在Ubuntu上安裝MariaDB
MariaDB是一個開源的關係型資料庫管理系統,它最初被設計為一個向後相容的、二進位制的即插即用的替代MySQL的系統。 |
MariaDB由MySQL的原始開發者和開源社群開發和維護,這裡我們來介紹如何在Ubuntu 20.04上安裝和保護MariaDB安全配置。
安裝MariaDB
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo apt update wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo apt install mariadb-server
安裝完成後,MariaDB服務將自動啟動。
驗證資料庫伺服器執行狀態
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo systemctl status mariadb.service
檢視資料庫版本號
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ mysql --version mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.1.44-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.2
MariaDB安全配置,初始化資料
MariaDB伺服器軟體包自帶一個名為mysql_secure_installation的 ,可以輕鬆提高資料庫伺服器的安全性。
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): 直接回車 OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. You already have a root password set, so you can safely answer 'n'. Change the root password? [Y/n] y 設定root使用者密碼 New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y 刪除匿名使用者 ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y 禁止root原創連線 ... Success! By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y 刪除預設的test資料庫名 - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y 重新整理立即生效 ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!
本地root使用者登入
與MariaDB互動操作,執行時會提示輸入系統使用者名稱的密碼
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo mysql [sudo] wuxiangping 的密碼: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 49 Server version: 10.1.44-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Ubuntu 18.04 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
授權MariaDB指定主機遠端訪問
預設監聽埠是127.0.0.1,需要修改為主機IP
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf bind-address=127.0.0.1 修改為 bind-address=192.168.3.22
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [mysql]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.3.8' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> select host, user from user; #檢視MySQL資料庫user表
重啟mariadb服務
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo systemctl restart mariadb.service
遠端主機連線測試
連線成功!
原文地址:
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ,連結:http://blog.itpub.net/31559985/viewspace-2696107/,如需轉載,請註明出處,否則將追究法律責任。
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