學習Hibernate5 JPA這一篇就夠了

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第一章 Hibernate5 JPA快速入門

1.1、Hibernate5 JPA概述

JPA的全稱是Java Persistence API， 即Java 持久化API，是SUN公司推出的一套基於ORM的規範，內部是由一系列的介面和抽象類構成。JPA通過JDK 5.0註解描述物件－關係表的對映關係，並將執行期的實體物件持久化到資料庫中

但是JPA僅僅只是一套介面規範和抽象類，並不能真正的去幹活，因此，就有很多廠商實現了JPA的規範，提供了相應的技術支援，就類似實現了JDBC的MySQL驅動，而本節課程將採用Hibernate實現作為驅動使用，因此我稱之為Hibernate5 JPA

1.2、Hibernate5 JPA下載

官方網址：hibernate orm

目錄介紹：

hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final資料夾介紹：

hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final\lib資料夾介紹：

1.3、Hibernate5 JPA工程搭建

前邊學習的Hibernate，接下來進行工程搭建，根Hibernate相比，它只需要再多加入一個包就行

把下面四個資料夾的內容全部拷貝到lib中

• hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final\lib\required

• hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final\lib\optional\c3p0

• hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final\lib\jpa

• 日誌記錄包

• 資料庫驅動

把下面五個資料夾的內容全部拷貝到lib中後，全部選中，右鍵Build Path一下

Java工程搭建好了以後，我們需要有一個資料庫（hibernate_jpa）和兩張表用於測試：

crm_cst_customer（客戶表）

CREATE TABLE `cst_customer` (
  `cust_id` BIGINT(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '客戶編號(主鍵)',
  `cust_name` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客戶名稱',
  `cust_source` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客戶資訊來源',
  `cust_industry` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客戶所屬行業',
  `cust_level` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客戶級別',
  `cust_phone` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '固定電話',
  `cust_mobile` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '行動電話',
  PRIMARY KEY (`cust_id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

crm_cst_linkman（聯絡人表）

CREATE TABLE `cst_linkman` (
  `lkm_id` BIGINT(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '聯絡人編號(主鍵)',
  `lkm_name` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '聯絡人姓名',
  `lkm_gender` CHAR(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '聯絡人性別',
  `lkm_phone` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '聯絡人辦公電話',
  `lkm_mobile` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '聯絡人手機',
  `lkm_email` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '聯絡人郵箱',
  `lkm_qq` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '聯絡人qq',
  `lkm_position` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '聯絡人職位',
  `lkm_memo` VARCHAR(512) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '聯絡人備註',
  `lkm_cust_id` BIGINT(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '客戶id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`lkm_id`),
  KEY `FK_cst_linkman_lkm_cust_id` (`lkm_cust_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_cst_linkman_lkm_cust_id` FOREIGN KEY (`lkm_cust_id`) REFERENCES `cst_customer` (`cust_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

在Java工程的src路徑下建立一個名為META-INF的資料夾，在此資料夾下建立一個名為persistence.xml的配置檔案

通用配置檔案（掌握）：

persistence.xml（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/META-INF/persistence.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence  
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
	version="2.0">
	<!-- 
		配置持久化單元
			* name				：持久化單元名稱
			* transaction-type	：持久化單元事務型別
				JTA				：開啟JTA分散式事務
				RESOURCE_LOCAL	：開啟本地事務
	 -->
	<persistence-unit name="myJpa" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
		<!-- 配置JPA服務提供商 -->
		<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
		<!-- 配置JPA的基本引數 -->
		<properties>
			<!-- 配置資料庫驅動 -->
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
			<!-- 配置資料庫地址 -->
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hibernate_jpa" />
			<!-- 配置資料庫賬戶 -->
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" />
			<!-- 配置資料庫密碼 -->
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="root" />
			
			<!-- 配置JPA服務提供商可選引數 -->
			<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
			<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
			<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create" />
		</properties>
	</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

整合C3P0連線池版本配置檔案（瞭解）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence  
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
	version="2.0">
	<!-- 
		配置持久化單元
			* name				：持久化單元名稱
			* transaction-type	：持久化單元事務型別
				JTA				：開啟JTA分散式事務
				RESOURCE_LOCAL	：開啟本地事務
	 -->
	<persistence-unit name="myJpa" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
		<!-- 配置JPA服務提供商 -->
		<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
		<!-- 配置JPA的基本引數 -->
		<properties>
			<!-- Hibernate JPA基本配置 -->
			<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hibernate_jpa" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.isolation" value="4" />
			<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
			<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class" value="thread" />

