LeetCode 156 Binary Tree Upside Down
Given a binary tree where all the right nodes are either leaf nodes with a sibling (a left node that shares the same parent node) or empty, flip it upside down and turn it into a tree where the original right nodes turned into left leaf nodes. Return the new root.
Example:
Input: [1,2,3,4,5]
1
/
2 3
/
4 5
Output: return the root of the binary tree [4,5,2,#,#,3,1]
翻轉以後如下:
4
/
5 2
/
3 1
解題思路:
翻轉的形式一開始不是很清楚,但是discuss裡面的高票答案給了一個很好的解釋。看例子,樹的左邊最深的底層是4,4是新的root。對於每個root node,將連結右孩子的指標去掉,將root node變為當前左孩子的left node,root node成為左孩子的right node。
1
/ x
2 -- 3
/ x
4 -- 5
^
new root
遞迴的寫法:
public TreeNode upsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null || root.left == null) {
return root;
}
//遞迴呼叫得到新的root,並且沿途改變結構。
TreeNode newRoot = upsideDownBinaryTree(root.left);
root.left.left = root.right;
root.left.right = root;
//千萬記得將root node 的左右兩邊設為null
root.left = null;
root.right = null;
return newRoot;
}
遍歷的解法
遍歷的解法需要四個指標,如圖所示,每次先update next,然後對swap上一個node的右孩子和這個node的左孩子,所以每次我們需要一個temp來記錄上一個node的右邊孩子。
prev -> 1
/ x
curr -> 2 -- 3 <-temp
/ x
next-> 4 -- 5
^
new root
程式碼如下
public TreeNode upsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root) {
//iterative
TreeNode curr = root;
TreeNode prev = null;
TreeNode next = null;
TreeNode temp = null;
while(curr != null) {
next = curr.left;
//swap nodes, we need to keep a temp to track the right node
curr.left = temp;
temp = curr.right;
curr.right = prev;
prev = curr;
curr = next;
}
return prev;