前言
大家好，我是老馬。很高興遇到你。
我們為 java 開發者實現了 java 版本的 nginx
https://github.com/houbb/nginx4j
如果你想知道 servlet 如何處理的，可以參考我的另一個專案：
手寫從零實現簡易版 tomcat minicat
手寫 nginx 系列
如果你對 nginx 原理感興趣，可以閱讀：
從零手寫實現 nginx-01-為什麼不能有 java 版本的 nginx?
從零手寫實現 nginx-02-nginx 的核心能力
從零手寫實現 nginx-03-nginx 基於 Netty 實現
從零手寫實現 nginx-04-基於 netty http 出入參最佳化處理
從零手寫實現 nginx-05-MIME型別（Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions，多用途網際網路郵件擴充套件型別）
從零手寫實現 nginx-06-資料夾自動索引
從零手寫實現 nginx-07-大檔案下載
從零手寫實現 nginx-08-範圍查詢
從零手寫實現 nginx-09-檔案壓縮
從零手寫實現 nginx-10-sendfile 零複製
從零手寫實現 nginx-11-file+range 合併
從零手寫實現 nginx-12-keep-alive 連線複用
環境說明
本地 windows 使用 WSL
安裝預構建的 Ubuntu 包
NGINX 為以下 Ubuntu 作業系統提供包：
| 版本 | 代號 | 支援的平臺 |
|---|---|---|
| 20.04 | focal | x86_64, aarch64/arm64, s390x |
| 22.04 | jammy | x86_64, aarch64/arm64, s390x |
| 22.10 | kinetic | x86_64, aarch64/arm64 |
| 23.04 | lunar | x86_64, aarch64/arm64 |
可以從以下位置安裝該包：
-
預設的 Ubuntu 儲存庫。這是最快的方法，但通常提供的包已過時。
-
nginx.org 上的官方儲存庫。第一次必須設定 apt-get 儲存庫，但之後提供的包始終是最新的。
從 Ubuntu 儲存庫安裝預構建的 Ubuntu 包
- 更新 Ubuntu 儲存庫資訊：
sudo apt-get update
- 安裝包：
sudo apt-get install nginx
- 驗證安裝：
sudo nginx -v
日誌如下：
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0 (Ubuntu)
直接訪問
$ curl http://localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
常見操作命令
1. 檢視狀態
檢視 Nginx 狀態（檢查是否正在執行）：
sudo systemctl status nginx
如下：
nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Sat 2024-05-11 10:38:03 CST; 4min 2s ago
Docs: man:nginx(8)
Process: 1537 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 1538 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 1645 (nginx)
Tasks: 17 (limit: 9362)
Memory: 18.0M
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─1645 "nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;"
├─1648 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1649 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1650 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1651 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1652 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1653 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1654 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1655 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1656 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1657 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1658 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1659 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1660 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1661 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
├─1662 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
└─1663 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >
May 11 10:38:03 d systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
2. 啟停 nginx
啟動 Nginx
sudo systemctl start nginx
可以狀態確認：
$ sudo systemctl status nginx
$ sudo systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Sat 2024-05-11 10:44:40 CST; 11s ago
Docs: man:nginx(8)
Process: 3631 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 3632 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 3633 (nginx)
Tasks: 17 (limit: 9362)
Memory: 14.1M
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
...
停止 Nginx
sudo systemctl stop nginx
停止後檢視狀態：
$ sudo systemctl status nginx
○ nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since Sat 2024-05-11 10:43:42 CST; 2s ago
Docs: man:nginx(8)
Process: 3396 ExecStop=/sbin/start-stop-daemon --quiet --stop --retry QUIT/5 --pidfile /run/nginx.pid (code=exited,>
Main PID: 1645 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
May 11 10:38:03 d systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
May 11 10:38:03 d systemd[1]: Started A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.
May 11 10:43:42 d systemd[1]: Stopping A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
May 11 10:43:42 d systemd[1]: nginx.service: Deactivated successfully.
May 11 10:43:42 d systemd[1]: Stopped A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.
重啟
個人理解：重啟=關閉+啟動
sudo systemctl restart nginx
啟動時自動執行 nginx
作用：可以讓 ngix 是否在機器重啟後服務自動執行。
-
使 Nginx 在啟動時自動執行：
sudo systemctl enable nginx -
禁止 Nginx 在啟動時自動執行：
sudo systemctl disable nginx