Azure Terraform（三）部署 Web 應用程式

一，引言

　　上一節關於 Terraform 的文章講到 Terraform 使用到的一些語法，以及通過演示使用 Terraform 在Azure 上部署資源組，極大的方便了基礎設施實施人員，也提高了基礎設施團隊的工作效率，同時可以利用 IAC 工具來管理雲基礎設施資源。

　　這個時候就有人問到，既然 Terraform 這麼強大，那可不可以自動化部署其他Azure 資源，比方我們公司的專案就部署在Azure Web 應用上，使用者訪問的流量通過 Traffic Manager（流量配置分發管理器） 將流量分發到後端的 Web 應用程式，基礎設施架構圖如下圖所示：

 那我們今天就已當前基礎設施架構圖為模板，通過Terraform 實現基礎設施資源的自動化部署

--------------------Azure Terraform 系列--------------------

1，Azure Terraform（一）入門簡介

2，Azure Terraform（二）語法詳解

3，Azure Terraform（三）部署 Web 應用程式

二，正文

1，Terraform 下的資源架構

1.1 Data Source

這個我們引入一個新的概念，Terrform Data Source

provider "azurerm" {
  version = "~>2.0"
  features {}
}

data "azurerm_resource_group" "cnbate_resource_group" {
  name = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
}

使用 data 標記的資源訪問有關現有資源組的資訊，意思就是在Azure 上我們已有一個名為 “Web_Test_TF_RG”，我們直接引用現有的資源組，在此資源組下建立其他雲資源。

1.2 Web 應用程式

注意：根據架構圖所示，兩個 Web 應用程式 

resource "azurerm_app_service_plan" "cnbate_app_service_plan01" {
  name                = "cnbate_appserviceplan01"
  location            = local.location_eastAsia
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name

  sku {
    tier = "Standard"
    size = "S1"
  }
}

resource "azurerm_app_service_plan" "cnbate_app_service_plan02" {
  name                = "cnbate_appserviceplan02"
  location            = local.location_southeastAsia
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name

  sku {
    tier = "Standard"
    size = "S1"
  }
}

resource "azurerm_app_service" "cnbate_app_service01" {
  name                = "CnBateBlogWeb01"
  location            = local.location_eastAsia
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name
  app_service_plan_id = azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan01.id

  app_settings = {
    "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" = "Production"
  }
}

resource "azurerm_app_service" "cnbate_app_service02" {
  name                = "CnBateBlogWeb02"
  location            = local.location_southeastAsia
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name
  app_service_plan_id = azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan02.id

  app_settings = {
    "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" = "Production"
  }
}

1.3，Traffic Manager Profile（流量管理器配置）

resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_profile" "cnbate_traffic_manager_profile" {
  name                = "cnbateblogweb"
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name

  traffic_routing_method = "Geographic"

  dns_config {
    relative_name = "cnbateblogweb"
    ttl           = 60
  }

  monitor_config {
    protocol                     = "http"
    port                         = 80
    path                         = "/"
    interval_in_seconds          = 30
    timeout_in_seconds           = 10
    tolerated_number_of_failures = 3
  }

  tags = {
    Environment = "Production"
  }
}

1.4 Traffic Manager Endpoint（流量管理器終結點）

resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint" "cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01" {
  name                = "cnbateblogweb_webapp01_performance"
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name
  profile_name        = azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile.name
  target_resource_id  = azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01.id
  type                = "azureEndpoints"

  geo_mappings = ["CN"]
}

resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint" "cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02" {
  name                = "cnbateblogweb_webapp02_performance"
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name
  profile_name        = azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile.name
  target_resource_id  = azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02.id
  type                = "azureEndpoints"

  geo_mappings = ["SG"]
}

完整請檢視文章底部 github 連結

2，執行 Terraform 部署計劃並且驗證部署結果

2.1，使用以下 terraform apply 命令進行部署

PS D:\Core\Terraform\Azure\terraform_cnbate_traffic manager> terraform apply
data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group: Refreshing state...

An execution plan has been generated and is shown below.
Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:  
  + create

Terraform will perform the following actions:

  # azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_app_service" "cnbate_app_service01" {    
      + app_service_plan_id               = (known after apply)
      + app_settings                      = {
          + "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" = "Production"
        }
      + client_affinity_enabled           = false
      + client_cert_enabled               = false
      + custom_domain_verification_id     = (known after apply)
      + default_site_hostname             = (known after apply)
      + enabled                           = true
      + https_only                        = false
      + id                                = (known after apply)
      + location                          = "eastasia"
      + name                              = "CnBateBlogWeb01"  
      + outbound_ip_address_list          = (known after apply)
      + outbound_ip_addresses             = (known after apply)
      + possible_outbound_ip_address_list = (known after apply)
      + possible_outbound_ip_addresses    = (known after apply)
      + resource_group_name               = "Web_Test_TF_RG"   
      + site_credential                   = (known after apply)

