Linux桌面基礎:X Window System——Xorg

一、前言

Unix Like 作業系統不是隻能進行伺服器的架設而已，在美編、排版、製圖、多媒體應用上也是有其需要的。 這些需求都需要用到圖形介面 （Graphical User Interface, GUI） 的操作的， 所以後來才有所謂的 X Window System 這玩意兒。那麼為啥圖形視窗介面要稱為 X 呢？因為就英文字母來看 X 是在 W（indow） 後面，因此，人們就戲稱這一版的視窗介面為 X 囉，這邊X Server使用Xorg。
一個桌面的使用需要X Windows Server + X Windows Manager，提供桌面背景、工作列、桌面設定等。X Server 還有一個重要的工作，那就是將來自輸入裝置 （如鍵盤、滑鼠等） 的動作告知 X Client，X Client 最重要的工作就是處理來自 X Server 的動作，將該動作處理成為繪圖資料， 再將這些繪圖資料傳回給 X Server。目前主要的X Windows Manager有:
MATE core
Lubuntu core
Budgie Desktop
GNOME （GNU Network Object Model Environment）：http://www.gnome.org/
KDE （K Desktop Enviroment）：http://kde.org/
twm （Tab Window Manager）：http://xwinman.org/vtwm.php
XFCE （XForms Common Environment）：http://www.xfce.org/

二、安裝方式

2.1 自定義安裝
2.1.1 安裝x－windows的基礎（必須）： sudo apt-get install x-window-system-core (這個就是X11或者直接X的協議，xorg是具體的程式實現)
2.1.2 安裝gnome基礎（必須）： sudo apt-get install gnome-core kde-core xfce4
2.2 原始碼安裝（中間過程中系統依賴庫的話，藉助apt-get 進行安裝）
2.2.1 下載xorg-server-1.20.9.tar.bz2 https://www.x.org/archive/individual/xserver/xorg-server-1.20.9.tar.gz，還有https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/(較舊)
2.2.2 下載原始碼:https://www.xfce.org/download，部分軟體下載：https://archive.xfce.org/src
注：原始碼編譯，主要三步走：./configure;make;make install或者meson --libdir=lib …/;ninja;ninja install

