1 Reviewing Information About This Guide

This guide describes how to install Oracle Database by using the default installation options.

Tasks Described in This Guide

The procedures in this guide describe how to:

• Configure your system to support Oracle Database

• Install Oracle Database on a local file system by using the Basic Installation option

• Configure a general-purpose Oracle Database installation that uses the local file system for database file storage

Results of a Successful Installation

After you successfully install Oracle Database:

• The database that you created and the default Oracle Net listener process run on the system.

• Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control run on the system and can be accessed by using a Web browser.

Tasks Not Described in This Guide

This guide covers the Basic Installation scenario and does not describe how to complete the following tasks:

• Using the Advanced Installation option to install the software

• Installing the software on a system that has an existing Oracle software installation

• Installing Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters on a cluster

• Enabling Enterprise Manager e-mail notifications or automated backups

• Using alternative storage options such as Automatic Storage Management

Where to Get Additional Installation Information

For more information about installing Oracle Database, including information about the tasks not described in this guide, refer to one of the following guides:

• If you want to install the software on a single system, then refer to .

• If you want to perform. a Oracle Real Application Clusters installation, then refer to and . These guides describe how to install Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters. Oracle clusterware is a prerequisite for Oracle Real Application Clusters installations.

All these guides are available on the product disc. To access them, use a Web browser to open the welcome.htm file located in the top-level directory of the installation media, and then select the Documentation tab.

2 Logging In to the System as root

Before you install the Oracle software, you must complete several tasks as the root user. To log in as the root user, complete one of the following procedures:

• Following are the steps for installing the software from an X Window System workstation or X terminal:

  1. Start a local terminal session, for example, an X terminal (xterm).

  2. If you are not installing the software on the local system, then enter the following command to enable the remote host to display X applications on the local X server:

     $ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name
     

     For example:

     $ xhost somehost.us.example.com
     

  3. If you are not installing the software on the local system, then use the ssh, rlogin, or telnet command to connect to the system where you want to install the software:

     $ telnet fully_qualified_remote_host_name
     

  4. If you are not logged in as the root user, then enter the following command to switch user to root:

     $ su -
     password:
     #
     

• Following are the steps for installing the software from a PC or other system with X server software:

  Note:

  If necessary, refer to your X server documentation for more information about completing this procedure. Depending on the X server software that you are using, you may need to complete the tasks in a different order.

  1. Start the X server software.

  2. Configure the security settings of the X server software to permit remote hosts to display X applications on the local system.

  3. Connect to the remote system where you want to install the software and start a terminal session on that system, for example, an X terminal (xterm).

  4. If you are not logged in as the root user on the remote system, then enter the following command to switch user to root:

     $ su -
     password:
     #
     

3 Checking the Hardware Requirements

The system must meet the following minimum hardware requirements:

# /usr/sbin/lsps -a

# /usr/bin/getconf HARDWARE_BITMODE

# bootinfo -K

4 Checking the Software Requirements

Depending on the products that you intend to install, verify that the following software are installed on the system.

mqm.Client.Bnd
mqm.Server.Bnd

5 Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users

The following local operating system groups and users are required if you are installing Oracle Database:

• The Oracle Inventory group (oinstall)

• The OSDBA group (dba)

• The Oracle software owner (oracle)

To determine whether these groups and users already exist, and if necessary, to create them, follow these steps:

1. To determine whether the oinstall group exists, enter the following command:

   # more /etc/oraInst.loc
   

   If the output of this command shows the oinstall group name, then the group already exists.

   Note:

   In Oracle documentation, Oracle Inventory group is called oinstall. However, it is not mandatory to use the same name, you can enter a different name for the group.

   If the oraInst.loc file exists, then the output from this command is similar to the following:

   inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
   inst_group=oinstall
   

   The inst_group parameter shows the name of the Oracle Inventory group, for example oinstall.

2. To determine whether the dba group exists, enter the following command:

   # grep dba /etc/group
   

   If the output from this commands shows the dba group name, then the group already exists.

