《紅樓夢》人物關係有多複雜？一張圖幫你理清楚！

《紅樓夢》可以說是四大名著中最晦澀難懂的一部作品了，但這也成就了它“中國古典小說巔峰之作”的美譽，可以說是中國封建社會的百科全書。此外，《紅樓夢》小說也衍生出了眾多形式的文娛作品，型別包括電影、動畫片、電視劇、越劇、崑曲、舞臺劇、遊戲、歌曲等。
Dream of the Red Chamber is arguably the most obscure of the Four Great Masterpieces, but it has also earned its reputation as the “pinnacle of Chinese classical fiction” and is arguably the encyclopedia of Chinese feudal society. In addition, the novel has spawned numerous forms of entertainment, including movies, cartoons, TV dramas, Yueju operas, kunqu operas, stage plays, games, songs, and more.

造成《紅樓夢》難懂的原因之一是小說中塑造了大量的角色，從而形成了錯綜複雜的人物關係。那《紅樓夢》中到底有多少人物呢？1982年，徐恭時在中國上海師院學報上發表文章指出《紅樓夢》共寫了多達975個人物，有姓名稱謂的732人，無姓名稱謂的243人。
One of the reasons why Dream of the Red Chamber is so difficult to understand is the large number of characters portrayed in the novel, resulting in intricate character relationships. In 1982, Xu Gongshi published an article in the Journal of the Shanghai Teachers’ College in China, stating that there were as many as 975 characters in Dream of the Red Chamber, 732 with names and 243 without names.

而今天要分享的資料視覺化清晰地展現了《紅樓夢》中各個角色間的人物、事件關係和發生的地點，小說中的主要角色使用1987版《紅樓夢》部分演員的劇照作為標識，點選每個節點能看到人物的介紹和其延伸出的各種人物關係。這裡以賈寶玉為例，可以看到他的結點延伸出幾十條關係線，如他和薛寶釵的關係是“妻子”和“喜歡”，李貴和他的關係是“跟班”，襲人和他的關係是“僕人”等。
The data visualization we are going to share today clearly shows the relationships between characters, events and locations in Dream of the Red Chamber, using stills of some of the actors in the 1987 version of Dream of the Red Chamber as markers for the main characters in the novel. Take Jia Baoyu as an example, you can see that his node extends dozens of relationship lines, such as his relationship with Xue Baochai is “wife” and “like”. The relationship between Li Gui and him is “follower”, and the relationship between Xi Ren and him is “servant”, etc.

除了人物關係，這個視覺化專案還提供地點和事件的篩選，讀者可以清晰地看到與每個人物相關的事件以及發生的地點。對於對《紅樓夢》不太瞭解的人或初讀者來說，這個視覺化可謂幫助頗多。比起自己記憶或羅列人物關係，這個圖譜顯得更加直觀和完整。畢竟，《紅樓夢》中的人物關係實在太多，父母、妻兒、兄弟姐妹、乾爹乾媽、同宗、朋友、僕人等，讓人理不清頭腦。
In addition to character relationships, this visualization project also provides a filter of locations and events so that readers can clearly see the events associated with each character and the locations where they occurred. For people who do not know much about Dream of the Red Chamber or for first-time readers, this visualization can be very helpful. The chart seems more intuitive and complete than memorizing or listing the characters’ relationships on their own. After all, there are so many character relationships in Dream of the Red Chamber, parents, wives and children, siblings, godparents, fellow clansmen, friends, servants, etc., that it is hard to keep track of them.

資料視覺化專案網址：
https://grapheco.org/InteractiveGraph/dist/examples/example1.html