英語學習詳細筆記（十一）動名詞

動名詞（Ving）

1，動名詞（Ving）

當主詞、受詞(一般動詞、介係詞之後)、補語(主詞補語，be動詞後)

2，不定詞（to V)

作名詞：當主詞、受詞(一般動詞之後)、補語(主詞補語：be動詞、連綴動詞become/look後，受詞補語)

作形容詞：修飾名詞，N+ to V，something...to V

作副詞：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞

3，祈使句：Do it right now.

直述句：Doing/To do it right now is important.

Sleeping/To sleep eight hours a day is good for health. 一天睡八小時有益健康，be good for health

It is good for health to sleep eight hours a day.

Swimming /To swim at the beath is a lot of fun.

It is a lot of fun to swim at the beath.

It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水難收。

動名詞當受詞：放一般動詞或介係詞後

1，放一般動詞後

You have to give up smoking.  give up(動詞片語) + Ving

I like watching basketball games on TV.

2，下列動詞之後接Ving或to V當受詞，意義不變：like, love, hate, learn, start, begin等。

They began dancing/to dance faster and faster.

3，下列動詞之後接Ving或to V當受詞，意義改變：stop, remember, forget, try等。

to V（未做），Ving（已做）

The man stopped talking. 停止講話。

The man stopped to talk to a newsboy. 停下來去跟報童講話。

I'm tried, i have to stop working/to take a rest.

She remembered meeting him somewhere. 她記得曾在哪裡見過他。

She remembered to meet him at the station. 她記得要去火車站見他。

Remember to preview your lessons before class and (remember to) review your lessons after class.

Lucy forgot sending me a card.  忘記曾經寄過卡片給我。

Lucy forgot to send me a card.  忘記寄卡片給我。

Don't forget to send me a card on Christmas.

Try to(設法) slove the problem before ten o'clock.

Try(嘗試) knocking at the back door if nobody hear you at front door.

4，下列動詞之後只能接Ving，mind, enjoy, finish, practice, miss, quit, understand, give, avoid等

can't help/stand不能忍、忍不住，It's no use/good沒有用

Would(aux助動詞) you mind waiting for me/if i sit next to you?  mind介意(v)、心智(n)

I made up my mind(V=decide) to wait for her.

These students practice speaking English every day.

I can't help laughing at him. 我忍不住嘲笑他，laugh at + 人

5，當介係詞的受詞，介係詞之後必接Ving(不可用不定詞)

He is interested in playing hide and seek.  躲貓貓遊戲，You'll be it.你當鬼。be interested in 某人對...感興趣

We're thinking about buying a washing machine.我們正考慮買一臺洗衣機。

動名詞當補語

１，動名詞可位於be動詞後當補語

My work is washing cars. 事實，已知

My work is to wash car.  計劃

One of my hobbies is collecting stamps.

2，在其他句型中的Ving，go Ving 或 go N  Ving，名詞N前面不加冠詞(a\an\the)，後面不加s/es，去從事...活動

go  +  golfing(打高爾夫球)/fishing(去釣魚)/hunting(打獵)/bowling(打保齡球)/skating(溜冰)/swimming(去游泳)/hiking(去健行)/sailing(去航行)/picnicking(去航行)

go window shopping 逛街，不買，go shopping逛街，不一定會買，可能買

go   +  mountain climbing/bike riding/bird watching，climb a mountain爬山

3，do + a lot of/a little + Ving，做...事

I'm busy, but i still do a little painting.

Do you have to do a lot of traveling in your work?

4，be busy/have trouble/have fun + ...(in) Ving

My mom was busy cooking dinner.

I had trouble finding out the answer to the question.

5，There is no Ving...，...是沒辦法做到的

There is no telling what will happen next.

There is no knowing who did it.

I remember seeing Mr.Smith tomorrow.

Would you mind going to London on business?

Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.  做完finish doing

I can't help feeling worried about his health.

I apologize for not keeping my promise.