3. If necessary, enter the following commands to create the oinstall and dba groups:

   # /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
   # /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
   

4. To determine whether the oracle user exists and belongs to the correct groups, enter the following command:

   # id oracle
   

   If the oracle user exists, then this command displays information about the groups to which the user belongs. The output should be similar to the following, indicating that oinstall (for example) is the primary group and dba is a secondary group:

   uid=440(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=201(dba),202(oper)
   

5. If necessary, complete one of the following actions:

   • If the oracle user exists, but its primary group is not oinstall or it is not a member of the dba group, then enter the following command:

     # /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba oracle
     

   • If the oracle user does not exist, enter the following command to create it:

     # /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
     

     This command creates the oracle user and specifies oinstall as the primary group and dba as the secondary group.

6. Enter the following command to set the password of the oracle user:

   # passwd oracle
   

6 Configure Shell Limits and System Configuration Parameters

Oracle recommends that you set shell limits and system configuration parameters as described in this section.

7 Creating Required Directories

Create directories with names similar to the following, and specify the correct owner, group, and permissions for them:

• The Oracle base directory

• An optional Oracle data file directory

The Oracle base directory must have 3 GB of free disk space, or 4 GB of free disk space if you choose not to create a separate Oracle data file directory.

To create the Oracle base directory:

1. Enter the following command to display information about all mounted file systems:

   # df -k
   

   This command displays information about all the file systems mounted on the system, including:

   • The physical device name

   • The total amount, used amount, and available amount of disk space

   • The mount point directory for that file system

2. From the display, identify either one or two file systems that meet the disk space requirements mentioned earlier in this section.

3. Note the name of the mount point directory for each file system that you identified.

4. Enter commands similar to the following to create the recommended subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions on them:

   # mkdir -p /mount_point/app/
   # chown -R oracle:oinstall /mount_point/app/
   # chmod -R 775 /mount_point/app/
   

   For example:

   # mkdir -p /u01/app/
   # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/
   # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/
   

8 Configuring the oracle User's Environment

You run Oracle Universal Installer from the oracle account. However, before you start Oracle Universal Installer, you must configure the environment of the oracle user. To configure the environment, you must:

• Set the default file mode creation mask (umask) to 022 in the shell startup file.

• Set the DISPLAY environment variable.

To set the oracle user's environment:

1. Start a new terminal session, for example, an X terminal (xterm).

2. Enter the following command to ensure that X Window applications can display on this system:

   $ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name
   

   For example:

   $ xhost somehost.us.example.com
   

3. Complete one of the following steps:

   • If the terminal session is not connected to the system where you want to install the software, then log in to that system as the oracle user.

   • If the terminal session is connected to the system where you want to install the software, then switch user to oracle:

     $ su - oracle
     

4. To determine the default shell for the oracle user, enter the following command:

   $ echo $SHELL
   

5. Open the oracle user's shell startup file in any text editor:

   • Bash shell (bash):

     $ vi .profile
     

   • Bourne shell (sh), Bash shell (bash), or Korn shell (ksh):

     $ vi .bash_profile
     

   • C shell (csh or tcsh):

     % vi .login
     

6. Enter or edit the following line in the shell startup file, specifying a value of 022 for the default file mode creation mask:

   umask 022
   

7. If the ORACLE_SID, ORACLE_HOME, or ORACLE_BASE environment variable is set in the file, then remove the corresponding lines from the file.

8. Save the file, and exit from the editor.

9. To run the shell startup script, enter the following command:

   • Bash shell:

     $ . ./.bash_profile
     

   • Bourne shell, Bash shell, or Korn shell:

     $ . ./.profile
     

   • C shell:

     % source ./.login
     

10. If you are not installing the software on the local computer, then run the following command on the remote machine to set the DISPLAY variable:

    • Bourne, Bash or Korn shell:

      $ export DISPLAY=local_host:0.0    
      

    • C shell:

      % setenv DISPLAY local_host:0.0
      

    In this example, local_host is the host name or IP address of the local computer that you want to use to display Oracle Universal Installer.

