2003 年考研英語真題 - 完型填空解析
Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. [1]
翻譯：教師應該瞭解青少年要經歷的情感、智力和身體上的變換。
1. be aware of 知道；瞭解；意識到。
2. that young adults experience. 是 that 引導的定語從句，修飾 the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes。
And they also need to give serious thought to how they can be best accommodate such changes. [2]
翻譯：他們也應該認真考慮青少年是如何適應這些變化的。
1. give thought to 考慮到。
2. how they can be best accommodate such changes. 是 how 引導的從句，作 give thought to 的賓語。
Growing bodies need movement and exercise, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. [3]
翻譯：長身體 需要運動和鍛鍊, 但並不僅是透過強調競爭的方式。
1. but 連線兩個並列句，第二個並列句省略了主謂（Growing bodies need）。
2. Growing bodies, 是動名詞作主語。
3. movement and exercise 運動和鍛鍊。
4. in ways (that...), 介詞短語作方式狀語；意思是：透過... 的方式。
5. that emphasize competition. 是 that 引導的定語從句，修身 ways。
Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others. [4]
翻譯：因為青少年正在適應新的身體狀況和智力、情感方面的諸多挑戰，所以他們的自我意識很強，並且需要源自於獲得成功和知道別人羨慕自己成就的信心。
1. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, 是 because 引導的原因狀語從句。
2. adjust to 調節；調整以適應。
3. a whole host of 大量的。
4. teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence (that...), 是主句。
5. self-conscious 自覺的，刻意的；難為情的。
6. that comes from achieving success and knowing (that...), 是 that 引導的定語從句，修飾 the confidence。
7. comes from 來自；出生於。
8. achieve success 取得成功；獲得成功。
9. that their accomplishments are admired by others. 是 that 引導的從句，作 knowing 的賓語。
10. be admired by 受到… 的欽佩；得到… 的讚賞；被… 羨慕。
However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. [5]
翻譯：然而，典型的青少年的生活已經充滿了如此多的競爭以至於為他們安排一些贏家多於輸家的活動是明智的；例如，出版由學生自己撰編書評的新聞小冊子，展覽學生的藝術品和贊助讀書俱樂部等等。
1. 該句子的主幹為：the...lifestyle is...filled with so... that...。
2. so...that..., 如此… 以致…；that 引導的從句 (that it would be wise to plan activities)，作結果狀語。
3. typical lifestyle 典型的生活方式。
4. be filled with 被… 充滿。
5. in which there are more winners than losers, 是 in+which 引導的定語從句，修飾 activities。
6. for example 例如。
7. publishing newsletters..., displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. 是三個動名詞短語，作 activities 的同位語，對其舉例說明。
8. with many student-written book reviews, 介詞短語作定語，修飾 newsletters。
9. book review 書評。
10. book discussion club 讀書會；讀書討論俱樂部。
A variety of small clubs can provide multiple opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful group dynamics. [6]
翻譯：各種各樣的小型俱樂部能提供多種機會來培養他們的領導才能，也有機會在成功的團隊活動中提供實踐。
1. A variety of 種種；各種各樣的…。
2. provide for 供養，供給；規定；為… 作準備。
3. provide sth for sb 為了某人提供某物。
4. as well as 也；和… 一樣；不但… 而且。
5. group dynamic 群體動力；團隊活動。
Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adult barely visible in the background. [7]
翻譯：對青少年來講，結交朋友尤為重要；許多靦腆的學生需要從有成年人無形站在幕後支援的組織中獲取安全感。
1. and 連線兩個並列句。
2. Making friends, 是動名詞短語作主語。
3. be important to 對… 重要。
4. of some kind of organization /with a supportive adult /in the background, 介詞短語作定語，修飾 the security /organization /a supportive adult。
5. (barely) visible, 是形容詞作定語，修飾 a supportive adult。
In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have short attention spans. [8]
翻譯：在這些活動中，重要的一點是要記住年輕人注意力保持集中的時間較短。
1. In these activities, 介詞短語作地點狀語。
2. it 是形式主語，代指後面的 to do 不定式短語（to remember that...）。
3. that the young teens have short attention spans. 是 that 引導的從句，作不定式 to remember 的賓語。
4. attention span 注意廣度；注意力的持續時間。
A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down. [9]
翻譯：應當組織各種各樣活動，以便讓參與者隨心隨意地保持活躍，並且在他們轉而從事其他活動時既不感到內疚，也不會讓其他參與者感到失望。
1. 該句子的主幹為：A variety of activities should be organized so that...；其中 so that 引導從句，作目的狀語。
2. A variety of 種種；各種各樣的…。
3. be organized 被組織。
4. so that 引導的從句中，有 and 連線的兩個並列句，其中第二個並列句省略了 participants can。
5. remain active 保持活躍；保持積極。
6. as long as they want, 是 as long as 引導的條件狀語從句。
7. go on to 接著，繼續去入；延續到。
8. without feeling guilty /without letting the other participants down. 是介詞短語作伴隨狀語。
9. feel guilty 感到內疚。
10. let down 使失望；放下；辜負；減速下降。
This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. [10]
翻譯：這並不意味著成年人就沒有責任（必須接受不負責任）。
1. that adults must accept irresponsibility. 是 that 引導的從句，作 mean 的賓語。
On the contrary they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by planning for roles that are within their capabilities and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules. [11]
翻譯：相反，成人可以透過設計一些不超過學生的能力範圍和注意力時限的角色，以及透過對規則的清晰闡述，來幫助學生獲得一種責任感。
1. On the contrary 相反。
2. help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做某事。
3. a sense of 一種… 的感覺。
4. by planning for roles (...) /by having clearly stated rules. 是介詞短語作方式狀語。
5. that are within their capabilities and their attention spans, 是 that 引導的定語從句，修飾 roles。
6. plan for 為… 計劃 / 規劃 / 設計。
7. within their capabilities and their attention spans, 是介詞短語作表語。
8. attention span 注意廣度；注意力的持續時間。