獻給移動端的伺服器搭建
移動端進階之選:移動端開發者也能輕鬆搭建的伺服器
前言:
筆者最近收到了挺多客戶端的留言,客戶端在等待後臺介面的時候遙遙無期,其實客戶端只需要幾步就能簡單搭建一個後臺,用於除錯介面的,本期就簡單搭建一個後臺,用於客戶端除錯介面。相關程式碼已放於
1.基礎框架搭建:
使用開發工具IDEA,新建一個spring-boot專案:
下載Ultimate版本
下載對應的JDK版本即可
點選finish後,一個sping-boot的基礎專案已經建立好了。
2.專案啟動:
TestApplication直接run就能啟動專案了的
application.properties這個是專案的一些配置,舉例一下預設是8080埠,我們如果想改下埠的話,就可以在配置增加
server.port: 8089
這樣子啟動的時候埠就更改了的
專案的請求地址為:
3.一個簡單的介面開發:
如圖建立對應的目錄以及建立對應的實體類:
在專案啟動類 TestApplication設定HttpMessageConverters的JSON格式輸出為fastjson:
package com.example.test;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConverters;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@SpringBootApplication
public class TestApplication {
/**
* JSON格式輸出使用fastjson
* @return
*/
@Bean
public HttpMessageConverters fastJsonHttpMessageConverters() {
FastJsonHttpMessageConverter fastConverter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();
FastJsonConfig fastJsonConfig = new FastJsonConfig();
fastJsonConfig.setSerializerFeatures(SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat,SerializerFeature.DisableCircularReferenceDetect,SerializerFeature.WriteNullStringAsEmpty);
//時間格式化
fastJsonConfig.setDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
fastConverter.setFastJsonConfig(fastJsonConfig);
//由於新版本fastjson設定了MediaType為'/',所以需要手動加入所需的MediaType
List<MediaType> supportedMediaTypes = new ArrayList<>();
//增加JSON的MediaType
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
//下面的都是擴充套件的
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_ATOM_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_RSS_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XHTML_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_GIF);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.IMAGE_PNG);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_EVENT_STREAM);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_HTML);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_MARKDOWN);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_XML);
fastConverter.setSupportedMediaTypes(supportedMediaTypes);
fastConverter.setFastJsonConfig(fastJsonConfig);
//將fastjson新增到檢視訊息轉換器列表內
return new HttpMessageConverters(fastConverter);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
}
}
pom.xml裡面的dependencies增加如下配置:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
建立響應的基礎DTO(entity目錄):
在entity檔案目錄單擊右鍵
建立名為ResponseDTO的實體類並且實現序列化(Serializable 可以使你將一個物件的狀態寫入一個Byte 流裡(序列化),並且可以從其它地方把該Byte 流裡的資料讀出來(反序列化))
package com.example.test.entity;
import com.example.test.enums.ResponseEnum;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @author Dwyane.
* @date 2018-11-12
*/
public class ResponseDTO<T> implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -4109110629830724000L;
/**
* 響應code
*/
private String responseCode;
/**
* 響應描述
*/
private String responseDesc;
/**
* 響應的內容
*/
private T data;
private ResponseDTO() {
}
public ResponseDTO(ResponseEnum responseEnum) {
this(responseEnum, null);
}
public ResponseDTO(String responseCode, String responseDesc) {
this.responseCode = responseCode;
this.responseDesc = responseDesc;
}
public ResponseDTO(T data, ResponseEnum responseEnum) {
this(responseEnum);
this.data = data;
}
public ResponseDTO(T data, String responseCode, String responseDesc) {
this.responseCode = responseCode;
this.responseDesc = responseDesc;
this.data = data;
}
public ResponseDTO(ResponseEnum responseEnum, String extend) {
if (responseEnum != null) {
this.responseCode = responseEnum.getResponseCode();
this.responseDesc = responseEnum.getResponseDesc() + (extend == null ? "" : "(" + extend + ")");
}
}
public static <T> ResponseDTO<T> buildSuccess(T data) {
return new ResponseDTO<>(data, ResponseEnum.SUCCESS);
}
public static <T> ResponseDTO<T> buildSuccess() {
return new ResponseDTO<>(ResponseEnum.SUCCESS);
}
public static <T> ResponseDTO<T> buildFail() {
return new ResponseDTO<>(ResponseEnum.FAIL);
}
public static <T> ResponseDTO<T> buildError() {
return new ResponseDTO<>(ResponseEnum.ERROR);
}
public static <T> ResponseDTO<T> buildEnum(T data, ResponseEnum responseEnum) {
return new ResponseDTO<>(data, responseEnum);
}
public static <T> ResponseDTO<T> buildEnum(ResponseEnum responseEnum) {
return new ResponseDTO<>(responseEnum);
}
public String getResponseCode() {
return this.responseCode;
}
public void setResponseCode(String responseCode) {
this.responseCode = responseCode;
}
public String getResponseDesc() {
return this.responseDesc;
}
public void setResponseDesc(String responseDesc) {
this.responseDesc = responseDesc;
}
public T getData() {
return this.data;
}
public void setData(T date) {
this.data = date;
}
}
建立響應的基礎列舉(enums目錄):
在enums檔案目錄單擊右鍵建立class時選擇Enum的列舉類
package com.example.test.enums;
/**
* @author Dwyane.
