一 、心得
二、遊戲例項
三、程式碼
一、心得
在學習Java的過程中，難免會遇到很多的問題，這些問題可能會困擾你許久，為此我有個Java學習交流群（ 925050116），裡面都是CSDN的小夥伴，大家互相學習互相交流共同進步，每日分享不同的學習資料。
百度盤連結
連結： 密碼：9ujo
二、遊戲例項
遊戲截圖
目錄結構
三、程式碼
1、主介面 Tetris.java
package com.hsj.tetris;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
/**
* 俄羅斯方塊遊戲皮膚
*
*/
public class Tetris extends JPanel {
/** 正在下落方塊 */
private Tetromino tetromino;
/** 下一個下落方塊 */
private Tetromino nextOne;
/** 行數 */
public static final int ROWS = 20;
/** 列數 */
public static final int COLS = 10;
/** 牆 */
private Cell[][] wall = new Cell[ROWS][COLS];
/** 消掉的行數 */
private int lines;
/** 分數 */
private int score;
public static final int CELL_SIZE = 26;
private static Image background;//背景圖片
public static Image I;
public static Image J;
public static Image L;
public static Image S;
public static Image Z;
public static Image O;
public static Image T;
static{//載入靜態資源的，載入圖片
//建議將圖片放到 Tetris.java 同包中!
//從包中載入圖片物件，使用Swing API實現
// Toolkit toolkit = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
// background = toolkit.getImage(
// Tetris.class.getResource("tetris.png"));
// T = toolkit.getImage(Tetris.class.getResource("T.png"));
// S = toolkit.getImage(Tetris.class.getResource("S.png"));
// Z = toolkit.getImage(Tetris.class.getResource("Z.png"));
// L = toolkit.getImage(Tetris.class.getResource("L.png"));
// J = toolkit.getImage(Tetris.class.getResource("J.png"));
// I = toolkit.getImage(Tetris.class.getResource("I.png"));
// O = toolkit.getImage(Tetris.class.getResource("O.png"));
//import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
try{
background = ImageIO.read(
Tetris.class.getResource("tetris.png"));
T=ImageIO.read(Tetris.class.getResource("T.png"));
I=ImageIO.read(Tetris.class.getResource("I.png"));
S=ImageIO.read(Tetris.class.getResource("S.png"));
Z=ImageIO.read(Tetris.class.getResource("Z.png"));
L=ImageIO.read(Tetris.class.getResource("L.png"));
J=ImageIO.read(Tetris.class.getResource("J.png"));
O=ImageIO.read(Tetris.class.getResource("O.png"));
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void action(){
//tetromino = Tetromino.randomTetromino();
//nextOne = Tetromino.randomTetromino();
//wall[19][2] = new Cell(19,2,Tetris.T);
startAction();
repaint();
KeyAdapter l = new KeyAdapter() {
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int key = e.getKeyCode();
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_Q){
System.exit(0);//退出當前的Java程式
}
if(gameOver){
if(key==KeyEvent.VK_S){
startAction();
}
return;
}
//如果暫停並且按鍵是[C]就繼續動作
if(pause){//pause = false
if(key==KeyEvent.VK_C){ continueAction(); }
return;
}
//否則處理其它按鍵
switch(key){
case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT: moveRightAction(); break;
case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT: moveLeftAction(); break;
case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN: softDropAction() ; break;
case KeyEvent.VK_UP: rotateRightAction() ; break;
case KeyEvent.VK_Z: rotateLeftAction() ; break;
case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE: hardDropAction() ; break;
case KeyEvent.VK_P: pauseAction() ; break;
}
repaint();
}
};
this.requestFocus();
this.addKeyListener(l);
}
public void paint(Graphics g){
g.drawImage(background, 0, 0, null);//使用this 作為觀察者
g.translate(15, 15);//平移繪圖座標系
paintTetromino(g);//繪製正在下落的方塊
paintWall(g);//畫牆
paintNextOne(g);
paintScore(g);
}
public static final int FONT_COLOR = 0x667799;
public static final int FONT_SIZE = 0x20;