			<!-- Hibernate JPA可選配置 -->
			<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
			<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
			<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create" />

			<!-- Hibernate JPA整合C3P0資料庫連線池 -->
			<property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class" value="org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider" />
			<!-- 資料庫連線池的最小連線數 -->
			<property name="c3p0.min_size" value="5" />
			<!-- 資料庫連線池的最大連線數 -->
			<property name="c3p0.max_size" value="30" />
			<!-- 最大空閒時間，60秒內未使用則連線被丟棄。若為0則永不丟棄。Default: 0 -->
			<property name="c3p0.maxIdleTime" value="60" />
			<!-- 獲得連線的超時時間,如果超過這個時間,會丟擲異常，單位毫秒 -->
			<property name="c3p0.timeout" value="1800" />
			<!-- 最大的PreparedStatement的數量 -->
			<property name="c3p0.max_statements" value="50" />
			<!-- 每隔120秒檢查連線池裡的空閒連線，單位是秒 -->
			<property name="c3p0.idle_test_period" value="120" />
			<!-- 當連線池裡面的連線用完的時候，C3P0一下獲取的新的連線數 -->
			<property name="c3p0.acquire_increment" value="1" />
			<!-- 是否每次都驗證連線是否可用 -->
			<property name="c3p0.validate" value="false" />
		</properties>
	</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

對於本節課程來說，使用哪一個都可以，但是第一個更通用，更簡單，我們採用第一個，配置檔案有了以後，我們需要編寫實體類跟資料庫表的對映關係

Customer.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/Customer.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

/**
 * @Entity	：宣告是一個實體類
 * @Table	：配置實體類和表的對映關係
 * 	* name	：配置資料庫表的名稱
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_customer")
public class Customer {

	/**
	 * @Id				：宣告主鍵的配置
	 * @GeneratedValue	：配置主鍵的生成策略
	 *      strategy：
	 *          GenerationType.IDENTITY	：自增（底層資料庫必須支援自動增長），mysql
	 *          GenerationType.SEQUENCE	：序列（底層資料庫必須支援序列），oracle
	 *          GenerationType.TABLE	：JPA提供的一種機制，通過一張資料庫表的形式幫助我們完成主鍵自增
	 *          GenerationType.AUTO		：由程式自動的幫助我們選擇主鍵生成策略
	 * @Column			：配置屬性和欄位的對映關係
	 * 		name		：資料庫表中欄位的名稱
	 */
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "cust_id")
	private Long custId;

	@Column(name = "cust_name")
	private String custName;

	@Column(name = "cust_source")
	private String custSource;

	@Column(name = "cust_industry")
	private String custIndustry;

	@Column(name = "cust_level")
	private String custLevel;

	@Column(name = "cust_phone")
	private String custPhone;

	@Column(name = "cust_mobile")
	private String custMobile;

	public Long getCustId() {
		return custId;
	}

	public void setCustId(Long custId) {
		this.custId = custId;
	}

	public String getCustName() {
		return custName;
	}

	public void setCustName(String custName) {
		this.custName = custName;
	}

	public String getCustSource() {
		return custSource;
	}

	public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
		this.custSource = custSource;
	}

	public String getCustIndustry() {
		return custIndustry;
	}

	public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
		this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
	}

	public String getCustLevel() {
		return custLevel;
	}

	public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
		this.custLevel = custLevel;
	}

	public String getCustPhone() {
		return custPhone;
	}

	public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
		this.custPhone = custPhone;
	}

	public String getCustMobile() {
		return custMobile;
	}

	public void setCustMobile(String custMobile) {
		this.custMobile = custMobile;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Customer [custId=" + custId + ", custName=" + custName + ", custSource=" + custSource + ", custIndustry=" + custIndustry + ", custLevel=" + custLevel + ", custPhone=" + custPhone + ", custMobile=" + custMobile + "]";
	}

}

LinkMan.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/LinkMan.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_linkman")
public class LinkMan {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "lkm_id")
	private Long lkmId;

	@Column(name = "lkm_name")
	private String lkmName;

