思路淺析
在我們分析的 Azure Terraform 系列文中有介紹到關於 Terraform 的狀態檔案遠端儲存的問題,我們在 Azure DevOps Pipeline 的 Task Job 加 azure_cli_script 執行內聯指令碼(該指令碼幫我們建立好 Terraform 狀態檔案儲存所在的 Azure Resource Group、 Azure Storage Account、Azure KeyVault 等資源),需要注意的是,內聯指令碼中有使用動態變數,該變數臨時儲存 Azure Storage Account 的 Account Key,如下圖所示:
本篇文章,我繼續帶領大家,分析如何在 Azure DevOps Pipeline 執行中建立使用動態臨時變數,使用動態臨時變數替換 Azure Pipeline 管道變數。
專案整體架構圖
Pipeline 變數定義、輸出
在此階段,我們需要利用 azure_cli_script 任務,建立動態臨時變數,輸出引數,其中最主要的是將動態臨時變數輸出,Task yaml 如下所示
輸出的變數用於同一個 stage,不同 job
- stage: script jobs: - job: azure_cli_script steps: - task: AzureCLI@2 displayName: 'Azure CLI :Create Storage Account,Key Vault And Set KeyVault Secret' name: 'output_variable' inputs: azureSubscription: 'Microsoft Azure Subscription(xxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx)' scriptType: 'bash' addSpnToEnvironment: true scriptLocation: 'inlineScript' inlineScript: | # create azure resource group az group create --location eastasia --name $(terraform_rg) # create azure storage account az storage account create --name $(storage_account) --resource-group $(terraform_rg) --location eastasia --sku Standard_LRS # create storage account container for tf state az storage container create --name $(storage_account_container) --account-name $(storage_account) # query storage key and set variable ACCOUNT_KEY=$(az storage account keys list --resource-group $(terraform_rg) --account-name $(storage_account) --query "[?keyName == 'key1'][value]" --output tsv) # create azure keyvault az keyvault create --name $(keyvault) --resource-group $(terraform_rg) --location eastasia --enable-soft-delete false # set keyvault secret,secret value is ACCOUNT_KEY az keyvault secret set --name $(keyvault_sc) --vault-name $(keyvault) --value $ACCOUNT_KEY # set secret varivale and add to environment echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=ACCOUNT_KEY;isOutput=true]$ACCOUNT_KEY" #echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=ACCOUNT_KEY;issecret=true;isOutput=true]$ACCOUNT_KEY" - job: same_stage_echo dependsOn: azure_cli_script variables: ACCOUNT_KEY: $[dependencies.azure_cli_script.outputs['output_variable.ACCOUNT_KEY']] steps: - task: Bash@3 displayName: 'Bash :output temporary variables in different jobs on the same stage' inputs: targetType: 'inline' script: | # echo ACCOUNT_KEY echo "ACCOUNT_KEY is $ACCOUNT_KEY"
輸出變數用於不同 stage
- stage: echo_varibale dependsOn: script jobs: - job: different_stage_echo variables: ACCOUNT_KEY: $[stageDependencies.script.azure_cli_script.outputs['output_variable.ACCOUNT_KEY']] steps: - task: Bash@3 displayName: 'Bash :output temporary variables in same jobs on the same stage' inputs: targetType: 'inline' script: | # echo ACCOUNT_KEY echo "ACCOUNT_KEY is $ACCOUNT_KEY"
以下為完整的 azure-pipelines-1.yaml
# Starter pipeline # Start with a minimal pipeline that you can customize to build and deploy your code. # Add steps that build, run tests, deploy, and more: # https://aka.ms/yaml trigger: - remote_stats pool: vmImage: ubuntu-latest stages: - stage: script jobs: - job: azure_cli_script steps: - task: AzureCLI@2 displayName: 'Azure CLI :Create Storage Account,Key Vault And Set KeyVault Secret' name: 'output_variable' inputs: azureSubscription: 'Microsoft Azure Subscription(xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx)' scriptType: 'bash' addSpnToEnvironment: true scriptLocation: 'inlineScript' inlineScript: | # create azure resource group az group create --location eastasia --name $(terraform_rg) # create azure storage account az storage account create --name $(storage_account) --resource-group $(terraform_rg) --location eastasia --sku Standard_LRS # create storage account container for tf state az storage container create --name $(storage_account_container) --account-name $(storage_account) # query storage key and set variable ACCOUNT_KEY=$(az storage account keys list --resource-group $(terraform_rg) --account-name $(storage_account) --query "[?keyName == 'key1'][value]" --output tsv) # create azure keyvault az keyvault create --name $(keyvault) --resource-group $(terraform_rg) --location eastasia --enable-soft-delete false # set keyvault secret,secret value is ACCOUNT_KEY az keyvault secret set --name $(keyvault_sc) --vault-name $(keyvault) --value $ACCOUNT_KEY # set secret varivale and add to environment echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=ACCOUNT_KEY;isOutput=true]$ACCOUNT_KEY" #echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=ACCOUNT_KEY;issecret=true;isOutput=true]$ACCOUNT_KEY" - job: same_stage_echo dependsOn: azure_cli_script variables: ACCOUNT_KEY: $[dependencies.azure_cli_script.outputs['output_variable.ACCOUNT_KEY']] steps: - task: Bash@3 displayName: 'Bash :output temporary variables in different jobs on the same stage' inputs: targetType: 'inline' script: | # echo ACCOUNT_KEY echo "ACCOUNT_KEY is $ACCOUNT_KEY" - stage: echo_varibale dependsOn: script jobs: - job: different_stage_echo variables: ACCOUNT_KEY: $[stageDependencies.script.azure_cli_script.outputs['output_variable.ACCOUNT_KEY']] steps: - task: Bash@3 displayName: 'Bash :output temporary variables in same jobs on the same stage' inputs: targetType: 'inline' script: | # echo ACCOUNT_KEY echo "ACCOUNT_KEY is $ACCOUNT_KEY"
*****重點*****:管道內變數與動態臨時變數使用區別
Pipeline 管道內使用方式:$(變數名稱)
動態臨時變數使用方式:$變數名稱
配置 Pipeline 管道變數
使用 Azure CLI 建立 Azure Storage Account、Azure Key Vault 的內聯指令碼中使用管理內變數控制引數
變數名 | 變數值 |
terraform_rg | Web_Test_TF_RG |
storage_account | cnbatetfstorage |
storage_account_container | tf-state |
keyvault | cnbate-terraform-kv |
keyvault_sc | terraform-stste-storage-key |
container_key | cnbate.tf.stats |
執行 Pipeline,檢視配置輸出
由於我們已經在 azure-pipelines-1.yaml 檔案中指定了工作分支 “remote_stats”,當我們只要觸發 “remote_stats” 分支的 “push” 或者 “pull_request” 動作都會觸發 Azure DevOps Pipeline 的執行。
相同 stage 內的 job 輸出
不同 stage 的 job 輸出
總結
本期實驗,我們學習瞭如何在 Azure DevOps Pipeline 執行期間建立的動態臨時變數以及變數的輸出,使得我們更加靈活的在任意 job 中宣告自定義的動態臨時變數,並將動態臨時變數應用到任意的 job 中,這種方式有區別與Pipeline 管道內變數,尤其是在定義階段和使用語法上,詳細內容參考官方文件。
在指令碼中設定變數:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/process/set-variables-scripts
github 程式碼地址:https://github.com/yunqian44/Terraform_Cnbate_Traffic_Manager
Terraform 在 Azure DevOps 中的使用系列:https://www.cnblogs.com/AllenMaster/category/1876925.html