描述
Given an array of integers, return indices of the two numbers such that they add up to a specific target.
You may assume that each input would have exactly one solution, and you may not use the same element twice.
Example:
Given nums = [2, 7, 11, 15], target = 9,
Because nums[0] + nums[1] = 2 + 7 = 9,
return [0, 1].複製程式碼
思路
先使用for
迴圈確定當前數字,再巢狀一個for
迴圈匹配第二個數字,一旦滿足要求,就進行返回。
class Solution {
public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
int[] out = new int[2];
for(int i =0;i<nums.length;i++){
boolean flag = false;
for(int j =i+1;j<nums.length;j++){
if(nums[i] + nums[j] == target){
out[0] = i;
out[1] = j;
flag = true;
break;
}
}
if(flag){
break;
}
}
return out;
}
}複製程式碼
可以暴力AC,但是時間複雜度和空間複雜度都不是很好。
Runtime: 59 ms, faster than 18.99% of Java online submissions for Two Sum.
Memory Usage: 39.3 MB, less than 6.43% of Java online submissions for Two Sum.
優化
看到問題討論區有使用map
作為輔助查詢工具的,可以大大提高資料檢索速度。
public int[] twoSum(int[] numbers, int target) {
int[] result = new int[2];
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {
if (map.containsKey(target - numbers[i])) {
result[1] = i;
result[0] = map.get(target - numbers[i]);
return result;
}
map.put(numbers[i], i);
}
return result;
}複製程式碼
該演算法的思路是:使用for
迴圈進行遍歷,當前資料為i所記錄的位置,但是不同的是它進行前向查詢,將當前資料和之前已經完成遍歷的資料匹配。這樣做的好處在於可以將已遍歷過的資料加入map
集合,方便進行比對、節約檢索時間和回退時間,且不會出現二次匹配成功的問題。
Runtime: 1 ms, faster than 99.90% of Java online submissions for Two Sum.
Memory Usage: 42.4 MB, less than 5.65% of Java online submissions for Two Sum.
可以看到時間複雜度大幅提高,空間開支增加。