三、中間編譯過程

3、configure: error: Package requirements (pixman-1 >= 0.27.2) were not met:No package ‘pixman-1’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/pixman-0.40.0.tar.gz
4、configure: error: Package requirements (libdrm >= 2.4.89) were not met:No package ‘libdrm’ found
https://dri.freedesktop.org/libdrm/libdrm-2.4.102.tar.xz
meson --reconfigure --libdir=lib/ …/
5、configure: error: Package requirements (pciaccess >= 0.10) were not met:No package ‘pciaccess’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libpciaccess-0.16.tar.gz
6、configure: error: Package requirements (x11) were not met:No package ‘x11’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libX11-1.6.12.tar.gz
7、Perhaps you should add the directory containing `xproto.pc’，No package ‘xproto’ found
https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/individual/proto/xproto-7.0.31.tar.gz
8、checking for X11… No
configure: error: Package requirements (xproto >= 7.0.17 xextproto xtrans xcb >= 1.11.1 kbproto inputproto) were not met:
No package ‘xextproto’ found https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/individual/proto/xextproto-7.3.0.tar.gz
No package ‘xtrans’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/xtrans-1.4.0.tar.gz
No package ‘xcb’ found https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/individual/xcb/libxcb-1.14.tar.gz
No package ‘kbproto’ found https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/individual/proto/kbproto-1.0.7.tar.gz
No package ‘inputproto’ found https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/individual/proto/inputproto-2.3.2.tar.gz
9、configure: error: Package requirements (xcb-proto >= 1.14) were not met:No package ‘xcb-proto’ found
https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/individual/xcb/xcb-proto-1.14.tar.gz
10、configure: error: Package requirements (xau >= 0.99.2) were not met:No package ‘xau’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXau-1.0.9.tar.gz
11、configure: error: Package requirements (glproto >= 1.4.17 gl >= 7.1.0) were not met:
No package ‘glproto’ found https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/individual/proto/glproto-1.4.17.tar.gz
No package ‘gl’ found http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/libg/libglvnd/libglvnd_1.3.2.orig.tar.gz
12、configure.ac:28: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
If this token and others are legitimate, please use m4_pattern_allow sudo apt-get install libtool
14、configure: error: Package requirements (xext) were not met:No package ‘xext’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXext-1.3.4.tar.gz
15、configure: error: No suitable SHA1 implementation found
installing libgcrypt11-dev
16、checking for GPG Error - version >= 1.25… noconfigure: error: libgpg-error is needed.
https://www.gnupg.org/ftp/gcrypt/libgpg-error/libgpg-error-1.39.tar.bz2
17、configure: error: Package requirements (fixesproto >= 5.0 damageproto >= 1.1 xcmiscproto >= 1.2.0 xtrans >= 1.3.5 bigreqsproto >= 1.1.0 xproto >= 7.0.31 randrproto >= 1.6.0 renderproto >= 0.11 xextproto >= 7.2.99.901 inputproto >= 2.3 kbproto >= 1.0.3 fontsproto >= 2.1.3 pixman-1 >= 0.27.2 videoproto compositeproto >= 0.4 recordproto >= 1.13.99.1 scrnsaverproto >= 1.1 resourceproto >= 1.2.0 xf86driproto >= 2.1.0 glproto >= 1.4.17 dri >= 7.8.0 presentproto >= 1.1 xineramaproto xkbfile pixman-1 >= 0.27.2 xfont2 >= 2.0.0 xau) were not met:
No package ‘fixesproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/fixesproto-5.0.tar.gz
No package ‘damageproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/damageproto-1.2.1.tar.gz
No package ‘xcmiscproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/xcmiscproto-1.2.2.tar.gz
No package ‘bigreqsproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/bigreqsproto-1.1.2.tar.gz
No package ‘randrproto’ found https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/proto/xorgproto/-/archive/master/xorgproto-master.tar.gz No package ‘renderproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/renderproto-0.11.tar.gz
No package ‘fontsproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/fontsproto-2.1.3.tar.gz
No package ‘videoproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/videoproto-2.3.3.tar.gz
No package ‘compositeproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/compositeproto-0.4.2.tar.gz
No package ‘recordproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/recordproto-1.14.2.tar.gz
No package ‘scrnsaverproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/scrnsaverproto-1.2.2.tar.gz
No package ‘resourceproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/resourceproto-1.2.0.tar.gz
No package ‘xf86driproto’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/xf86driproto-2.1.1.tar.gz
No package ‘dri’ found https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/dri3proto-1.0.tar.gz
https://mesa.freedesktop.org/archive/mesa-20.2.1.tar.xz
meson --reconfigure --libdir=lib/ …; sudo ninja install;
