openPower伺服器安裝Oracle 19c
在openPower伺服器上安裝Oracle 19C
1.建立使用者與組
1.1.建立組(在各個主機上執行)
mkgroup -'A' id='501' adms='root' oinstall mkgroup -'A' id='502' adms='root' asmdba mkgroup -'A' id='503' adms='root' asmoper mkgroup -'A' id='504' adms='root' dba mkgroup -'A' id='505' adms='root' oper mkgroup -'A' id='506' adms='root' backdba mkgroup -'A' id='507' adms='root' dgdba mkgroup -'A' id='508' adms='root' racdba mkgroup -'A' id='509' adms='root' kmdba
1.2.建立使用者(在各個主機上執行)
mkuser id=601 pgrp=oinstall groups=dba,asmdba,oper,asmoper,backdba,dgdba,racdba,kmdba home=/home/oracle oracle
建立安裝目錄
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db mkdir -p /u01/temp chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01
2.設定使用者環境變數(用oracle使用者來編輯.profile)
umask 022 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db export ORACLE_SID=hxsy export ORACLE_UNQNAME=hxsy export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss" export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin export PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/bin export ORACLE_PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/sql:.:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib export THREADS_FLAG=native export TEMP=/u01/tmp export TMPDIR=/u01/tmp export PS1=`hostname`:'$PWD'"$"
3.使用如下命令檢視虛擬記憶體管理引數
vmo -L minperm% vmo -L maxperm% vmo -L maxclient% vmo -L lru_file_repage vmo -L strict_maxclient vmo -L strict_maxperm
4.如果設定不合適,使用如下命令修改:
vmo -p -o minperm%=3 vmo -p -o maxperm%=90 vmo -p -o maxclient%=90 vmo -p -o lru_file_repage=0 vmo -p -o strict_maxclient=1 vmo -p -o strict_maxperm=0
5.檢查網路引數設定
ephemeral引數:
5.1 使用命令no -a |fgrep ephemeral可以檢視當前系統ephemeral引數設定,建議的引數設定如下
tcp_ephemeral_high = 65500 tcp_ephemeral_low = 9000 udp_ephemeral_high= 65500 udp_ephemeral_low = 9000
如果系統中引數設定和上述值不一樣,使用命令修改:
#no -p -o tcp_ephemeral_low=9000 -o tcp_ephemeral_high=65500 #no -p -o udp_ephemeral_low=9000 -o udp_ephemeral_high=65500
使用如下命令修改網路可調整引數:
#no -p -o rfc1323=1 #no -r -o ipqmaxlen=512 #no -p -o ipqmaxlen=512 #no -p -o sb_max=4194304 #no -p -o tcp_recvspace=65536 #no -p -o tcp_sendspace=65536 #no -p -o udp_recvspace=1351680 該值是udp_sendspace的10倍,但須小於sb_max #no -p -o udp_sendspace=135168
備註:-r表示reboot後生效,-p表示即刻生效.
檢查核心引數maxuproc(建議16384)和ncargs(至少128)
#lsattr -E -l sys0 -a ncargs #lsattr -E -l sys0 -a maxuproc
如果設定不合適使用如下命令修改:
#chdev -l sys0 -a ncargs=256 #chdev -l sys0 -a maxuproc=16384
6.解壓資料庫軟體
aix1:/u01/soft$unzip -q AIX.PPC64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
7.安裝資料庫軟體
在$ORACLE_HOME/install/response目錄中有一個安裝rsp檔案示例
7.1.配置響應檔案
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ vi 19c_dbinstall.rsp oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0 oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backdba oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT
8.執行安裝
openaix1:/home/oracle$$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/19c_dbinstall.rsp ******************************************************************************** Your platform requires the root user to perform certain pre-installation OS preparation. The root user should run the shell script 'rootpre.sh' before you proceed with Oracle installation. The rootpre.sh script can be found at: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/clone/rootpre.sh Answer 'y' if root has run 'rootpre.sh' so you can proceed with Oracle installation. Answer 'n' to abort installation and then ask root to run 'rootpre.sh'. ******************************************************************************** Has 'rootpre.sh' been run by root in this machine? [y/n] (n) y Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard... Enter password for 'root' user: [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements. CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. installActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM.log ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: installActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually. The response file for this session can be found at: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/install/response/db_2020-11-17_01-49-09AM.rsp You can find the log of this install session at: /u01/tmp/InstallActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM/installActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM.log Successfully Setup Software with warning(s). Moved the install session logs to: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM
9.配置監聽
建立配置監聽的響應檔案
在/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/assistants/netca/目錄有一個示例檔案