private void paintScore(Graphics g) {
Font f = getFont();//獲取當前的 皮膚預設字型
Font font = new Font(
f.getName(), Font.BOLD, FONT_SIZE);
int x = 290;
int y = 162;
g.setColor(new Color(FONT_COLOR));
g.setFont(font);
String str = "SCORE:"+this.score;
g.drawString(str, x, y);
y+=56;
str = "LINES:"+this.lines;
g.drawString(str, x, y);
y+=56;
str = "[P]Pause";
if(pause){str = "[C]Continue";}
if(gameOver){ str = "[S]Start!";}
g.drawString(str, x, y);
}
private void paintNextOne(Graphics g) {
Cell[] cells = nextOne.getCells();
for(int i=0; i<cells.length; i++){
Cell c = cells[i];
int x = (c.getCol()+10) * CELL_SIZE-1;
int y = (c.getRow()+1) * CELL_SIZE-1;
g.drawImage(c.getImage(), x, y, null);
}
}
private void paintTetromino(Graphics g) {
Cell[] cells = tetromino.getCells();
for(int i=0; i<cells.length; i++){
Cell c = cells[i];
int x = c.getCol() * CELL_SIZE-1;
int y = c.getRow() * CELL_SIZE-1;
//g.setColor(new Color(c.getColor()));
//g.fillRect(x, y, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE);
g.drawImage(c.getImage(), x, y, null);
}
}
//在 Tetris 類 中新增 方法 paintWall
private void paintWall(Graphics g){
for(int row=0; row<wall.length; row++){
//迭代每一行, i = 0 1 2 ... 19
Cell[] line = wall[row];
//line.length = 10
for(int col=0; col<line.length; col++){
Cell cell = line[col];
int x = col*CELL_SIZE;
int y = row*CELL_SIZE;
if(cell==null){
//g.setColor(new Color(0));
//畫方形
//g.drawRect(x, y, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE);
}else{
g.drawImage(cell.getImage(), x-1, y-1, null);
}
}
}
}
/**
* 在 Tetris(俄羅斯方塊) 類中增加方法
* 這個方法的功能是：軟下落的動作 控制流程
* 完成功能：如果能夠下落就下落，否則就著陸到牆上，
* 而新的方塊出現並開始落下。
*/
public void softDropAction(){
if(tetrominoCanDrop()){
tetromino.softDrop();
}else{
tetrominoLandToWall();
destroyLines();//破壞滿的行
checkGameOver();
tetromino = nextOne;
nextOne = Tetromino.randomTetromino();
}
}
/** 銷燬已經滿的行，並且計分
* 1）迭代每一行
* 2）如果（檢查）某行滿是格子了 就銷燬這行
**/
public void destroyLines(){
int lines = 0;
for(int row = 0; row<wall.length; row++){
if(fullCells(row)){
deleteRow(row);
lines++;
}
}
// lines = ?
this.lines += lines;//0 1 2 3 4
this.score += SCORE_TABLE[lines];
}
private static final int[] SCORE_TABLE={0,1,10,30,200};
// 0 1 2 3 4
public boolean fullCells(int row){
Cell[] line = wall[row];
for(int i=0; i<line.length; i++){
if(line[i]==null){//如果有空格式就不是滿行
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
public void deleteRow(int row){
for(int i=row; i>=1; i--){
//複製 [i-1] -> [i]
System.arraycopy(wall[i-1], 0, wall[i], 0, COLS);
}
Arrays.fill(wall[0], null);
}
/** 檢查當前的4格方塊能否繼續下落 */
public boolean tetrominoCanDrop(){
Cell[] cells = tetromino.getCells();
for(int i = 0; i<cells.length; i++){
Cell cell = cells[i];
int row = cell.getRow(); int col = cell.getCol();
if(row == ROWS-1){return false;}//到底就不能下降了
}
for(int i = 0; i<cells.length; i++){
Cell cell = cells[i];
int row = cell.getRow(); int col = cell.getCol();
if(wall[row+1][col] != null){
return false;//下方牆上有方塊就不能下降了
}
}
return true;
}
/** 4格方塊著陸到牆上 */
public void tetrominoLandToWall(){
Cell[] cells = tetromino.getCells();
for(int i=0; i<cells.length; i++){
Cell cell = cells[i];
int row = cell.getRow();
int col = cell.getCol();
wall[row][col] = cell;
}
}
public void moveRightAction(){
tetromino.moveRight();
if(outOfBound() || coincide()){
tetromino.moveLeft();
}
}
public void moveLeftAction(){
tetromino.moveLeft();
if(outOfBound() || coincide()){
tetromino.moveRight();
}
}
/** ... */
private boolean outOfBound(){