sudo apt-get install libegl-mesa0
sudo apt install meson ninja-build
python3 -m pip install meson
https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5e/da/e6f22f0d3730635aa8504cc0d7ae16406b3794bbfea04c854e2c215c7acb/meson-0.55.3.tar.gz
sudo ln -sf ~/.local/bin/meson /usr/bin/
Did not find CMake ‘cmake’
Sudo apt install cmake
ERROR: Problem encountered: Python (3.x) mako module >= 0.8.0 required to build mesa
pip3 install mako
WARNING: Ignoring LLVM CMake dependency because dynamic was requested
llvm-config found: NO need ‘>= 8.0.0’
sudo apt install llvm-10
Run-time dependency libelf found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
https://sourceware.org/elfutils/ftp/elfutils-latest.tar.bz2
Program bison found: NO
…/meson.build:1600:2: ERROR: Program ‘bison’ not found
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-3.7.tar.xz
Program flex found: NO
https://github.com/westes/flex.git
uild-time dependency wayland-scanner found: NO
https://wayland.freedesktop.org/releases/wayland-1.18.0.tar.xz
configure: error: Package requirements (libffi) were not met:
No package ‘libffi’ found
https://github.com/libffi/libffi/releases/download/v3.3/libffi-3.3.tar.gz
configure: error: Package requirements (expat) were not met:
No package ‘expat’ found
http://downloads.sourceforge.net/expat/expat-2.0.1.tar.gz
configure: error: Package requirements (libxml-2.0) were not met:
No package ‘libxml-2.0’ found
ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxml2-2.9.9.tar.gz
checking for doxygen… no
configure: error: Documentation build requested but doxygen not found. Install doxygen or disable the documentation using --disable-documentation
http://doxygen.nl/files/doxygen-1.8.20.src.tar.gz cmake -G “Unix Makefiles” …
configure: error: Documentation build requested but xmlto not found
https://releases.pagure.org/xmlto/xmlto-0.0.28.tar.bz2
configure: error: Documentation build requested but graphviz’s dot not found
https://www2.graphviz.org/Packages/stable/portable_source/graphviz-2.44.1.tar.gz
configure: error: Documentation build requested but docbook-xsl stylesheets are not found，Install the docbook-xsl package or disable the documentation using --disable-documentation
https://docbook.org/xml/5.2b09/docbook-52b09.zip
…/meson.build:1666:2: ERROR: Dependency “wayland-protocols” not found,
https://wayland.freedesktop.org/releases/wayland-protocols-1.20.tar.xz
…/meson.build:1707:4: ERROR: Dependency “xdamage” not found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXdamage-1.1.5.tar.gz
meson.build:1733:6: ERROR: Dependency “xshmfence” not found
https://www.paldo.org/paldo/sources/xshmfence/libxshmfence-1.3.tar.bz2
…/meson.build:1742:6: ERROR: Dependency “xxf86vm” not found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXxf86vm-1.1.4.tar.gz
…/meson.build:1752:4: ERROR: Dependency “xrandr” not found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXrandr-1.5.2.tar.gz
configure: error: Package requirements (x11 >= 1.6 randrproto >= 1.5 xext xextproto xrender renderproto) were not met:
No package ‘xrender’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXrender-0.9.10.tar.gz
/usr/bin/python3: symbol lookup error: /usr/bin/python3: undefined symbol: XML_SetHashSalt
出現libexpat.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libexpat.so.1不匹配問題，改用系統本身libexpat.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libexpat.so.1
…/src/amd/common/ac_llvm_helper.cpp:200:30: error: ‘CGFT_ObjectFile’ is not a member of ‘llvm::TargetMachine’
llvm::TargetMachine::CGFT_ObjectFile)) { 直接替換成 llvm::CGFT_ObjectFile)) {
編譯成功，
No package ‘presentproto’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/presentproto-1.1.tar.gz
No package ‘xineramaproto’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/proto/xineramaproto-1.2.tar.gz
No package ‘xkbfile’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libxkbfile-1.1.0.tar.gz
No package ‘xfont2’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXfont2-2.0.4.tar.gz
configure: error: Package requirements (fixesproto >= 5.0 damageproto >= 1.1 xcmiscproto >= 1.2.0 xtrans >= 1.3.5 bigreqsproto >= 1.1.0 xproto >= 7.0.31 randrproto >= 1.6.0 renderproto >= 0.11 xextproto >= 7.2.99.901 inputproto >= 2.3 kbproto >= 1.0.3 fontsproto >= 2.1.3 pixman-1 >= 0.27.2 videoproto compositeproto >= 0.4 recordproto >= 1.13.99.1 scrnsaverproto >= 1.1 resourceproto >= 1.2.0 xf86driproto >= 2.1.0 glproto >= 1.4.17 dri >= 7.8.0 presentproto >= 1.1 xineramaproto xkbfile pixman-1 >= 0.27.2 xfont2 >= 2.0.0 xau) were not met:
Requested ‘randrproto >= 1.6.0’ but version of RandrProto is 1.5.0
No package ‘dri’ found
apt source libdri2-1 libdri2-dev
fatal error: X11/extensions/Xfixes.h
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXfixes-5.0.3.tar.gz
18、checking for freetype-config… no configure: error: You must have freetype installed
http://www.freetype.org/
19、checking for gzopen in -lz… no
configure: error: *** zlib is required