      + auth_settings {
          + additional_login_params        = (known after apply)
          + allowed_external_redirect_urls = (known after apply)
          + default_provider               = (known after apply)
          + enabled                        = (known after apply)
          + issuer                         = (known after apply)
          + runtime_version                = (known after apply)
          + token_refresh_extension_hours  = (known after apply)
          + token_store_enabled            = (known after apply)
          + unauthenticated_client_action  = (known after apply)

          + active_directory {
              + allowed_audiences = (known after apply)
              + client_id         = (known after apply)
              + client_secret     = (sensitive value)
            }

          + facebook {
              + app_id       = (known after apply)
              + app_secret   = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes = (known after apply)
            }

          + google {
              + client_id     = (known after apply)
              + client_secret = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes  = (known after apply)
            }

          + microsoft {
              + client_id     = (known after apply)
              + client_secret = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes  = (known after apply)
            }

          + twitter {
              + consumer_key    = (known after apply)
              + consumer_secret = (sensitive value)
            }
        }

      + connection_string {
          + name  = (known after apply)
          + type  = (known after apply)
          + value = (sensitive value)
        }

      + identity {
          + identity_ids = (known after apply)
          + principal_id = (known after apply)
          + tenant_id    = (known after apply)
          + type         = (known after apply)
        }

      + logs {
          + detailed_error_messages_enabled = (known after apply)
          + failed_request_tracing_enabled  = (known after apply)

          + application_logs {
              + file_system_level = (known after apply)

              + azure_blob_storage {
                  + level             = (known after apply)
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + sas_url           = (sensitive value)
                }
            }

          + http_logs {
              + azure_blob_storage {
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + sas_url           = (sensitive value)
                }

              + file_system {
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + retention_in_mb   = (known after apply)
                }
            }
        }

      + site_config {
          + always_on                   = (known after apply)
          + app_command_line            = (known after apply)
          + auto_swap_slot_name         = (known after apply)
          + default_documents           = (known after apply)
          + dotnet_framework_version    = (known after apply)
          + ftps_state                  = (known after apply)
          + health_check_path           = (known after apply)
          + http2_enabled               = (known after apply)
          + ip_restriction              = (known after apply)
          + java_container              = (known after apply)
          + java_container_version      = (known after apply)
          + java_version                = (known after apply)
          + linux_fx_version            = (known after apply)
          + local_mysql_enabled         = (known after apply)
          + managed_pipeline_mode       = (known after apply)
          + min_tls_version             = (known after apply)
          + php_version                 = (known after apply)
          + python_version              = (known after apply)
          + remote_debugging_enabled    = (known after apply)
          + remote_debugging_version    = (known after apply)
          + scm_ip_restriction          = (known after apply)
          + scm_type                    = (known after apply)
          + scm_use_main_ip_restriction = (known after apply)
          + use_32_bit_worker_process   = (known after apply)
          + websockets_enabled          = (known after apply)
          + windows_fx_version          = (known after apply)

          + cors {
              + allowed_origins     = (known after apply)
              + support_credentials = (known after apply)
            }
        }

      + source_control {
          + branch             = (known after apply)
          + manual_integration = (known after apply)
          + repo_url           = (known after apply)
          + rollback_enabled   = (known after apply)
          + use_mercurial      = (known after apply)
        }

      + storage_account {
          + access_key   = (sensitive value)
          + account_name = (known after apply)
          + mount_path   = (known after apply)
          + name         = (known after apply)
          + share_name   = (known after apply)
          + type         = (known after apply)
        }
    }

  # azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_app_service" "cnbate_app_service02" {
      + app_service_plan_id               = (known after apply)
      + app_settings                      = {
          + "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" = "Production"
        }
      + client_affinity_enabled           = false
      + client_cert_enabled               = false
      + custom_domain_verification_id     = (known after apply)
      + default_site_hostname             = (known after apply)
      + enabled                           = true
      + https_only                        = false
      + id                                = (known after apply)
      + location                          = "southeastasia"
      + name                              = "CnBateBlogWeb02"
      + outbound_ip_address_list          = (known after apply)
      + outbound_ip_addresses             = (known after apply)
      + possible_outbound_ip_address_list = (known after apply)
      + possible_outbound_ip_addresses    = (known after apply)
      + resource_group_name               = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
      + site_credential                   = (known after apply)

      + auth_settings {
          + additional_login_params        = (known after apply)
          + allowed_external_redirect_urls = (known after apply)
          + default_provider               = (known after apply)
          + enabled                        = (known after apply)
          + issuer                         = (known after apply)
          + runtime_version                = (known after apply)
          + token_refresh_extension_hours  = (known after apply)
          + token_store_enabled            = (known after apply)
          + unauthenticated_client_action  = (known after apply)