Cell[] cells = tetromino.getCells();
for(int i=0; i<cells.length; i++){
Cell cell = cells[i];
int col = cell.getCol();
if(col<0 || col>=COLS){
return true;//出界了
}
}
return false;
}
private boolean coincide(){
Cell[] cells = tetromino.getCells();
//for each 迴圈、迭代，簡化了"陣列迭代書寫"
for(Cell cell: cells){//Java 5 以後提供增強版for迴圈
int row = cell.getRow();
int col = cell.getCol();
if(row<0 || row>=ROWS || col<0 || col>=COLS ||
wall[row][col]!=null){
return true; //牆上有格子物件，發生重合
}
}
return false;
}
/** 向右旋轉動作 */
public void rotateRightAction(){
//旋轉之前
//System.out.println(tetromino);
tetromino.rotateRight();
//System.out.println(tetromino);
//旋轉之後
if(outOfBound() || coincide()){
tetromino.rotateLeft();
}
}
/** Tetris 類中新增的方法 */
public void rotateLeftAction(){
tetromino.rotateLeft();
if(outOfBound() || coincide()){
tetromino.rotateRight();
}
}
public void hardDropAction(){
while(tetrominoCanDrop()){
tetromino.softDrop();
}
tetrominoLandToWall();
destroyLines();
checkGameOver();
tetromino = nextOne;
nextOne = Tetromino.randomTetromino();
}
private boolean pause;
private boolean gameOver;
private Timer timer;
/** Tetris 類中新增的方法, 用於啟動遊戲 */
public void startAction(){
clearWall();
tetromino = Tetromino.randomTetromino();
nextOne = Tetromino.randomTetromino();
lines = 0; score = 0; pause=false; gameOver=false;
timer = new Timer();
timer.schedule(new TimerTask(){
public void run() {
softDropAction();
repaint();
}
}, 700, 700);
}
private void clearWall(){
//將牆的每一行的每個格子清理為null
for(int row=0; row<ROWS; row++){
Arrays.fill(wall[row], null);
}
}
/** 在Tetris 類中新增方法 */
public void pauseAction(){
timer.cancel(); //停止定時器
pause = true;
repaint();
}
public void continueAction(){
timer = new Timer();
timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
public void run() {
softDropAction();
repaint();
}
}, 700, 700);
pause = false;
repaint();
}
/** 在 Tetris 類中新增 方法 */
public void checkGameOver(){
if(wall[0][4]==null){
return;
}
gameOver = true;
timer.cancel();
repaint();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
Tetris tetris = new Tetris();
frame.add(tetris);
frame.setSize(525, 550);
frame.setUndecorated(false);//true去掉視窗框！
frame.setTitle("俄羅斯方塊");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//Location 位置 RelativeTo相對於
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);//使當前視窗居中
frame.setVisible(true);
tetris.action();
}
}
二、Cell.java
package com.fry.tetris;
import java.awt.Image;
/**
* 格子
* 每一個小格子，就有所在的行 列 和圖片
*/
public class Cell {
private int row;
private int col;
//private int color;
private Image image;//格子的貼圖
public Cell() {
}
public Cell(int row, int col, Image image) {
super();
this.row = row;
this.col = col;
this.image = image;
}
public int getRow() {
return row;
}
public void setRow(int row) {
this.row = row;
}
public int getCol() {
return col;
}
public void setCol(int col) {
this.col = col;
}
public Image getImage() {
return image;
}
public void setImage(Image image) {
this.image = image;
}
public void moveRight(){
col++;
//System.out.println("Cell moveRight()" + col);
}
public void moveLeft(){
col--;
}
public void moveDown(){
row++;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "["+row+","+col+"]";
}
}
三、功能實現 Tetromino.java
package com.fry.tetris;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* 4格方塊
*/
public class Tetromino {
protected Cell[] cells = new Cell[4];
/** 儲存旋轉的相對於軸位置狀態 */
protected State[] states;
/** 隨機生成 4格方塊, 使用簡單工廠方法模式!
* randomTetromino 隨機生成一個四格方塊
* 這個方面的返回值是多型的!