http://www.zlib.net/
20、configure: error: Package requirements (xproto xtrans fontsproto >= 2.1.3 fontenc) were not met:
No package ‘fontenc’ found
https://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/src/lib/libfontenc-1.1.1.tar.gz
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libfontenc-1.1.4.tar.gz
21、autoreconf -ivf提示：configure.ac:30: error: must install xorg-macros 1.3 or later before running autoconf/autogen
sudo apt-get install xutils-dev
22、configure: error: Package requirements (epoxy) were not met:
No package ‘epoxy’ found https://github.com/anholt/libepoxy/releases/download/1.5.4/libepoxy-1.5.4.tar.xz
23、Run-time dependency nettle found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
…/meson.build:94:0: ERROR: Dependency “nettle” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/nettle/nettle-3.6.tar.gz
24、Run-time dependency dbus-1 found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
sudo apt install libdbus-1-dev
Run-time dependency windowswmproto found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
https://xorg.freedesktop.org/archive/individual/proto/windowswmproto-1.0.4.tar.gz
Run-time dependency libbsd found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
https://libbsd.freedesktop.org/releases/libbsd-0.10.0.tar.xz
Run-time dependency xkbcomp found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/app/xkbcomp-1.4.3.tar.gz
ERROR: Dependency “fontutil” not found
https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/fontutils/fontutils-0.7.tar.gz
apt source xfonts-utils
…/./include/xt-common.h:22:10: fatal error: X11/Intrinsic.h: No such file or directory
#include <X11/Intrinsic.h>
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXt-1.2.0.tar.gz
configure: error: Package requirements (sm ice x11 xproto kbproto) were not met:
No package ‘sm’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libSM-1.2.3.tar.gz
No package ‘ice’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libICE-1.0.10.tar.gz
BitmapP.h:25:10: fatal error: X11/Xaw/SimpleP.h: No such file or directory
#include <X11/Xaw/SimpleP.h>
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXaw-1.0.13.tar.gz
checking for XAW6… configure: error: Package requirements (xproto x11 xext xextproto xt xmu) were not met:
No package ‘xmu’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXmu-1.1.3.tar.gz
No package ‘xpm’ found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXpm-3.5.13.tar.gz
/bin/bash: xgettext: command not found
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/gnu/gettext/gettext-0.21.tar.xz
…/meson.build:307:4: ERROR: Dependency “xdmcp” not found
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/lib/libXdmcp-1.1.3.tar.gz
中間遇到過
xwayland-glamor-gbm.c:889:10: warning: nested extern declaration of ‘dri3_screen_init’ [-Wnested-externs]
dri3位於本工程的dri3，應該是哪裡順序有問題
25、編譯xf86-input-libinput-0.30.0
No package ‘libinput’ found
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/435268479/libinput-bin_1.10.4-1ubuntu0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
…/meson.build:126:0: ERROR: Dependency “mtdev” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
http://bitmath.org/code/mtdev/mtdev-1.1.6.tar.bz2
…/meson.build:127:0: ERROR: Dependency “libevdev” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/libevdev/libevdev-1.10.0.tar.xz
…/meson.build:140:1: ERROR: Dependency “libwacom” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
https://github.com/linuxwacom/libwacom/releases/download/libwacom-1.5/libwacom-1.5.tar.bz2
configure: error: Package requirements (glib-2.0 gudev-1.0) were not met:
No package ‘glib-2.0’ found
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/glib/2.66/glib-2.66.2.tar.xz 編譯到此處，meson --reconfigure --libdir=lib/
No package ‘gudev-1.0’ found
https://download.gnome.org/sources/libgudev/234/libgudev-234.tar.xz
configure: error: Package requirements (umockdev-1.0) were not met:
No package ‘umockdev-1.0’ found
https://github.com/martinpitt/umockdev/releases/download/0.14.4/umockdev-0.14.4.tar.xz
…/doc/user/meson.build:4:1: ERROR: Problem encountered: Program “sphinx-build” not found or not executable. Try building with -Ddocumentation=false
…/meson.build:622:1: ERROR: Dependency “gtk±3.0” not found
https://download.gnome.org/sources/gtk+/3.24/gtk±3.24.23.tar.xz
configure: error: Package requirements (glib-2.0 >= 2.57.2 atk >= 2.15.1 pango >= 1.41.0 fribidi >= 0.19.7 cairo >= 1.14.0 cairo-gobject >= 1.14.0 gdk-pixbuf-2.0 >= 2.30.0) were not met:
No package ‘atk’ found
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/atk/2.36/atk-2.36.0.tar.xz
…/atk/meson.build:138:2: ERROR: Dependency “gobject-introspection-1.0” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gobject-introspection/1.66/gobject-introspection-1.66.1.tar.xz
No package ‘pango’ found
git clone git://git.gnome.org/pango
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/pango/1.46/pango-1.46.2.tar.xz
Found CMake: /usr/bin/cmake (3.10.2)
