個人技術部落格：www.zhenganwen.top
筆者環境
- 64bit / Windows10 / i5-7200U / 4核心CPU，在虛擬機器上的
Centos7（能連外網）上編譯OpenJDK7u75
建議使用
Ubuntu或者Centos，安裝依賴的地方使用apt-get/yum替換即可（Rhel的yum源使用收商業限制，因此依賴下載不方便，建議使用centos或者debain，或者更換yum為centos也行，筆者起初在rhel上編譯，踩了不少坑，最後換到centos上才編譯成功。沒辦法，linux是真的菜，不過通過這次採坑也學了不少linux上編譯原始碼的套路，本文會穿插著提到）。
環境準備
OpenJDK原始碼
openjdk7u75，主角，下載好用來編譯。
Bootstrap JDK
在編譯JDK時不全是使用C/C++，也有用到JAVA的，因此需要一個已編譯好的JDK，官方稱其為BOOTSTRAP JDK，要求必須是JDK6 Update14以上版本。建議到Oracle官網上下載，筆者下載的是jdk-7u4-linux-x64
編譯環境
編譯需要依賴GCC、C++等環境，一鍵下載：
yum -y install build-essential gawk m4 openjdk6-jdk libasound2-print-dev binutils libmotif3 libmotif-dev ant
複製程式碼Xcode相關的庫：
yum install libX*
複製程式碼檢查編譯環境
將下載好的openjdk原始碼和作為bootstrap jdk的jdk7u4上傳到centos的/usr/local/java下並解壓：
[root@pinyoyougou-docker java]# ls
jdk1.7.0_04 jdk-7u4-linux-x64.tar.gz openjdk openjdk-7u75-src-b13-18_dec_2014.zip
複製程式碼上面的
openjdk就是openjdk原始碼包解壓之後的目錄，記下這個名字，後續操作都是圍繞這個目錄展開的。
進入openjdk並檢查編譯環境：
[root@pinyoyougou-docker java]# cd openjdk
[root@pinyoyougou-docker java]# make sanity
WARNING: LANG has been set to zh_CN.UTF-8, this can cause build failures.
Try setting LANG to 'C'.
WARNING: The version of zip being used is older than
the required version of '2.2'.
The version of zip found was ''.
ERROR: The Compiler version is undefined.
ERROR: Your CLASSPATH environment variable is set. This will
most likely cause the build to fail. Please unset it
and start your build again.
ERROR: Your JAVA_HOME environment variable is set. This will
most likely cause the build to fail. Please unset it
and start your build again.
ERROR: You seem to not have installed ALSA 0.9.1 or higher.
Please install ALSA (drivers and lib). You can download the
source distribution from http://www.alsa-project.org or go to
http://www.freshrpms.net/docs/alsa/ for precompiled RPM packages.
ERROR: FreeType version 2.3.0 or higher is required.
make[2]: 進入目錄“/usr/local/java/openjdk/jdk/make/tools/freetypecheck”
/bin/mkdir -p /usr/local/java/openjdk/build/linux-amd64/btbins
rm -f /usr/local/java/openjdk/build/linux-amd64/btbins/freetype_versioncheck
make[2]: 離開目錄“/usr/local/java/openjdk/jdk/make/tools/freetypecheck”
Failed to build freetypecheck.
ERROR: You do not have access to valid Cups header files.