* @date 2018-11-12
*/
public enum ResponseEnum {
SUCCESS("0000","成功"),
ERROR("9999","伺服器異常"),
FAIL("9998","失敗"),
;
/**
* 返回程式碼
*/
public String responseCode;
/**
* 返回描述
*/
public String responseDesc;
ResponseEnum(String responseCode, String responseDesc) {
this.responseCode = responseCode;
this.responseDesc = responseDesc;
}
/**
* 獲取 返回程式碼
*
* @return 返回程式碼
*/
public String getResponseCode() {
return this.responseCode;
}
/**
* 獲取 返回描述
*
* @return 返回描述
*/
public String getResponseDesc() {
return this.responseDesc;
}
}
建立請求的實體類和響應的實體類(entity目錄下的member目錄):
package com.example.test.entity.member;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
/**
* @author Dwyane.
* @date 2018-11-9
*/
public class LoginRequestDTO {
@NotNull
private String mobile;
@NotNull
private String pwd;
public String getMobile() {
return mobile;
}
public void setMobile(String mobile) {
this.mobile = mobile;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
}
package com.example.test.entity.member;
/**
* @author Dwyane.
* @date 2018-11-9
*/
public class LoginResponseDTO {
private String mobile;
private String name;
public String getMobile() {
return mobile;
}
public void setMobile(String mobile) {
this.mobile = mobile;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
建立一個controller(controller目錄):
package com.example.test.controller;
import com.example.test.entity.ResponseDTO;
import com.example.test.entity.member.LoginRequestDTO;
import com.example.test.entity.member.LoginResponseDTO;
import com.example.test.enums.ResponseEnum;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.validation.Valid;
/**
* @author Dwyane.
* @date 2018-11-12
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/member")
public class MemberController {
@PostMapping("/login")
public ResponseDTO<LoginResponseDTO> login(@Valid @RequestBody LoginRequestDTO requestDTO) throws Exception{
//todo 校驗賬號密碼
//校驗好了,返回使用者資訊給到客戶端
LoginResponseDTO response = new LoginResponseDTO();
response.setMobile(requestDTO.getMobile());
response.setName("test");
return new ResponseDTO<>(response, ResponseEnum.SUCCESS);
}
}
4.test介面除錯:
在test目錄下建立一個簡單的除錯類:
package com.example.test;
import com.example.test.entity.member.LoginRequestDTO;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class TestApplicationTests {
@Autowired
protected TestRestTemplate restTemplate;
/**
* 登入單元測試
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void login() throws Exception {
LoginRequestDTO requestDTO = new LoginRequestDTO();
requestDTO.setMobile("12345678910");
requestDTO.setPwd("123");
HttpEntity<LoginRequestDTO> formEntity = new HttpEntity<>(requestDTO, new HttpHeaders());
ResponseEntity<String> exchange = restTemplate.exchange("/member/login",
HttpMethod.POST, formEntity, String.class);
System.err.println(exchange.getBody());
}
}
直接單擊右鍵測試類run即可:
{"responseDesc":"成功","data":{"mobile":"12345678910","name":"test"},"responseCode":"0000"}
這樣一個簡單的介面呼叫專案已經完成了。
iOS 開發者也可以用以下 swift 程式碼請求介面(安卓請求也簡單,在此不予列出)
// 輸入自己電腦連線的ip , 我的是以下ip ,其中 8089 是埠號
var urlStr = "http://192.168.1.113:8089/member/login"
var url:NSURL! = NSURL(string: urlStr)
let request:NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(url: url as URL)
//設定為POST請求
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("text/html", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
//設定引數
var params = "{'mobile':122, 'pwd':112}"
let data = params.data(using: .utf8)
request.httpBody = data
//預設session配置
let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default
let session = URLSession(configuration: config)
//發起請求
let dataTask = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest) { (data, response, error) in
// let str:String! = String(data: data!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
// print("str:/(str)")
//轉Json
let jsonData:NSDictionary = try! JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!, options: .mutableContainers) as! NSDictionary
print(jsonData)
}
//請求開始
dataTask.resume()
得出如下結果:
{
data = {
mobile = 122;
name = test;
};
responseCode = 0000;
responseDesc = “U6210U529f”;
}
至此,一個完整的、簡單的後臺搭建完成,客戶端的朋友們,是不是覺得很簡單? 如有疑問,歡迎留言,筆者第一時間回覆,謝謝關注!
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ,連結:http://blog.itpub.net/810/viewspace-2817331/,如需轉載,請註明出處,否則將追究法律責任。
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