Run-time dependency fribidi found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
Looking for a fallback subproject for the dependency fribidi
Cloning into ‘fribidi’…
Run-time dependency fontconfig found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
Looking for a fallback subproject for the dependency fontconfig
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/fontconfig/release/fontconfig-2.13.1.tar.bz2
…/meson.build:298:2: ERROR: Subproject “subprojects/fontconfig” required but not found
wget https://www.freedesktop.org/software/fontconfig/release/fontconfig-2.13.1.tar.bz2
checking where uuid functions comes from… configure: error:
uuid is required. install util-linux
apt install util-linux
sudo apt-get install uuid-dev
1/missing: line 81: gperf: command not found
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/gnu/gperf/gperf-3.1.tar.gz
Couldn’t find include ‘HarfBuzz-0.0.gir’ (search path: ‘[’/usr/local/share/gir-1.0’, ‘/usr/local/share’, ‘gir-1.0’, ‘/usr/local/share/gir-1.0’, ‘/usr/share/gir-1.0’, ‘/usr/local/share/gir-1.0’, ‘/usr/share/gir-1.0’]’)
[345/445] Compiling C++ object subprojects/harfbuzz/src/libharfbuzz-subset.so.0.20702.0.p/hb-subset.cc.o
https://github.com/harfbuzz/harfbuzz/releases/download/2.7.1/harfbuzz-2.7.1.tar.xz
No package ‘fribidi’ found
No package ‘cairo’ found
http://anduin.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/cairo/cairo-1.17.2+f93fc72c03e.tar.xz
No package ‘cairo-gobject’ found
No package ‘gdk-pixbuf-2.0’ found
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gdk-pixbuf/2.40/gdk-pixbuf-2.40.0.tar.xz
Run-time dependency shared-mime-info found: YES 1.9
Library mlib found: NO
Found CMake: /usr/bin/cmake (3.10.2)
Run-time dependency libpng16 found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
Run-time dependency libpng15 found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
Run-time dependency libpng14 found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
Run-time dependency libpng13 found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
Run-time dependency libpng12 found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
Run-time dependency libpng10 found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
Looking for a fallback subproject for the dependency (anonymous)
Downloading libpng source from ftp://ftp-osl.osuosl.org/pub/libpng/src/libpng16/libpng-1.6.34.tar.xz
https://downloads.sourceforge.net/libpng/libpng-1.6.37.tar.xz
Installing /home/test/xfce/xfce-4.14/package/gdk-pixbuf-2.40.0/build/po/zh_TW.gmo to /usr/local/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/gdk-pixbuf.mo
Running custom install script ‘/bin/sh /home/test/xfce/xfce-4.14/package/gdk-pixbuf-2.40.0/build-aux/post-install.sh /usr/local/bin /usr/local/lib 2.10.0’
g_module_open() failed for /usr/local/lib/gdk-pixbuf-2.0/2.10.0/loaders/libpixbufloader-ani.so: libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
g_module_open() failed for /usr/local/lib/gdk-pixbuf-2.0/2.10.0/loaders/libpixbufloader-bmp.so: libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
wget http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gdk-pixbuf/2.40/gdk-pixbuf-2.40.0.tar.xz
./meson.build:456:0: ERROR: Dependency “xkbcommon” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
https://xkbcommon.org/download/libxkbcommon-1.0.1.tar.xz
Run-time dependency xi found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
…/meson.build:571:2: ERROR: Dependency “xi” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
apt source libxi-dev
…/meson.build:578:2: ERROR: Dependency “atk-bridge-2.0” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/at-spi2-atk/2.38/at-spi2-atk-2.38.0.tar.xz
ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/at-spi2-core/2.6/at-spi2-core-2.6.3.tar.xz
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/at-spi2-core/2.38/at-spi2-core-2.38.0.tar.xz
Run-time dependency xtst found: NO (tried pkgconfig and cmake)
…/meson.build:71:4: ERROR: Dependency “xtst” not found, tried pkgconfig and cmake
https://www.paldo.org/paldo/sources/xtst/libXtst-1.2.3.tar.bz2
failed to load “/home/test/xfce/xfce-4.14/package/gtk±3.24.23/gtk/theme/Adwaita/assets/bullet-symbolic.symbolic.png”
No GTK-Doc found, please install it
ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk-doc/1.18/gtk-doc-1.18.tar.xz
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk-doc/1.33/gtk-doc-1.33.0.tar.xz
checking for xsltproc… no
configure: error: xsltproc not found
http://xmlsoft.org/sources/libxslt-1.1.34.tar.gz
checking for DocBook XSL Stylesheets in XML catalog… not found
configure: error: could not find DocBook XSL Stylesheets in XML catalog
http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/docbook/docbook-xsl-1.68.1.tar.bz2
error: HAVE_INTROSPECTION does not appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
sudo apt install gobject-introspection
apt source gobject-introspection
至此：GTK 3.-編譯完成；