Please check your access to
/usr/include/cups/cups.h
and/or check your value of ALT_CUPS_HEADERS_PATH,
CUPS is frequently pre-installed on many systems,
or may be downloaded from http://www.cups.org
複製程式碼上面出現了兩個警告和五個異常，我們需要逐個解決。（如果你make sanity輸出的是check pass則可跳過此步驟）
-
設定環境變數
LANG=CWARNING: LANG has been set to zh_CN.UTF-8, this can cause build failures. Try setting LANG to 'C'. 複製程式碼解決方法：
[root@pinyoyougou-docker java]# export LANG=C 複製程式碼 -
zip版本較低，需要更新WARNING: The version of zip being used is older than the required version of '2.2'. The version of zip found was ''. 複製程式碼解決方法：
yum install zip 複製程式碼 -
缺少編譯依賴
ERROR: The Compiler version is undefined. 複製程式碼解決：
[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ 複製程式碼 -
取消已有的
JDK環境變數ERROR: Your CLASSPATH environment variable is set. This will most likely cause the build to fail. Please unset it and start your build again. 複製程式碼由於我之前在這個
centos上裝過jdk並在/etc/profile中配置過JAVA_HOME,CLASS_PATH，因此這裡提示建議我暫時取消這兩項設定，否則可能出現未知錯誤。解決：[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# unset JAVA_HOME [root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# unset CLASS_PATH 複製程式碼 -
缺少音效卡依賴
alsa，這個是linux上常用的聲音裝置的依賴，java.awt需要依賴這個。ERROR: You seem to not have installed ALSA 0.9.1 or higher. Please install ALSA (drivers and lib). You can download the source distribution from http://www.alsa-project.org or go to http://www.freshrpms.net/docs/alsa/ for precompiled RPM packages. 複製程式碼解決
[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum search alsa 已載入外掛：fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com ======================================== N/S matched: alsa ======================================== alsa-firmware.noarch : Firmware for several ALSA-supported sound cards alsa-lib.x86_64 : The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) library alsa-lib.i686 : The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) library alsa-lib-devel.i686 : Development files from the ALSA library alsa-lib-devel.x86_64 : Development files from the ALSA library alsa-plugins-arcamav.i686 : Arcam AV amplifier plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-arcamav.x86_64 : Arcam AV amplifier plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-maemo.i686 : Maemo plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-maemo.x86_64 : Maemo plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-oss.i686 : Oss PCM output plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-oss.x86_64 : Oss PCM output plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.i686 : Alsa to PulseAudio backend alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.x86_64 : Alsa to PulseAudio backend alsa-plugins-samplerate.i686 : External rate converter plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-samplerate.x86_64 : External rate converter plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-upmix.i686 : Upmixer channel expander plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-upmix.x86_64 : Upmixer channel expander plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-usbstream.i686 : USB stream plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-usbstream.x86_64 : USB stream plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-vdownmix.i686 : Downmixer to stereo plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-vdownmix.x86_64 : Downmixer to stereo plugin for ALSA alsa-tools.x86_64 : Specialist tools for ALSA alsa-tools-firmware.x86_64 : ALSA tools for uploading firmware to some soundcards alsa-utils.x86_64 : Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) utilities alsa-plugins-speex.i686 : Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler alsa-plugins-speex.x86_64 : Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler [root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum -y install alsa-lib* alsa-util* 複製程式碼套路一：當提示缺少依賴，而你不知道要
