 5320, 5948, 6548, 7463, 8309, 9142, 10321, 11167, 12062, 13317, 15238, 16706, 18236, 20336, 23407, 27024, 32502, 37334, 34454, 38080, 41811, 44490, 45247, 46830, 53616, 58798, 63224, 66841, 71086, 73654, 77334, 82062, 87314, 92207, 94603, 94113, 92753, 93174, 91812, 87757, 84255, 79723, 77536, 74173),
   (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 5, 0, 11, 35, 137, 331, 803, 1580, 2361, 3632, 4866, 6849, 8754, 10422, 12316, 14152, 16911, 19788, 22822, 27329, 31547, 35711, 38932, 42956, 46466, 49983, 52885, 55178, 56549, 57632, 57770, 57427, 56348, 55593, 55554, 53266, 51084, 49342, 48555, 47067, 45789, 44988, 44624, 44238, 46267, 46203, 36964, 33866, 31701, 28770, 25174, 22702, 21934, 20638, 19051, 17073, 15381, 13736, 11690, 10368, 9350, 8375, 7063, 6006, 5044, 4030, 3420, 2612, 2006, 1709, 1264, 1018),
   (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 6, 11, 20, 68, 179, 480, 1077, 2094, 3581, 5151, 7047, 9590, 12434, 15039, 17257, 19098, 21324, 24453, 27813, 32316, 37281, 43597, 49647, 53559, 58888, 62375, 67219, 70956, 73547, 74904, 75994, 76224, 74979, 72064, 70330, 68944, 66527, 63073, 60899, 60968, 58756, 57647, 56301, 57246, 57068, 59027, 59187, 47549, 44425, 40976, 38077, 32904, 29431, 29491, 28020, 26086, 24069, 21742, 19498, 17400, 15738, 14451, 13107, 11568, 10171, 8530, 7273, 6488, 5372, 4499, 3691, 3259, 2657)]

types = ['Males single', 'Females single',
         'Males married', 'Females married',
         'Males widowed', 'Females widowed',
         'Males divorced', 'Females divorced']

pyramid_chart = pygal.Pyramid(human_readable=True, legend_at_bottom=True)
pyramid_chart.title = 'England population by age in 2010 (source: ons.gov.uk)'
pyramid_chart.x_labels = map(lambda x: str(x) if not x % 5 else '', range(90))
for type, age in zip(types, ages):
    pyramid_chart.add(type, age)
pyramid_chart.render_to_file('pyramid-basic.svg')
複製程式碼

pyramid-basic.svg

Treemap

Basic

樹形圖

import pygal

treemap = pygal.Treemap()
treemap.title = 'Binary TreeMap'
treemap.add('A', [2, 1, 12, 4, 2, 1, 1, 3, 12, 3, 4, None, 9])
treemap.add('B', [4, 2, 5, 10, 3, 4, 2, 7, 4, -10, None, 8, 3, 1])
treemap.add('C', [3, 8, 3, 3, 5, 3, 3, 5, 4, 12])
treemap.add('D', [23, 18])
treemap.add('E', [1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3,
      4, 3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
treemap.add('F', [31])
treemap.add('G', [5, 9.3, 8.1, 12, 4, 3, 2])
treemap.add('H', [12, 3, 3])
treemap.render_to_file('treemap-basic.svg')
複製程式碼

treemap-basic.svg

Maps

World map

安裝

pip install pygal_maps_world
複製程式碼

Countries

import pygal

worldmap_chart = pygal.maps.world.World()
worldmap_chart.title = 'Some countries'
worldmap_chart.add('C countries', ['cn', 'ca', 'ch', 'cg'])
worldmap_chart.add('F countries', ['fr', 'fi'])
worldmap_chart.add('M countries', ['ma', 'mc', 'md', 'me', 'mg',
                                   'mk', 'ml', 'mm', 'mn', 'mo',
                                   'mr', 'mt', 'mu', 'mv', 'mw',
                                   'mx', 'my', 'mz'])
worldmap_chart.add('U countries', ['ua', 'ug', 'us', 'uy', 'uz'])
worldmap_chart.render_to_file('world-map-countries.svg')
複製程式碼