四、Xorg總編譯

4.1 編譯./configure --with-log-dir=/var/log；build
目前才到xorg層的編譯，總是編譯通過了，檢視版本
./hw/xfree86/Xorg -version
X.Org X Server 1.20.9
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
Build Operating System: Linux 4.15.0-55-generic x86_64
Current Operating System: Linux ubuntu 4.15.0-55-generic #60-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 2 18:22:20 UTC 2019 x86_64
Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-55-generic root=UUID=c97da4d9-89a2-4927-afc9-5b1e2fc16fa5 ro
Build Date: 25 October 2020 11:54:54PM
4.2 中間問題
(II) LoadModule: “ati”
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/driver/xf86-video-ati-19.1.0.tar.gzls
(WW) Warning, couldn’t open module ati
(EE) Failed to load module “ati” (module does not exist, 0)
(II) LoadModule: “modesetting”
(II) LoadModule: “fbdev”
(WW) Warning, couldn’t open module fbdev
(EE) Failed to load module “fbdev” (module does not exist, 0)
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/driver/xf86-video-fbdev-0.5.0.tar.gz
(II) LoadModule: “vesa”
(WW) Warning, couldn’t open module vesa
(EE) Failed to load module “vesa” (module does not exist, 0)
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/driver/xf86-video-vesa-2.5.0.tar.gz
(EE) No drivers available.
[294066.749] (EE) XKB: Couldn’t open rules file /usr/local/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev
408 [294066.749] (EE) XKB: Failed to load keymap. Loading default keymap instead.
409 [294066.749] (EE) XKB: Couldn’t open rules file /usr/local/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev
410 [294066.749] XKB: Failed to compile keymap
http://www.x.org/releases/individual/data/xkeyboard-config/xkeyboard-config-2.24.tar.bz2
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/driver/xf86-input-mouse-1.9.3.tar.gz
https://www.x.org/archive/individual/driver/xf86-video-amdgpu-19.1.0.tar.gz
4.3編譯後結構
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libexa.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libwfb.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libint10.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libvbe.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libshadow.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libglamoregl.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libvgahw.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libint10.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libglamoregl.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/ati_drv.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/ati_drv.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/radeon_drv.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/radeon_drv.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/input
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/input/libinput_drv.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/input/libinput_drv.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libwfb.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libvbe.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libshadowfb.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libshadow.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/extensions
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libvgahw.so
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libshadowfb.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libexa.la
/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.la

五、Xorg顯示測試

Xorg :1 -retro ——測試波形顯示
/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg vt1 -displayfd 3 -auth /run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority -background none -noreset -keeptty -verbose 3
sudo X vt8 :1 -auth /run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority -retro
能顯示即為正常

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