yum install什麼時，你可以根據提示關鍵字搜一下yum search，然後在搜出的結果列表中，對有著相同字首的依賴使用字尾萬用字元一鍵下載。 -
缺少
freetype依賴ERROR: FreeType version 2.3.0 or higher is required. 複製程式碼解決：
root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum search freetype 已載入外掛：fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com ====================================== N/S matched: freetype ====================================== freetype-demos.x86_64 : A collection of FreeType demos freetype-devel.i686 : FreeType development libraries and header files freetype-devel.x86_64 : FreeType development libraries and header files freetype.x86_64 : A free and portable font rendering engine freetype.i686 : A free and portable font rendering engine 名稱和簡介匹配 only，使用“search all”試試。 [root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum install freetype-devel.x86_64 複製程式碼套路二：使用
yum install時習慣性帶上一個-y，免得總是詢問是否確定安裝。 -
於是我再
make sanity，發現還有一個問題ERROR: You do not have access to valid Cups header files. Please check your access to /usr/include/cups/cups.h and/or check your value of ALT_CUPS_HEADERS_PATH, CUPS is frequently pre-installed on many systems, or may be downloaded from http://www.cups.org 複製程式碼缺少
cups列印框架，解決：[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum search cups 已載入外掛：fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com ======================================== N/S matched: cups ======================================== bluez-cups.x86_64 : CUPS printer backend for Bluetooth printers cups.x86_64 : CUPS printing system cups-client.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - client programs cups-devel.i686 : CUPS printing system - development environment cups-devel.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - development environment cups-filesystem.noarch : CUPS printing system - directory layout cups-filters.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends cups-filters-devel.i686 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - development environment cups-filters-devel.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - development environment cups-filters-libs.i686 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - cupsfilters and fontembed : libraries cups-filters-libs.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - cupsfilters and fontembed : libraries cups-ipptool.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - tool for performing IPP requests cups-libs.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - libraries cups-libs.i686 : CUPS printing system - libraries cups-lpd.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - lpd emulation ghostscript-cups.x86_64 : CUPS filter for interpreting PostScript and PDF gutenprint-cups.x86_64 : CUPS drivers for Canon, Epson, HP and compatible printers python-cups.x86_64 : Python bindings for CUPS python-cups-doc.x86_64 : Documentation for python-cups cups-pk-helper.x86_64 : A helper that makes system-config-printer use PolicyKit foomatic-filters.x86_64 : CUPS print filters for the foomatic package samba-krb5-printing.x86_64 : Samba CUPS backend for printing with Kerberos 名稱和簡介匹配 only，使用“search all”試試。 [root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum install cups-devel.x86_64 複製程式碼 -
make sanity檢查通過：Sanity check passed. 複製程式碼
編寫編譯啟動指令碼
經過前面一番周折，編譯環境基本上準備好了，接下來就可以make進行編譯了，但是編譯前需要設定一下一些環境變數，諸如boostrap jdk的根目錄在哪，哪些需要編譯，並行編譯執行緒數等。
在openjdk/下建立compile.sh並鍵入下列內容（參考《深入理解Java虛擬機器》）：
#語言選項，這個必須設定，否則編譯好後會出現一個HashTable的NPE錯
export LANG=C
#Bootstrap JDK的安裝路徑。必須設定。
export ALT_BOOTDIR=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_04
#允許自動下載依賴
export ALLOW_DOWNLOADS=true
#並行編譯的執行緒數，設定為和CPU核心數量一致即可
export HOTSPOT_BUILD_JOBS=4
export ALT_PARALLEL_COMPILE_JOBS=4
#比較本次build出來的映像與先前版本的差異。這個對我們來說沒有意義，必須設定為false，否則sanity檢查會報缺少先前版本JDK的映像。如果有設定dev或者DEV_ONLY=true的話這個不顯式設定也行。
export SKIP_COMPARE_IMAGES=true
#使用預編譯標頭檔案，不加這個編譯會更慢一些
export USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER=true