	@Column(name = "lkm_gender")
	private String lkmGender;

	@Column(name = "lkm_phone")
	private String lkmPhone;

	@Column(name = "lkm_mobile")
	private String lkmMobile;

	@Column(name = "lkm_email")
	private String lkmEmail;

	@Column(name = "lkm_qq")
	private String lkmQq;

	@Column(name = "lkm_position")
	private String lkmPosition;

	@Column(name = "lkm_memo")
	private String lkmMemo;

	public Long getLkmId() {
		return lkmId;
	}

	public void setLkmId(Long lkmId) {
		this.lkmId = lkmId;
	}

	public String getLkmName() {
		return lkmName;
	}

	public void setLkmName(String lkmName) {
		this.lkmName = lkmName;
	}

	public String getLkmGender() {
		return lkmGender;
	}

	public void setLkmGender(String lkmGender) {
		this.lkmGender = lkmGender;
	}

	public String getLkmPhone() {
		return lkmPhone;
	}

	public void setLkmPhone(String lkmPhone) {
		this.lkmPhone = lkmPhone;
	}

	public String getLkmMobile() {
		return lkmMobile;
	}

	public void setLkmMobile(String lkmMobile) {
		this.lkmMobile = lkmMobile;
	}

	public String getLkmEmail() {
		return lkmEmail;
	}

	public void setLkmEmail(String lkmEmail) {
		this.lkmEmail = lkmEmail;
	}

	public String getLkmQq() {
		return lkmQq;
	}

	public void setLkmQq(String lkmQq) {
		this.lkmQq = lkmQq;
	}

	public String getLkmPosition() {
		return lkmPosition;
	}

	public void setLkmPosition(String lkmPosition) {
		this.lkmPosition = lkmPosition;
	}

	public String getLkmMemo() {
		return lkmMemo;
	}

	public void setLkmMemo(String lkmMemo) {
		this.lkmMemo = lkmMemo;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "LinkMan [lkmId=" + lkmId + ", lkmName=" + lkmName + ", lkmGender=" + lkmGender + ", lkmPhone=" + lkmPhone + ", lkmMobile=" + lkmMobile + ", lkmEmail=" + lkmEmail + ", lkmQq=" + lkmQq + ", lkmPosition=" + lkmPosition + ", lkmMemo=" + lkmMemo + "]";
	}

}

1.4、Hibernate5 JPA增刪改查

CustomerJPATest.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/CustomerJPATest.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.junit.Test;

public class CustomerJPATest {

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
	 * 儲存操作
	 */
	@Test
	public void testSave() {
		// 獲取實體管理器工廠		
		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");
		// 獲取實體管理器
		EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		// 獲取事務
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		// 開啟事務
		transaction.begin();
		// 建立實體物件並儲存
		Customer customer1 = new Customer();
		customer1.setCustName("張三");
		entityManager.persist(customer1);

		Customer customer2 = new Customer();
		customer2.setCustName("李四");
		entityManager.persist(customer2);

		Customer customer3 = new Customer();
		customer3.setCustName("王五");
		entityManager.persist(customer3);
		// 提交事務
		transaction.commit();
		// 釋放資源
		entityManager.close();
		entityManagerFactory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 立即查詢操作
	 */
	@Test
	public void testQuery1() {
		// 獲取實體管理器工廠		
		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");
		// 獲取實體管理器
		EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		// 獲取事務
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		// 開啟事務
		transaction.begin();
		// 查詢實體並輸出
		Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 2L);
		System.out.println(customer);
		// 提交事務
		transaction.commit();
		// 釋放資源
		entityManager.close();
		entityManagerFactory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 延遲查詢操作
	 */
	@Test
	public void testQuery2() {
		// 獲取實體管理器工廠		
		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");
		// 獲取實體管理器
		EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		// 獲取事務
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		// 開啟事務
		transaction.begin();
		// 查詢實體並輸出
		Customer customer = entityManager.getReference(Customer.class, 2L);
		System.out.println(customer);
		// 提交事務
		transaction.commit();
		// 釋放資源
		entityManager.close();
		entityManagerFactory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 刪除操作
	 */
	@Test
	public void testDelete() {
		// 獲取實體管理器工廠		
		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");
		// 獲取實體管理器
		EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		// 獲取事務
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		// 開啟事務
		transaction.begin();
		// 查詢實體並刪除
		Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1L);
		entityManager.remove(customer);
		// 提交事務
		transaction.commit();
		// 釋放資源
		entityManager.close();
		entityManagerFactory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 更新操作
	 */
	@Test
	public void testUpdate() {
		// 獲取實體管理器工廠		
		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");
		// 獲取實體管理器
		EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		// 獲取事務
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		// 開啟事務
		transaction.begin();
		// 查詢實體並更新
		Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 2L);
		customer.setCustSource("電視廣告");
		entityManager.merge(customer);
		// 提交事務
		transaction.commit();
		// 釋放資源
		entityManager.close();
		entityManagerFactory.close();
	}