    Run the following command on the remote machine to check if the shell and the DISPLAY environmental variable are set correctly:

    echo $SHELL
    echo $DISPLAY
    

    Now to enable X applications, run the following commands on the local computer:

    $ xhost + fully_qualified_remote_host_name
    

    To verify that X applications display is set properly, run a X11 based program that comes with the operating system such as xclock:

    $ xclock_path
    

    In this example, xclock_path is the directory path. For example, you can find xclock at /usr/X11R6/bin/xclocks. If the DISPLAY variable is set properly, then you can see xclock on your computer screen.

    See Also:

    PC-X Server or Operating System vendor documents for further assistance

11. If you determined that the /tmp directory had insufficient free disk space when checking the hardware requirements, then identify a file system with the required amount of free space and set the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables as follows:

    1. Use the df -k command to identify a suitable file system with sufficient free space.

    2. If necessary, enter commands similar to the following to create a temporary directory on the file system that you identified, and set the appropriate permissions on the directory:

       # sudo mkdir /mount_point/tmp
       # sudo chmod a+wr /mount_point/tmp
       # exit
       

    3. Enter commands similar to the following to set the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables:

       Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

       $ TMP=/mount_point/tmp
       $ TMPDIR=/mount_point/tmp
       $ export TMP TMPDIR
       

       C shell:

       % setenv TMP /mount_point/tmp
       % setenv TMPDIR /mount_point/tmp
       

12. Enter commands similar to the following to set the ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_SID environment variables:

    • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

      $ ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
      $ ORACLE_SID=sales
      $ export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID
      

    • C shell:

      % setenv ORACLE_BASE /u01/app/oracle
      % setenv ORACLE_SID sales
      

    In these examples, /u01/app/oracle is the Oracle base directory that you created or identified earlier and sales is the name that you want to call the database (typically no more than five characters).

13. Enter the following commands to ensure that the ORACLE_HOME and TNS_ADMIN environment variables are not set:

    Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

    $ unset ORACLE_HOME
    $ unset TNS_ADMIN
    

    C shell:

    % unsetenv ORACLE_HOME
    % unsetenv TNS_ADMIN
    

14. To verify that the environment has been set correctly, enter the following commands:

    $ umask
    $ env | more
    

    Verify that the umask command displays a value of 22, 022, or 0022 and the environment variables that you set in this section have the correct values.

9 Running the rootpre.sh Script

Run the rootpre.sh script.:

1. Switch user to root:

   $ su -
   password:
   #
   

2. Complete one of the following steps, depending on the location of the installation files:

   • If the installation files are on disc, enter a command similar to the following, where directory_path is the disc mount point directory or the path of the db directory on the DVD:

     # /directory_path/rootpre/rootpre.sh 
     

   • If the installation files are on the hard disk, change directory to the Disk1 directory and enter the following command:

     # ./rootpre.sh
     

3. Exit from the root account:

   # exit
   

10 Mounting the Product Disc

On most AIX systems, the product disc mounts automatically when you insert it into the drive. If the disc does not mount automatically, then follow these steps to mount it:

1. Switch user to root:

   $ su -
   password:
   

2. If necessary, enter a command similar to the following to eject the currently mounted disc, then remove it from the drive:

   # umount /dvd
   

3. Insert the disc into the disc drive, then enter a command similar to the following to mount it:

   # /usr/sbin/mount -rv cdrfs /dev/cd0 /dvd
   

   In this example, /dev/cd0 is the device name of the disc drive and /dvd is the mount point directory.

