gorm 操作

ncccc1發表於2021-07-28

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/jinzhu/gorm"
    _ "github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/mysql"
    "time"
)

// 定義模型
type User struct {
    gorm.Model
    Name string
    Age  int64
}

func main() {
    db, err := gorm.Open("mysql", "root:root1234@(127.0.0.1:13306)/db1?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer db.Close()
    // 預設情況下，gorm建立的表將會是結構體名稱的複數形式，如果不想讓它自動複數，可以加一下禁用
    db.SingularTable(true)
    // 2, 把模型與資料庫中的表對應起來
    db.AutoMigrate(&User{})
    // 3, 建立
    //u1 := User{Name: "eryajf", Age: 20}
    //db.Create(&u1)
    //u2 := User{Name: "jinzhu", Age: 22}
    //db.Create(&u2)

    // 4,查詢
    var user []User
    db.Debug().First(&user) // SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("根據主鍵查詢第一條記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Take(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("隨機獲取一條記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Last(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL ORDER BY `user`.`id` DESC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("根據主鍵查詢最後一條記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL
    fmt.Println("查詢所有的記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().First(&user, 2)      //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`id` = 2)) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("查詢指定的某條記錄：", user) //僅當主鍵為整型時可用

    Where
    db.Debug().Where("name = ?", "jinzhu").First(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name = 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("查詢第一條匹配條件記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Where("name = ?", "jinzhu").Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name = 'jinzhu'))
    fmt.Println("查詢所有匹配條件的記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Where("name <> ?", "jinzhu").Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name <> 'jinzhu'))
    fmt.Println("查詢name不等於jinzhu的所有記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Where("name IN (?)", []string{"jinzhu", "jinzhu 2"}).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name IN ('jinzhu','jinzhu 2')))
    fmt.Println("查詢name在jinzhu和jinzhu 2的所有記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Where("name LIKE ?", "%jin%").Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name LIKE '%jin%'))
    fmt.Println("查詢name包含jin的所有記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Where("name = ? AND age >= ?", "jinzhu", "20").Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name = 'jinzhu' AND age >= '20'))
    fmt.Println("查詢兩個條件都符合的所有記錄：", user)

    oneDay, _ := time.ParseDuration("-24h")
    lastWeek := time.Now().Add(oneDay * 7)
    db.Debug().Where("updated_at > ?", lastWeek).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((updated_at > '2020-03-01 19:45:11'))
    fmt.Println("查詢一週內更新的使用者記錄：", user)

    today := time.Now()
    db.Debug().Where("created_at BETWEEN ? AND ?", lastWeek, today).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((created_at BETWEEN '2020-03-01 19:52:51' AND '2020-03-08 19:52:51'))
    fmt.Println("查詢一週內建立的記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Where(&User{Name: "jinzhu", Age: 22}).First(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu') AND (`user`.`age` = 22)) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("通過結構體查詢：", user)

    db.Debug().Where(map[string]interface{}{"name": "jinzhu", "age": 22}).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu') AND (`user`.`age` = 22))
    fmt.Println("通過map查詢：", user)

    db.Debug().Where([]int64{1, 2}).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`id` IN (1,2)))
    fmt.Println("通過主鍵的切片查詢：", user)

    db.Debug().Not("name", "jinzhu").First(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` NOT IN ('jinzhu'))) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("查詢name不是jinzhu的第一條記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Not("name", []string{"jinzhu", "jinzhu 2"}).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` NOT IN ('jinzhu','jinzhu 2')))
    fmt.Println("查詢name不在jinzhu或jinzhu2的所有記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Not([]int64{1, 2, 3}).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`id` NOT IN (1,2,3)))
    fmt.Println("查詢主鍵不是1，2，3的所有記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Not([]int64{}).First(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("查詢所有使用者中的第一個：", user)

    db.Debug().Not("name = ?", "jinzhu").First(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND (NOT (name = 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("查詢name不是jinzhu的第一個使用者：", user)

    db.Debug().Not(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).First(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` <> 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("通過結構體查詢name不是jinzhu的第一個使用者：", user)

    db.Debug().Where("age > ?", 25).Or("age < ?", 23).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((age > 25) OR (age < 23))
    fmt.Println("查詢年齡小於23的或者大於25的所有記錄：", user)