* */
public static Tetromino randomTetromino(){
Random r = new Random();
int type = r.nextInt(7);
switch(type){
case 0: return new T();
case 1: return new I();
case 2: return new J();
case 3: return new L();
case 4: return new O();
case 5: return new S();
case 6: return new Z();
}
return null;
}
public Cell[] getCells() {
return cells;
}
/** 下落 */
public void softDrop(){
for(int i=0; i<cells.length; i++){
cells[i].moveDown();
}
}
public void moveRight(){
//System.out.println("moveRight()");
for(int i=0; i<cells.length; i++){
this.cells[i].moveRight();
}
}
public void moveLeft(){
for(int i=0; i<cells.length; i++){
cells[i].moveLeft();
}
}
private int index = 100000;
/** 在 Tetromino 上新增方法 */
public void rotateRight() {
index++;//index = 10001
// index % states.length = 10001 % 4 = 1
State s = states[index%states.length];//s1
// [0] + s1 = [1]
Cell o = cells[0];//獲取當前的軸
//軸與相對位置的和作為旋轉以後的格子位置
cells[1].setRow(o.getRow()+s.row1);
cells[1].setCol(o.getCol()+s.col1);
cells[2].setRow(o.getRow()+s.row2);
cells[2].setCol(o.getCol()+s.col2);
cells[3].setRow(o.getRow()+s.row3);
cells[3].setCol(o.getCol()+s.col3);
}
/** 在 Tetromino 上新增方法 */
public void rotateLeft() {
index--;//index = 10001
// index % states.length = 10001 % 4 = 1
State s = states[index%states.length];//s1
// [0] + s1 = [1]
Cell o = cells[0];//獲取當前的軸
cells[1].setRow(o.getRow()+s.row1);
cells[1].setCol(o.getCol()+s.col1);
cells[2].setRow(o.getRow()+s.row2);
cells[2].setCol(o.getCol()+s.col2);
cells[3].setRow(o.getRow()+s.row3);
cells[3].setCol(o.getCol()+s.col3);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return Arrays.toString(cells);
}
/** Tetromino 類中新增的 內部類 用於記錄旋轉狀態 */
protected class State{
int row0,col0,row1,col1,row2,col2,row3,col3;
public State(int row0, int col0, int row1, int col1,
int row2, int col2,
int row3, int col3) {
this.row0 = row0;
this.col0 = col0;
this.row1 = row1;
this.col1 = col1;
this.row2 = row2;
this.col2 = col2;
this.row3 = row3;
this.col3 = col3;
}
}
}//Tetromino 類的結束
class T extends Tetromino{
public T() {
cells[0] = new Cell(0, 4, Tetris.T);
cells[1] = new Cell(0, 3, Tetris.T);
cells[2] = new Cell(0, 5, Tetris.T);
cells[3] = new Cell(1, 4, Tetris.T);
states = new State[]{
new State(0,0, 0,-1, 0,1, 1, 0),
new State(0,0, -1,0, 1,0, 0,-1),
new State(0,0, 0,1, 0,-1, -1,0),
new State(0,0, 1,0, -1,0, 0,1)};
}
}
class I extends Tetromino{
public I() {
cells[0] = new Cell(0, 4, Tetris.I);
cells[1] = new Cell(0, 3, Tetris.I);
cells[2] = new Cell(0, 5, Tetris.I);
cells[3] = new Cell(0, 6, Tetris.I);
states = new State[]{
new State(0,0, 0,1, 0,-1, 0,-2),
new State(0,0, -1,0, 1,0,2,0)};
}
}
class L extends Tetromino {
public L() {
cells[0] = new Cell(0, 4, Tetris.L);
cells[1] = new Cell(0, 3, Tetris.L);
cells[2] = new Cell(0, 5, Tetris.L);
cells[3] = new Cell(1, 3, Tetris.L);
states = new State[]{
new State(0,0, 0,-1, 0,1, 1,-1 ),
new State(0,0, -1,0, 1,0, -1,-1),
new State(0,0, 0,1, 0,-1, -1,1),
new State(0,0, 1,0, -1,0, 1,1)};
}
}
class J extends Tetromino {
public J() {
cells[0] = new Cell(0, 4, Tetris.J);
cells[1] = new Cell(0, 3, Tetris.J);
cells[2] = new Cell(0, 5, Tetris.J);
cells[3] = new Cell(1, 5, Tetris.J);
states = new State[]{
new State(0,0, 0,-1, 0,1, 1,1),
new State(0,0, -1,0, 1,0, 1,-1),
new State(0,0, 0,1, 0,-1, -1,-1),
new State(0,0, 1,0, -1,0, -1,1 )};
}
}
class S extends Tetromino {
public S() {
cells[0] = new Cell(0, 4, Tetris.S);
cells[1] = new Cell(0, 5, Tetris.S);
cells[2] = new Cell(1, 3, Tetris.S);
cells[3] = new Cell(1, 4, Tetris.S);
states = new State[]{
new State(0,0, 0,1, 1,-1, 1,0 ),
new State(0,0, -1,0, 1,1, 0,1 )};
}
}
class Z extends Tetromino {
public Z() {
cells[0] = new Cell(1, 4, Tetris.Z);
cells[1] = new Cell(0, 3, Tetris.Z);
cells[2] = new Cell(0, 4, Tetris.Z);
cells[3] = new Cell(1, 5, Tetris.Z);
states = new State[]{
new State(0,0, -1,-1, -1,0, 0,1 ),
new State(0,0, -1,1, 0,1, 1,0 )};
}
}
class O extends Tetromino {
public O() {
cells[0] = new Cell(0, 4, Tetris.O);
cells[1] = new Cell(0, 5, Tetris.O);
cells[2] = new Cell(1, 4, Tetris.O);
cells[3] = new Cell(1, 5, Tetris.O);
states = new State[]{
new State(0,0, 0,1, 1,0, 1,1 ),
new State(0,0, 0,1, 1,0, 1,1 )};
}
}