參考連結：
https://blog.csdn.net/enson16855/article/details/52205044
在編譯高版本gcc，執行下面配置命令時，
../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.2.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
報錯如下：
adams@adams-pc:~/tmp/gcc/gcc-10.2.0/build$ ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.2.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether ln works... yes checking whether ln -s works... yes checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sed checking for gawk... gawk checking for libatomic support... yes checking for libitm support... yes checking for libsanitizer support... yes checking for libvtv support... yes checking for libhsail-rt support... yes checking for libphobos support... yes checking for gcc... gcc checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking for suffix of executables... checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking for g++... g++ checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc... yes checking for gnatbind... no checking for gnatmake... no checking whether compiler driver understands Ada... no checking how to compare bootstrapped objects... cmp --ignore-initial=16 $$f1 $$f2 checking for objdir... .libs checking for the correct version of gmp.h... yes checking for the correct version of mpfr.h... yes checking for the correct version of mpc.h... no configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+. Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify their locations. Source code for these libraries can be found at their respective hosting sites as well as at https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/. See also http://gcc.gnu.org/install/prerequisites.html for additional info. If you obtained GMP, MPFR and/or MPC from a vendor distribution package, make sure that you have installed both the libraries and the header files. They may be located in separate packages. adams@adams-pc:~/tmp/gcc/gcc-10.2.0/build$
根據報錯資訊可以知道，是GMP，MPFR和MPC版本太低導致的上述問題。
所以需要編譯出高版本，然後在編譯gcc時指定路徑，使其在編譯時可以找到高版本的庫以及標頭檔案。
GMP編譯
下載地址：
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gmp/
我們選擇gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2版本進行下載。
wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gmp/gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2 tar -vxf gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2 cd gmp-5.0.1/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 make sudo make install
MPFR編譯
下載地址：
https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpfr/
我們選擇mpfr-3.1.5.tar.xz版本進行下載。
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-3.1.5.tar.xz tar -vxf mpfr-3.1.5.tar.gz cd mpfr-3.1.5/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 make sudo make install
MPC編譯
下載地址：
http://www.multiprecision.org/mpc/download.html
我們選擇mpc-0.9.tar.gz版本進行下載。
wget http://www.multiprecision.org/downloads/mpc-0.9.tar.gz tar -vxf mpc-0.9.tar.gz cd mpc-0.9/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc-0.9 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 make sudo make install
這次就可以配置成功了！
../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.2.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-0.9 make make install
最後設定環境變數：
export PATH=/Bioinfo/SoftWare/gcc-4.8.5/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/Bioinfo/SoftWare/gcc-4.8.5/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
gnu-gmp安裝包下載_開源映象站-阿里雲 (aliyun.com)
gnu-mpfr安裝包下載_開源映象站-阿里雲 (aliyun.com)
gnu-mpc安裝包下載_開源映象站-阿里雲 (aliyun.com)
gnu-gcc-gcc-14.1.0安裝包下載_開源映象站-阿里雲 (aliyun.com)
參考：系統與編譯相關 - 非 root 使用者手動編譯安裝 GCC - 《技術私房菜》 - 極客文件 (geekdaxue.co)