world-map-countries.svg

Continents

訪問各大洲

import pygal

supra = pygal.maps.world.SupranationalWorld()
supra.add('Asia', [('asia', 1)])
supra.add('Europe', [('europe', 1)])
supra.add('Africa', [('africa', 1)])
supra.add('North america', [('north_america', 1)])
supra.add('South america', [('south_america', 1)])
supra.add('Oceania', [('oceania', 1)])
supra.add('Antartica', [('antartica', 1)])
supra.render_to_file('world-map-continents.svg')
複製程式碼

world-map-continents.svg

國家程式碼列表

codeCountrycodeCountry
adAndorralaLao People’s Democratic Republic
aeUnited Arab EmirateslbLebanon
afAfghanistanliLiechtenstein
alAlbanialkSri Lanka
amArmenialrLiberia
aoAngolalsLesotho
aqAntarcticaltLithuania
arArgentinaluLuxembourg
atAustrialvLatvia
auAustralialyLibyan Arab Jamahiriya
azAzerbaijanmaMorocco
baBosnia and HerzegovinamcMonaco
bdBangladeshmdMoldova, Republic of
beBelgiummeMontenegro
bfBurkina FasomgMadagascar
bgBulgariamkMacedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of
bhBahrainmlMali
biBurundimmMyanmar
bjBeninmnMongolia
bnBrunei DarussalammoMacao
boBolivia, Plurinational State ofmrMauritania
brBrazilmtMalta
btBhutanmuMauritius
bwBotswanamvMaldives
byBelarusmwMalawi
bzBelizemxMexico
caCanadamyMalaysia
cdCongo, the Democratic Republic of themzMozambique
cfCentral African RepublicnaNamibia
cgCongoneNiger
chSwitzerlandngNigeria
ciCote d’IvoireniNicaragua
clChilenlNetherlands
cmCameroonnoNorway
cnChinanpNepal
coColombianzNew Zealand
crCosta RicaomOman
cuCubapaPanama
cvCape VerdepePeru
cyCypruspgPapua New Guinea
czCzech RepublicphPhilippines
deGermanypkPakistan
djDjiboutiplPoland
dkDenmarkprPuerto Rico
doDominican RepublicpsPalestine, State of
dzAlgeriaptPortugal
ecEcuadorpyParaguay
eeEstoniareReunion
egEgyptroRomania
ehWestern SahararsSerbia
erEritrearuRussian Federation
esSpainrwRwanda
etEthiopiasaSaudi Arabia
fiFinlandscSeychelles
frFrancesdSudan
gaGabonseSweden
gbUnited KingdomsgSingapore
geGeorgiashSaint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
gfFrench GuianasiSlovenia
ghGhanaskSlovakia
glGreenlandslSierra Leone
gmGambiasmSan Marino
gnGuineasnSenegal
gqEquatorial GuineasoSomalia
grGreecesrSuriname
gtGuatemalastSao Tome and Principe
guGuamsvEl Salvador
gwGuinea-BissausySyrian Arab Republic
gyGuyanaszSwaziland
hkHong KongtdChad
hnHondurastgTogo
hrCroatiathThailand
htHaititjTajikistan
huHungarytlTimor-Leste
idIndonesiatmTurkmenistan
ieIrelandtnTunisia
ilIsraeltrTurkey
inIndiatwTaiwan (Republic of China)
iqIraqtzTanzania, United Republic of
irIran, Islamic Republic ofuaUkraine
isIcelandugUganda
itItalyusUnited States
jmJamaicauyUruguay
joJordanuzUzbekistan
jpJapanvaHoly See (Vatican City State)
keKenyaveVenezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
kgKyrgyzstanvnViet Nam
khCambodiayeYemen
kpKorea, Democratic People’s Republic ofytMayotte
krKorea, Republic ofzaSouth Africa
kwKuwaitzmZambia
kzKazakhstanzwZimbabwe

洲程式碼列表

codename
asiaAsia
europeEurope
africaAfrica
north_americaNorth America
south_americaSouth America
oceaniaOceania
antarticaAntartica

END

關注微信公眾號閱讀更多文章:mp.weixin.qq.com/s/prDdYcrLV…

相關文章