在ubuntu中安裝nginx有兩種方式，分別是apt安裝和原始碼安裝，如果想要安裝最新版就需要下載原始碼編譯安裝。
apt安裝
sudo apt-get install nginx
複製程式碼/usr/sbin/nginx ： 主程式位置
/etc/nginx：nginx檔案配置
/usr/share/nginx：存放靜態檔案
/var/log/nginx：存放日誌
有關nginx對映配置檔案預設放在/etc/nginx/sites-available/中的default檔案，但為了方便管理，一般會在/etc/nginx/conf.d/中建立一個新的配置檔案。
使用apt安裝可以不用配置使用如下命令：
sudo service nginx {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status|configtest|rotate|upgrade}的命令啟動。
複製程式碼原始碼安裝
安裝nginx依賴庫
安裝gcc g++的依賴庫
apt-get install build-essential
apt-get install libtool
複製程式碼安裝 pcre依賴庫
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
複製程式碼安裝 zlib依賴庫
apt-get install zlib1g-dev
複製程式碼安裝 ssl依賴庫
apt-get install openssl
複製程式碼安裝nginx
#下載最新版本：
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.11.3.tar.gz
#解壓：
tar -zxvf nginx-1.11.3.tar.gz
#進入解壓目錄：
cd nginx-1.11.3
#配置：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
#編輯nginx：
make
注意：這裡可能會報錯，提示“pcre.h No such file or directory”,具體詳見：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22555561/error-building-fatal-error-pcre-h-no-such-file-or-directory
需要安裝 libpcre3-dev,命令為：sudo apt-get install libpcre3-dev
#安裝nginx：
sudo make install
#啟動nginx：
sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
注意：-c 指定配置檔案的路徑，不加的話，nginx會自動載入預設路徑的配置檔案，可以通過 -h檢視幫助命令。
#檢視nginx程式：
ps -ef|grep nginx
複製程式碼原始碼安裝時，啟用nginx需要使用/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
如果不輸入路徑需要配置軟連線即
sudo ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx
複製程式碼設定開機啟動
設定之前先來了解下update-rc.d命令， 該命令是用來自動的升級System V 型別初始化指令碼，就是你想要哪些東西在系統引導初始化時執行，那些東西是希望在關機或重啟時停止。
我們先要在/etc/init.d目錄下建立一個nginx的命令指令碼， 命令 sudo vi nginx 輸入以下內容
#!/bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: nginx
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog $named
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog $named
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description: starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
NAME=nginx
DESC=nginx
# Include nginx defaults if available
if [ -r /etc/default/nginx ]; then
. /etc/default/nginx
fi
STOP_SCHEDULE="${STOP_SCHEDULE:-QUIT/5/TERM/5/KILL/5}"
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
. /lib/init/vars.sh
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
# Try to extract nginx pidfile
PID=$(cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf | grep -Ev '^\s*#' | awk 'BEGIN { RS="[;{}]" } { if ($1 == "pid") print $2 }' | head -n1)
if [ -z "$PID" ]; then
PID=/run/nginx.pid
fi
if [ -n "$ULIMIT" ]; then
# Set ulimit if it is set in /etc/default/nginx
ulimit $ULIMIT
fi
start_nginx() {
# Start the daemon/service
#
# Returns:
# 0 if daemon has been started
# 1 if daemon was already running
# 2 if daemon could not be started
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PID --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \
|| return 1
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PID --exec $DAEMON -- \
$DAEMON_OPTS 2>/dev/null \
|| return 2
}
test_config() {
# Test the nginx configuration
$DAEMON -t $DAEMON_OPTS >/dev/null 2>&1
}
stop_nginx() {
# Stops the daemon/service
#
# Return
# 0 if daemon has been stopped
# 1 if daemon was already stopped
# 2 if daemon could not be stopped
# other if a failure occurred
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=$STOP_SCHEDULE --pidfile $PID --name $NAME
RETVAL="$?"
sleep 1
return "$RETVAL"
}
reload_nginx() {
# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service
start-stop-daemon --stop --signal HUP --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME
return 0
}
rotate_logs() {
# Rotate log files
start-stop-daemon --stop --signal USR1 --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME
return 0
}
upgrade_nginx() {
# Online upgrade nginx executable
# http://nginx.org/en/docs/control.html
#
# Return
# 0 if nginx has been successfully upgraded
# 1 if nginx is not running
# 2 if the pid files were not created on time
# 3 if the old master could not be killed
if start-stop-daemon --stop --signal USR2 --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME; then
# Wait for both old and new master to write their pid file
while [ ! -s "${PID}.oldbin" ] || [ ! -s "${PID}" ]; do
cnt=`expr $cnt + 1`
if [ $cnt -gt 10 ]; then
return 2
fi
sleep 1
done
# Everything is ready, gracefully stop the old master
if start-stop-daemon --stop --signal QUIT --quiet --pidfile "${PID}.oldbin" --name $NAME; then
return 0
else
return 3
fi
else
return 1
fi
}
case "$1" in
start)
log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
start_nginx
case "$?" in
0|1) log_end_msg 0 ;;
2) log_end_msg 1 ;;
esac
;;
stop)
log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
stop_nginx
case "$?" in
0|1) log_end_msg 0 ;;
2) log_end_msg 1 ;;
esac
;;
restart)
log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
# Check configuration before stopping nginx
if ! test_config; then
log_end_msg 1 # Configuration error
exit $?
fi
stop_nginx
case "$?" in
0|1)
start_nginx
case "$?" in
0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
*) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
esac
;;
*)
# Failed to stop
log_end_msg 1
;;
esac
;;
reload|force-reload)
log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC configuration" "$NAME"
# Check configuration before stopping nginx
#
# This is not entirely correct since the on-disk nginx binary
# may differ from the in-memory one, but that's not common.
# We prefer to check the configuration and return an error
# to the administrator.
if ! test_config; then
log_end_msg 1 # Configuration error
exit $?
fi
reload_nginx
log_end_msg $?
;;
configtest|testconfig)
log_daemon_msg "Testing $DESC configuration"
test_config
log_end_msg $?
;;
status)
status_of_proc -p $PID "$DAEMON" "$NAME" && exit 0 || exit $?
;;
upgrade)
log_daemon_msg "Upgrading binary" "$NAME"
upgrade_nginx
log_end_msg $?
;;
rotate)
log_daemon_msg "Re-opening $DESC log files" "$NAME"
rotate_logs
log_end_msg $?
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $NAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status|configtest|rotate|upgrade}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
複製程式碼然後設定服務有執行許可權並註冊服務
#設定服務指令碼有執行許可權
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
#註冊服務
cd /etc/init.d/
sudo update-rc.d nginx defaults
複製程式碼用sudo ps -ef | grep nginx檢視nginx程式情況。
如果要取消開機啟動可以這樣
update-rc.d -f nginx remove
現在安裝基本完成，便可以使用如下nginx命令
sudo service nginx {start|stop|restart|reload|forcereload|status|configtest|rotate|upgrade}
複製程式碼參考：
www.cnblogs.com/EasonJim/p/…
www.cnblogs.com/piscesLoveC…
www.cnblogs.com/wkun/p/3798…
新手上車，請多指教，如有問題，請聯絡本人：young5678@qq.com