nginx+ffmpeg搭建流媒體伺服器(直播流)

麗biubiu發表於2017-04-11

環境

系統環境:opensuse 12

需求

利用nginx和ffmpeg搭建流媒體伺服器(直播流),其他流後續會有所更新


關於Nginx搭建flv,mp4,hls流媒體伺服器的技術乾貨!
模組:nginx_mod_h264_streaming(支援h264編碼MP4格式的視訊)
模組:http_flv_module (支援flv
模組:http_mp4_module (支援mp4
模組: nginx-rtmp-module (支援rtmp協議,也支援HLS

步驟
1)模組下載和解壓
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
wget http://h264.code-shop.com/download/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz

將所有模組統一放置在/usr/local/nginx_sources目錄下,方便管理
安裝步驟:openssl-->zlib-->pcre
1.openssl
./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl -->make -->make install
2. zlib
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib-->make -->make install
3.pcre
./configure ==prefix=/usr/local/pcre -->make -->make install

2)配置命令,會生成makefile檔案
cd /usr/local/nginx-1.6.0
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--add-module=/usr/tmp/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7 \
--add-module=/usr/tmp/nginx-rtmp-module-master \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_mp4_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-pcre=/usr/tmp/pcre-8.35 \
--with-zlib=/usr/tmp/zlib-1.2.8 \
--with-debug\
   --with-openssl=/usr/tmp/openssl-1.0.1g

錯誤提示:如果在configure過程中出現以下錯誤:
/root/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7/src/ngx_http_streaming_module.c: In function ‘ngx_streaming_handler’:
/root/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7/src/ngx_http_streaming_module.c:158: error: ‘ngx_http_request_t’ has no member named ‘zero_in_uri’
make[1]: *** [objs/addon/src/ngx_http_h264_streaming_module.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/nginx-0.8.54'
make: *** [build] Error 2
那麼將src/ngx_http_streaming_module.c檔案中以下程式碼刪除或者是註釋掉就可以了:
/* TODO: Win32 */
if (r->zero_in_uri)
{
return NGX_DECLINED;
}
如果你沒有對這個檔案做個更改,那麼應該在原始碼的第157-161行。

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin--> ./nginx ( 啟動nginx) -->netstat -nltp(如果80埠啟動就說明安裝成功)
-->在瀏覽器輸入http://172.19.197.244:80

(3)開始安裝ffmpeg,參考安裝文件http://www.voidcn.com/blog/yangguangmeng/article/p-4881242.html(轉載)

安裝ffmpeg:(如果系統不支援上網功能,可以自行從網下先下載,再上傳到伺服器)
下載FFmpeg和libx264的包
ffmpeg-3.2.4.tar.bz2  last_x264.tar.bz2
libx264需要yasm,所以先安裝yasm
  1. zypper install yasm  
然後安裝libx264
  1. zypper install libx264-dev  
解壓縮libx264
  1. tar -xzvf last_x264.tar.bz2  
安裝libx264
  1. ./configure --enable-shared --enable-pthread --enable-pic  
  2. make  
  3. make install  
然後安裝ffmpeg,ffmpeg有許多依賴包,需要一個一個先安裝,可能安裝過程中還需要下載其他依賴包,這個安裝過程依照提示進行下載安裝即可
1. libfaac
  1. zypper install libfaac-dev  
2. libmp3lame
  1. zypper install libmp3lame-dev  
3. libtheora
  1. zypper install libtheora-dev  
4. libvorbis
  1. zypper install libvorbis-dev  
5. libxvid
  1. zypper install libxvidcore-dev  
6. libxext
  1. zypper install libxext-dev  
7. libxfixes
  1. zypper install libxfixes-dev  
依賴包安裝完後,安裝ffmpeg
先解壓縮ffmpeg
  1. tar -xzvf ffmpeg-3.2.4.tar.bz2  
  2. cd /usr/local/ffmpeg_sources #我把它統一放在/usr/local/ffmpeg_sources目錄
  3. cd ffmpeg ffmpeg-3.2.4
  4. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ffmpeg --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-nonfree --enable-postproc --enable-pthreads --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libtheora --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-x11grab 
  5. make && make install
  6. cd /usr/local/nginx/conf -->vi nginx.conf

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}

location /hls {
types {
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
video/mp2t ts;
}
root /tmp;
add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}

server {

listen 8080;


location /stat {

rtmp_stat all;

rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;

}

location /stat.xsl {

root /usr/local/nginx-rtmp-module/; #在nginx-rtmp-module原始碼根目錄

}
}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}

# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;

# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}

}
錯誤提示:安裝ffmpeg出現錯誤, cannot open shared object file
vi /etc/ld.so.conf
在尾部增加一行:/usr/local/lib
-->ldconfig
溫馨提示:如果編譯過程中出現一些錯誤,學會看config.log,裡面會有錯誤提示及解決方法

5、配置好後判斷配置是否正確
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

-->重啟nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
-->檢視是否已經啟動流媒體伺服器的埠
netstat -anp | grep 1935
6、開始推流,我推的是直播流
-->cd /usr/local/ffmpeg_sources/ffmpeg-3.2.4
-->./ffmpeg -re -i "/usr/local/WEB.mp4" -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 1280x720 -pix_fmt yuv420p -q 10 rtmp://172.19.197.244:1935/myapp/test
-->make && make install
7. 搭建客戶端測試環境,本文測試播放器使用的是jwplayer
-->準備網頁
-->下載jwplayer:http://www.longtailvideo.com/players/jw-flv-player/
-->下載後,解壓到:/usr/local/nginx/html/
-->建立測試頁面test.html,也放到上面目錄下。

<html>

<head>

<script src="jwplayer/jwplayer.js"></script>

</head>

<body>

<div id='my-video'></div>

<script type='text/javascript'>

jwplayer('my-video').setup({

file:'rtmp://172.19.197.244/myapp/test', //#live是applicatioin,test是直播快取流檔案

width:'100%',

aspectratio:'3:2',

fallback:'false',

primary:'flash'

});

</script>

</body>

</html>

ps:由於指令碼預設不呼叫javascript函式,所以我們要去官網下載這個函式配置檔案,將它放在
/usr/local/nginx/html/jwplayer/jwplayer.js,由於jwplayer.js是沒有的,需要自己建立

找到下圖這個網址,然後開啟網址將jwplayer.js的程式碼複製進你之前建立的配置檔案中

8、 啟動服務
nginx
l  推流
用ffmpeg產生一個模擬直播源,向rtmp伺服器推送
./ffmpeg -re -i "/usr/local/WEB.mp4" -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 1280x720 -pix_fmt yuv420p -q 10 rtmp://172.19.197.244:1935/myapp/test
注意,原始檔必須是H.264+AAC編碼的。
172.19.197.244是執行nginx的伺服器IP,live是applicatioin,
test是直播快取流檔案,需要與配置檔案中的直播快取檔名一樣。
 
l  從客戶端訪問網頁:

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