    // struct
    db.Debug().Where("name = 'jinzhu'").Or(User{Name: "jinzhu 2"}).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name = 'jinzhu') OR (`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu 2'))
    fmt.Println("結構體：查詢名字是jinzhu的或者是jinzhu 2的所有記錄：", user)

    // map
    db.Debug().Where("name = 'jinzhu'").Or(map[string]interface{}{"name": "jinzhu 2"}).Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name = 'jinzhu') OR (`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu 2'))
    fmt.Println("map：查詢名字是jinzhu的或者是jinzhu 2的所有記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().First(&user, 3)          //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`id` = 3)) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("根據主鍵查詢指定的某條記錄：", user) //僅當主鍵為整型時可用

    db.Debug().First(&user, "id = ?", "string_primary_key") //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((id = 'string_primary_key')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("根據主鍵是非整形主鍵獲取記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Find(&user, "name = ?", "jinzhu") //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name = 'jinzhu'))
    fmt.Println("查詢name為jinzhu的記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Find(&user, "name <> ? AND age > ? ", "jinzhu", "20") //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((name <> 'jinzhu' AND age > '20' ))
    fmt.Println("查詢name不是jinzhu且年齡大於20的記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Find(&user, User{Age: 20}) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`age` = 20))
    fmt.Println("通過結構體查詢年齡是20的所有記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Find(&user, map[string]interface{}{"age": 20}) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`age` = 20))
    fmt.Println("通過map查詢年齡是20的所有記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().FirstOrInit(&user, User{Name: "non_existing"}) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'non_existing')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("查詢name為non_existing的記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).FirstOrInit(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("通過結構體查詢name為jinzhu的記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().FirstOrInit(&user, map[string]interface{}{"name": "jinzhu"}) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println("通過map查詢name為jinzhu的記錄：", user)

    // 未找到
    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "non_existing"}).Attrs(User{Age: 20}).FirstOrInit(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'non_existing')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "non_existing"}).Attrs("age", 20).FirstOrInit(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'non_existing')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    // 找到
    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).Attrs(User{Age: 50}).FirstOrInit(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "non_existing"}).Assign(User{Age: 20}).FirstOrInit(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'non_existing')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    // 找到
    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).Assign(User{Age: 50}).FirstOrInit(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    db.Debug().FirstOrCreate(&user, User{Name: "non_existing"}) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'non_existing')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).FirstOrCreate(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "non_existing"}).Attrs(User{Age: 20}).FirstOrCreate(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'non_existing')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    db.Debug().Where(User{Name: "jinzhu"}).Attrs(User{Age: 30}).FirstOrCreate(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND ((`user`.`name` = 'jinzhu')) ORDER BY `user`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
    fmt.Println(user)

    db.Debug().Select("name", "age").Find(&user) //SELECT name FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL'age'
    fmt.Println("查詢表中name欄位引數為age的記錄：", user)

    db.Debug().Select([]string{"name", "age"}).Find(&user) //SELECT name, age FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL
    fmt.Println("列出表中name與age欄位：", user)

    db.Debug().Order("age desc,name").Find(&user) //SELECT * FROM `user`  WHERE `user`.`deleted_at` IS NULL ORDER BY age desc,name
    fmt.Println("根據年齡排序來查詢：", user)

    db.Debug().Order("age desc").Order("name").Find(&user)
    fmt.Println("根據多個條件排序查詢：", user)

}

來自連結

本作品採用《CC 協議》，轉載必須註明作者和本文連結

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