aix1:/home/oracle$vi 19c_netca.rsp "19c_netca.rsp" [New file] [GENERAL] RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="19.0" CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM" [oracle.net.ca] INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"} INSTALL_TYPE=""typical"" LISTENER_NUMBER=1 LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"} LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"} LISTENER_START=""LISTENER"" NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"} NSN_NUMBER=1 NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"} NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"} NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"} aix1:/home/oracle$netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/19c_netca.rsp UnsatisfiedLinkError exception loading native library: njni19 java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: njni19 (Not found in java.library.path) java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: oracle/net/common/NetGetEnv.jniGetOracleHome()Ljava/lang/String; at oracle.net.common.NetGetEnv.getOracleHome(Unknown Source) at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.getOracleHome(NetCALogger.java:230) at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.initOracleParameters(NetCALogger.java:215) at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.initLogger(NetCALogger.java:130) at oracle.net.ca.NetCA.main(NetCA.java:459) Error: oracle/net/common/NetGetEnv.jniGetOracleHome()Ljava/lang/String; Oracle Net Services configuration failed. The exit code is 1 # lsdev | grep iocp iocp0 Defined I/O Completion Ports # smitty iocp # lsdev | grep iocp iocp0 Available I/O Completion Ports aix1:/home/oracle$$ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink all writing relink log to: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/install/relinkActions2020-11-16_11-17-27PM.log aix1:/home/oracle$netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/19c_netca.rsp Parsing command line arguments: Parameter "silent" = true Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/19c_netca.rsp Done parsing command line arguments. Oracle Net Services Configuration: Profile configuration complete. Oracle Net Listener Startup: Running Listener Control: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER Listener Control complete. Listener started successfully. Listener configuration complete. Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0 aix1:/home/oracle$lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 16-NOV-2020 23:24:53 Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=aix1)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Start Date 16-NOV-2020 23:23:28 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 27 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/aix1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=aix1)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully
10.建立資料庫
10.1 建立配置資料庫的響應檔案
在/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/assistants/dbca/目錄中有一個示例檔案
[oracle@ora19c install]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp aix1:/home/oracle$vi 19c_dbca.rsp automaticMemoryManagement=TRUE responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v19.0.0 templateName=General_Purpose.dbc gdbName=hxsy sid=hxsy databaseConfigType=SI createAsContainerDatabase=TRUE numberOfPDBs=1 pdbName=hxsy1 useLocalUndoForPDBs=TRUE pdbAdminPassword=hxsy_123456 sysPassword=hxsy_123456 systemPassword=hxsy_123456 storageType=FS characterSet=ZHS16GBK nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16 listeners=LISTENER sampleSchema=TRUE totalMemory 2048 databaseType=MULTIPURPOSE automaticMemoryManagement=FALSE totalMemory=4096
11.建立資料庫
aix1:/home/oracle$dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /home/oracle/19c_dbca.rsp [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYS' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYSTEM' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'PDBADMIN' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. Prepare for db operation 8% complete Copying database files 31% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 32% complete 36% complete 40% complete 43% complete 46% complete Completing Database Creation 51% complete 53% complete 54% complete Creating Pluggable Databases 58% complete 77% complete Executing Post Configuration Actions 100% complete Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/hxsy. Database Information: Global Database Name:hxsy System Identifier(SID):hxsy Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/hxsy/hxsy.log" for further details.
12.驗證是否可以登入資料庫
aix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs$sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Nov 16 16:32:33 2020 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3221222936 bytes Fixed Size 9303576 bytes Variable Size 956301312 bytes Database Buffers 2231369728 bytes Redo Buffers 24248320 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> show pdbs; CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 HXSY1 MOUNTED SQL> alter pluggable database hxsy1 open; Pluggable database altered. SQL> show pdbs; CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 HXSY1 READ WRITE NO
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