}

1.5、Hibernate5 JPA工具類

JPAUtil.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/JPAUtil.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

public class JPAUtil {

	private static EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;

	static {
		entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");
	}

	public static EntityManager getEntityManager() {
		return entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
	}

}

第二章 Hibernate5 JPA核心物件

2.1、Persistence

Persistence物件主要作用是用於獲取EntityManagerFactory物件的 。通過呼叫該類的createEntityManagerFactory靜態方法，根據配置檔案中持久化單元名稱建立EntityManagerFactory。

2.2、EntityManagerFactory

EntityManagerFactory 介面主要用來建立 EntityManager 例項。

2.3、EntityManager

在 JPA 規範中，EntityManager是完成持久化操作的核心物件。實體類作為普通 java物件，只有在呼叫 EntityManager將其持久化後才會變成持久化物件。EntityManager物件在一組實體類與底層資料來源之間進行 O/R 對映的管理。它可以用來管理和更新 Entity Bean，根椐主鍵查詢 Entity Bean, 還可以通過JPQL語句查詢實體。我們可以通過呼叫EntityManager的方法完成獲取事務，以及持久化資料庫的操作，例如：

• getTransaction：獲取事務物件
• persist：儲存操作
• merge：更新操作
• remove：刪除操作
• find/getReference：根據id查詢

2.4、EntityTransaction

在 JPA 規範中，EntityTransaction是完成事務操作的核心物件，對於EntityTransaction在我們的Java程式碼中承接的功能比較簡單。

• begin：開啟事務
• commit：提交事務
• rollback：回滾事務

第三章 Hibernate5 JPA對映配置

3.1、一對多關聯

3.1.1、修改實體

修改Customer.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/Customer.java）

在toString方法的下面新增多的集合

/**
 * 一對多：一的一方配置多的集合
 * @OneToMany	：對映一對多
 * 	* fetch		：抓取策略
 * 		FetchType.LAZY		：延遲載入（預設）
 * 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查詢（多表連線查詢）
 * 	* cascade	：級聯操作
 * 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：級聯儲存
 * 		CascadeType.MERGE	：級聯更新
 * 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：級聯刪除
 * 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支援
 *  * mappedBy	：放棄外來鍵維護
 */
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "customer")
private Set<LinkMan> linkMans = new HashSet<LinkMan>();

public Set<LinkMan> getLinkMans() {
	return linkMans;
}

public void setLinkMans(Set<LinkMan> linkMans) {
	this.linkMans = linkMans;
}

修改LinkMan.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/LinkMan.java）

在toString方法的下面新增一的物件

/**
 * 多對一：多的一方配置一的物件
 * @ManyToOne	：對映多對一
 * 	* fetch		：抓取策略
 * 		FetchType.LAZY		：延遲載入（預設）
 * 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查詢（多表連線查詢）
 * 	* cascade	：級聯操作
 * 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：級聯儲存
 * 		CascadeType.MERGE	：級聯更新
 * 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：級聯刪除
 * 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支援
 * @JoinColumn	：設定兩張表之間外來鍵列
 * 		name				；外來鍵的名稱
 */
@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumn(name = "lkm_cust_id")
private Customer customer = new Customer();

public Customer getCustomer() {
	return customer;
}

public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
	this.customer = customer;
}

3.1.2、測試程式碼

OneToManyTest.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/OneToManyTest.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;

import org.junit.Test;

public class OneToManyTest {

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
	 * 儲存客戶級聯儲存聯絡人
	 */
	@Test
	public void test1() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		// 建立兩個客戶
		Customer customer1 = new Customer();
		customer1.setCustName("張三");
		Customer customer2 = new Customer();
		customer2.setCustName("李四");