#要編譯的內容
export BUILD_LANGTOOLS=true
#export BUILD_JAXP=false
#export BUILD_JAXWS=false
#export BUILD_CORBA=false
export BUILD_HOTSPOT=true
export BUILD_JDK=true
#要編譯的版本
#export SKIP_DEBUG_BUILD=false
#export SKIP_FASTDEBUG_BUILD=true
#export DEBUG_NAME=debug
#把它設定為false可以避開javaws和瀏覽器Java外掛之類的部分的build。
BUILD_DEPLOY=false
#把它設定為false就不會build出安裝包。因為安裝包裡有些奇怪的依賴，但即便不build出它也已經能得到完整的JDK映像，所以還是別build它好了。
BUILD_INSTALL=false
#這兩個環境變數必須去掉，不然會有很詭異的事情發生（我沒有具體查過這些“”詭異的事情”，Makefile指令碼檢查到有這2個變數就會提示警告“）
unset JAVA_HOME
unset CLASSPATH
make 2>&1 | tee $ALT_OUTPUTDIR/build.log
複製程式碼其中需要注意的地方：
- 必須設定
LANG=C、將ALT_BOOTDIR設定成boostrap jdk的根目錄 - 如果你的系統先前配置過
jdk環境變數，一定要在這裡unset一下（上述的第40,41行） - 上述並型執行緒數跟你的
cpu核心個數相同即可
其它的地方可以照搬。
開始編譯
使用上面寫好的編譯啟動指令碼開始編譯：
[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# chmod +x compile.sh
[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# ./compile.sh
複製程式碼這個過程通常需要幾十分鐘，如果一切順利，最後會顯示編譯開始時間以及終止時間。（當然，大部分情況下，受挫之路相當曲折~）。
########################################################################
##### Leaving jdk for target(s) sanity all docs images #####
########################################################################
##### Build time 00:10:12 jdk for target(s) sanity all docs images #####
########################################################################
#-- Build times ----------
Target all_product_build
Start 2019-01-23 16:37:02
End 2019-01-23 16:48:00
00:00:23 corba
00:00:09 hotspot
00:00:03 jaxp
00:00:06 jaxws
00:10:12 jdk
00:00:03 langtools
00:10:58 TOTAL
-------------------------
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/java/openjdk'
[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]#
複製程式碼所以下面將羅列筆者的受挫之路……如果make過程中發生error異常終止，一般解決異常之後繼續make。筆者開始傻到每次解決異常，然後make clean，再make。
解決編譯錯誤
-
cannot find -lstdc++-l表示庫，cannot find -lXXX，通常表示缺少libXXX庫。看網上說是缺少libstdc++-static，但筆者建議最好將yum search libstdc*的搜尋結果一股腦全yum install下來，反正又不多。 -
libjvm.so軟連線死迴圈/usr/bin/ld: cannot open output file libjvm.so: Too many levels of symbolic links collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status ln: failed to access 'libjvm.so': Too many levels of symbolic links ln: failed to access 'libjvm.so.1': Too many levels of symbolic links /usr/bin/objcopy --only-keep-debug libjvm.so libjvm.debuginfo /usr/bin/objcopy: Warning: could not locate 'libjvm.so'. reason: Too many levels of symbolic links 複製程式碼這時不能需要先
make clean，然後再make sanity、make -
超過十年問題
Error: time is more than 10 years from present: 1136059200000 java.lang.RuntimeException: time is more than 10 years from present: 1136059200000 at build.tools.generatecurrencydata.GenerateCurrencyData.makeSpecialCaseEntry(GenerateCurrencyData.java:285) at build.tools.generatecurrencydata.GenerateCurrencyData.buildMainAndSpecialCaseTables(GenerateCurrencyData.java:225) at build.tools.generatecurrencydata.GenerateCurrencyData.main(GenerateCurrencyData.java:154) 複製程式碼修改
openjdk//jdk/src/share/classes/java/util/CurrencyData.properties，將其中表示年份的地方都改為距離今年不超過10年的年份：- 修改108行 AZ=AZM;2015-12-31-20-00-00;AZN
- 修改381行 MZ=MZM;2015-06-30-22-00-00;MZN
- 修改443行 RO=ROL;2015-06-30-21-00-00;RON
- 修改535行 TR=TRL;2015-12-31-22-00-00;TRY
- 修改561行 VE=VEB;2015-01-01-04-00-00;VEF
-
缺少C標頭檔案
fatal error: X11/Intrinsic.h: No such file or directory # include <X11/Intrinsic.h> 複製程式碼/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. make: *** [bitmap.o] Error 1 複製程式碼套路三：如果提示你缺少
xxx/xxx.h，可以使用yum provides */xxx.h檢視該標頭檔案包含於哪個庫中，再將該庫的全名稱作為yum install的引數下載
本想將筆者踩過的坑都貼出來，奈何編譯輸出資訊太多難以找到採坑痕跡。總而言之，不是缺少依賴，就是已有依賴不相容（這時你需要32/64位版本都下載）
使用編譯好的jdk
編譯成功之後，openjdk/build/linux-amd64/j2sdk-image就是編譯好的jdk的根目錄：
[root@pinyoyougou-docker j2sdk-image]# bin/java -version
openjdk version "1.7.0-internal"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0-internal-root_2019_01_23_14_04-b00)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.75-b04, mixed mode)
複製程式碼參考連結
- 《深入理解Java虛擬機器（第2版）》
- github.com/xiongzhengg…