4. If Oracle Universal Installer displays the Disk Location dialog box, enter the disc mount point directory path, for example:

   /dvd
   

11 Installing Oracle Database

After configuring the oracle user's environment, start Oracle Universal Installer and install Oracle Database as follows:

1. Insert Oracle Database DVD and mount it.

2. To start Oracle Universal Installer, enter the following command:

   $ /mount_point/db/runInstaller
   

   If Oracle Universal Installer does not start, then refer to for information about how to troubleshoot X Window display problems.

3. The following table describes the recommended action for each Oracle Universal Installer screen. Use the following guidelines to complete the installation:

   • If you need more assistance, or if you want to choose an option that is not a default, then click Help for additional information.

   • If you encounter errors while installing or linking the software, then refer to for information about troubleshooting.

   Note:

   • If you have completed the tasks listed previously, then you can complete the installation by choosing the default values on most screens.

   • In Oracle documentation, Oracle Inventory group is called oinstall. However, it is not mandatory to use the same name, you can enter a different name for the group.

   Screen	Recommended Action
   Welcome	The Oracle Universal Installer guides you through the installation and configuration of various Oracle products. You can scan the installed products list and de-install the products if required. Click Next to proceed with the installaton.
   Select Installation Method	The Basic Installation option is selected by default. Specify the directory path of the Oracle home. Ensure that the oinstall group (for example) is selected. If you want to create a starter database, then specify a name and password for it. Then, click Next.
   Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials	This screen is displayed only during the first installation of Oracle products on a system. Specify the full path of the Oracle Inventory directory. Ensure that the operating system group selected is oinstall. Then, click Next.
   Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks	Verify that all of the prerequisite checks succeed, and then click Next. Oracle Universal Installer checks the system to verify that it is configured correctly to run Oracle software. If you have completed all of the preinstallation steps in this guide, all of the checks should pass. If a check fails, then review the cause of the failure listed for that check on the screen. If possible, rectify the problem and rerun the check. Alternatively, if you are satisfied that your system meets the requirements, then you can select the check box for the failed check to manually verify the requirement.
   Oracle Configuration Manager	Enter the Customer Identification Number, OracleMetalink User Name, Country code, and Click Next. The new screen prompts you to accept the license agreement. Click Accept license Agreement to accept the agreement. If you decline this agreement, then Oracle Configuration Manager is installed but not configured.
   Summary	Review the information displayed on this screen, and then click Install.
   Install	This screen displays status information while the product is installed.
   Configuration Assistants	This screen displays status information for the configuration assistants that configure the software and create a database. When the message is displayed at the end of this process, click OK to continue.
   Execute Configuration Scripts	When prompted, read the instructions and then run the scripts mentioned on this screen. Click OK to continue.
   End of Installation	The configuration assistants configure several Web-based applications, including Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control. This screen displays the URLs configured for these applications. Make a note of the URLs used. The port numbers used in these URLs are also recorded in the following file: oracle_home/install/portlist.ini To exit from Oracle Universal Installer, click Exit and then click Yes.

   
   

12 Installing Oracle Database Examples

If you plan to use the following products or features, then download and install the products from the Oracle Database Examples media:

• Oracle JDBC Development Drivers

• Oracle Database Examples

• Oracle Context Companion

• Various Oracle product demonstrations

For information about installing software and various Oracle product demonstrations from the Oracle Database Examples media, refer to .

簡要記錄下

下載的介質為

aix.ppc64_11gR1_database_1013_1of2.zip

aix.ppc64_11gR1_database_1013_2of2.zip

rootpre_aix.zip

unzip_aix.Z

解壓縮介質按以下步驟執行

uncompress unzip_aix.Z

複製unzip_aix到/usr/bin目錄下

unzip_aix  aix.ppc64_11gR1_database_1013_1of2.zip

unzip_aix  aix.ppc64_11gR1_database_1013_2of2.zip

unzip rootpre_aix.zip

安裝時一定要按照文件來執行,要不然會在安裝過程中出錯

注意必須設定

 /usr/sbin/chdev -l sys0 -a ncargs=128

要不然進行到安裝檢測硬體和軟體需求時會通不過