          + active_directory {
              + allowed_audiences = (known after apply)
              + client_id         = (known after apply)
              + client_secret     = (sensitive value)
            }

          + facebook {
              + app_id       = (known after apply)
              + app_secret   = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes = (known after apply)
            }

          + google {
              + client_id     = (known after apply)
              + client_secret = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes  = (known after apply)
            }

          + microsoft {
              + client_id     = (known after apply)
              + client_secret = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes  = (known after apply)
            }

          + twitter {
              + consumer_key    = (known after apply)
              + consumer_secret = (sensitive value)
            }
        }

      + connection_string {
          + name  = (known after apply)
          + type  = (known after apply)
          + value = (sensitive value)
        }

      + identity {
          + identity_ids = (known after apply)
          + principal_id = (known after apply)
          + tenant_id    = (known after apply)
          + type         = (known after apply)
        }

      + logs {
          + detailed_error_messages_enabled = (known after apply)
          + failed_request_tracing_enabled  = (known after apply)

          + application_logs {
              + file_system_level = (known after apply)

              + azure_blob_storage {
                  + level             = (known after apply)
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + sas_url           = (sensitive value)
                }
            }

          + http_logs {
              + azure_blob_storage {
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + sas_url           = (sensitive value)
                }

              + file_system {
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + retention_in_mb   = (known after apply)
                }
            }
        }

      + site_config {
          + always_on                   = (known after apply)
          + app_command_line            = (known after apply)
          + auto_swap_slot_name         = (known after apply)
          + default_documents           = (known after apply)
          + dotnet_framework_version    = (known after apply)
          + ftps_state                  = (known after apply)
          + health_check_path           = (known after apply)
          + http2_enabled               = (known after apply)
          + ip_restriction              = (known after apply)
          + java_container              = (known after apply)
          + java_container_version      = (known after apply)
          + java_version                = (known after apply)
          + linux_fx_version            = (known after apply)
          + local_mysql_enabled         = (known after apply)
          + managed_pipeline_mode       = (known after apply)
          + min_tls_version             = (known after apply)
          + php_version                 = (known after apply)
          + python_version              = (known after apply)
          + remote_debugging_enabled    = (known after apply)
          + remote_debugging_version    = (known after apply)
          + scm_ip_restriction          = (known after apply)
          + scm_type                    = (known after apply)
          + scm_use_main_ip_restriction = (known after apply)
          + use_32_bit_worker_process   = (known after apply)
          + websockets_enabled          = (known after apply)
          + windows_fx_version          = (known after apply)

          + cors {
              + allowed_origins     = (known after apply)
              + support_credentials = (known after apply)
            }
        }

      + source_control {
          + branch             = (known after apply)
          + manual_integration = (known after apply)
          + repo_url           = (known after apply)
          + rollback_enabled   = (known after apply)
          + use_mercurial      = (known after apply)
        }

      + storage_account {
          + access_key   = (sensitive value)
          + account_name = (known after apply)
          + mount_path   = (known after apply)
          + name         = (known after apply)
          + share_name   = (known after apply)
          + type         = (known after apply)
        }
    }

  # azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan01 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_app_service_plan" "cnbate_app_service_plan01" {
      + id                           = (known after apply)
      + kind                         = "Windows"
      + location                     = "eastasia"
      + maximum_elastic_worker_count = (known after apply)
      + maximum_number_of_workers    = (known after apply)
      + name                         = "cnbate_appserviceplan01"
      + resource_group_name          = "Web_Test_TF_RG"

      + sku {
          + capacity = (known after apply)
          + size     = "S1"
          + tier     = "Standard"
        }
    }

  # azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan02 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_app_service_plan" "cnbate_app_service_plan02" {
      + id                           = (known after apply)
      + kind                         = "Windows"
      + location                     = "southeastasia"
      + maximum_elastic_worker_count = (known after apply)
      + maximum_number_of_workers    = (known after apply)
      + name                         = "cnbate_appserviceplan02"
      + resource_group_name          = "Web_Test_TF_RG"

      + sku {
          + capacity = (known after apply)
          + size     = "S1"
          + tier     = "Standard"
        }
    }

  # azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint" "cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01" {
      + endpoint_location       = (known after apply)
      + endpoint_monitor_status = (known after apply)
      + endpoint_status         = (known after apply)
      + geo_mappings            = [
          + "CN",
        ]
      + id                      = (known after apply)
      + name                    = "cnbateblogweb_webapp01_performance"
      + priority                = (known after apply)
      + profile_name            = "cnbateblogweb"
      + resource_group_name     = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
      + target                  = (known after apply)
      + target_resource_id      = (known after apply)
      + type                    = "azureEndpoints"
      + weight                  = (known after apply)
    }

  # azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint" "cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02" {
      + endpoint_location       = (known after apply)
      + endpoint_monitor_status = (known after apply)
      + endpoint_status         = (known after apply)
      + geo_mappings            = [
          + "SG",
        ]
      + id                      = (known after apply)
      + name                    = "cnbateblogweb_webapp02_performance"
      + priority                = (known after apply)
      + profile_name            = "cnbateblogweb"
      + resource_group_name     = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
      + target                  = (known after apply)
      + target_resource_id      = (known after apply)
      + type                    = "azureEndpoints"
      + weight                  = (known after apply)
    }

  # azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile will be created
  + resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_profile" "cnbate_traffic_manager_profile" {
      + fqdn                   = (known after apply)
      + id                     = (known after apply)
      + name                   = "cnbateblogweb"
      + profile_status         = (known after apply)
      + resource_group_name    = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
      + tags                   = {
          + "Environment" = "Production"
        }
      + traffic_routing_method = "Geographic"

      + dns_config {
          + relative_name = "cnbateblogweb"
          + ttl           = 60
        }

      + monitor_config {
          + interval_in_seconds          = 30
          + path                         = "/"
          + port                         = 80
          + protocol                     = "http"
          + timeout_in_seconds           = 10
          + tolerated_number_of_failures = 3
        }
    }

Plan: 7 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.

Do you want to perform these actions?
  Terraform will perform the actions described above.
  Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve.

  Enter a value: yes

azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan02: Creating...
azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan01: Creating...
azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile: Creating...
azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile: Creation complete after 5s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Network/trafficManagerProfiles/cnbateblogweb]
azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan01: Creation complete after 7s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Web/serverfarms/cnbate_appserviceplan01]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Creating...
azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan02: Creation complete after 8s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Web/serverfarms/cnbate_appserviceplan02]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Creating...
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Still creating... [20s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Still creating... [20s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Still creating... [30s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Still creating... [30s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Creation complete after 33s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Web/sites/CnBateBlogWeb01]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01: Creating...
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Creation complete after 33s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Web/sites/CnBateBlogWeb02]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02: Creating...
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01: Creation complete after 10s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Network/trafficManagerProfiles/cnbateblogweb/azureEndpoints/cnbateblogweb_webapp01_performance]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02: Still creating... [20s elapsed]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02: Creation complete after 21s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Network/trafficManagerProfiles/cnbateblogweb/azureEndpoints/cnbateblogweb_webapp02_performance]

Apply complete! Resources: 7 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.
PS D:\Core\Terraform\Azure\terraform_cnbate_traffic manager>

登入 Azure Portal 中，檢視剛剛部署完成的資源

Traffic Manager profile (流量管理配置) 終結點配置

來自 “亞洲=》中國” 的流量轉發到 “CnBateBlogWeb01”

來自 ”亞洲=》新加坡“ 的流量轉發到 “CnBateBlogWeb02”

3，部署 Web 應用程式

釋出 CnBateBlogWeb01

選擇 Web_Test_TF_RG 資源組下的 ”CnBateBlogWeb01“ Web 應用程式

 點選 ”釋出“，進行釋出操作

釋出成功後，點選 ”Browse“ 再瀏覽器中訪問。

顯示OK，沒有任何問題，為了兩個Web App 部署做區分，我這裡在 ”CnBateBlogWeb01“ 上顯示 ”This is China“

同樣，我們釋出專案到 ”CnBateBlogWeb02“，同樣的也為了區分，頁面顯示 ”This is Singapore"

釋出專案完成後，就開始測試 Azure Traffic Manager profile（流量管理配置）是否可以將使用者通過 Traffic Manager 來的請求是否能能夠正常的轉發後對於的終結點

測試區域 ”亞洲=》中國“

訪問ok，成功的將來自 ”china“ 的流量轉發到後端 ”CnBateBlogWeb01“

測試區域 ”亞洲=》新加坡“

訪問ok，成功的將來自 ”Singapore“ 的流量轉發到後端 ”CnBateBlogWeb02“

溫馨提示，大家記得 ”terraform destroy“ 刪除所有的資源

三，結尾

　　今天的內容其實很簡單，迴歸了一下 Azure Traffic Manger 的相關知識點，通過設定 ”Geograhpic“ （基於地理位置的路由策略），當使用者訪問 Traffic Manger ，它在不同的地理位置上部署伺服器以就近響應使用者的請求。同時利用 Terraform 快速實現雲基礎設定資源的搭建，提高了整個團隊在雲資源構建方面的能力。

參考資料：Terraform 官方，azurerm 文件

github：https://github.com/yunqian44/Terraform_Cnbate_Traffic_Manager

github：https://github.com/yunqian44/CnBateBlogWeb

作者：Allen 

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