		// 建立三個聯絡人
		LinkMan linkMan1 = new LinkMan();
		linkMan1.setLkmName("鳳姐");
		LinkMan linkMan2 = new LinkMan();
		linkMan2.setLkmName("如花");
		LinkMan linkMan3 = new LinkMan();
		linkMan3.setLkmName("旺財");

		customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan1);
		customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan2);
		customer2.getLinkMans().add(linkMan3);
		linkMan1.setCustomer(customer1);
		linkMan2.setCustomer(customer1);
		linkMan3.setCustomer(customer2);

		entityManager.persist(customer1);
		entityManager.persist(customer2);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
	 * 儲存聯絡人級聯儲存客戶
	 */
	@Test
	public void test2() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		// 建立兩個客戶
		Customer customer1 = new Customer();
		customer1.setCustName("張三");
		Customer customer2 = new Customer();
		customer2.setCustName("李四");

		// 建立三個聯絡人
		LinkMan linkMan1 = new LinkMan();
		linkMan1.setLkmName("鳳姐");
		LinkMan linkMan2 = new LinkMan();
		linkMan2.setLkmName("如花");
		LinkMan linkMan3 = new LinkMan();
		linkMan3.setLkmName("旺財");

		customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan1);
		customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan2);
		customer2.getLinkMans().add(linkMan3);
		linkMan1.setCustomer(customer1);
		linkMan2.setCustomer(customer1);
		linkMan3.setCustomer(customer2);

		entityManager.persist(linkMan1);
		entityManager.persist(linkMan2);
		entityManager.persist(linkMan3);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 查詢客戶級聯查詢聯絡人
	 */
	@Test
	public void test3() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1L);
		System.out.println(customer);

		Set<LinkMan> linkMans = customer.getLinkMans();
		for (LinkMan linkMan : linkMans) {
			System.out.println(linkMan);
		}

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 查詢聯絡人級聯查詢客戶
	 */
	@Test
	public void test4() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		LinkMan linkMan = entityManager.find(LinkMan.class, 1L);
		System.out.println(linkMan);

		Customer customer = linkMan.getCustomer();
		System.out.println(customer);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 修改客戶、修改聯絡人，儲存客戶級聯儲存聯絡人
	 */
	@Test
	public void test5() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1L);
		customer.setCustSource("電視廣告");

		Set<LinkMan> linkMans = customer.getLinkMans();
		for (LinkMan linkMan : linkMans) {
			linkMan.setLkmMobile("15633029014");
		}

		entityManager.persist(customer);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 修改客戶、修改聯絡人，儲存聯絡人級聯儲存客戶
	 */
	@Test
	public void test6() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		LinkMan linkMan = entityManager.find(LinkMan.class, 1L);
		linkMan.setLkmMobile("110");

		Customer customer = linkMan.getCustomer();
		customer.setCustMobile("110");

		entityManager.persist(linkMan);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 刪除客戶級聯刪除聯絡人
	 */
	@Test
	public void test7() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1L);
		entityManager.remove(customer);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 刪除聯絡人級聯刪除客戶
	 */
	@Test
	public void test8() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		LinkMan linkMan = entityManager.find(LinkMan.class, 3L);
		entityManager.remove(linkMan);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

}

3.2、多對多關聯

sys_user（使用者表）

CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
  `user_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '使用者id',
  `user_code` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '使用者賬號',
  `user_name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '使用者名稱稱',
  `user_password` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '使用者密碼',
  `user_state` char(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '使用者狀態',
  PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

sys_role（角色表）

CREATE TABLE `sys_role` (
  `role_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '角色id',
  `role_name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色名稱',
  `role_memo` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色備註',
  PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

sys_user_role（中間表）

CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role` (
  `role_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色id',
  `user_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '使用者id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`,`user_id`),
  KEY `FK_user_role_user_id` (`user_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_user_role_role_id` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `sys_role` (`role_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `FK_user_role_user_id` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `sys_user` (`user_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

3.2.1、建立實體

User.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/User.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "sys_user")
public class User {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "user_id")
	private Long userId;

	@Column(name = "user_code")
	private String userCode;

	@Column(name = "user_name")
	private String userName;

	@Column(name = "user_password")
	private String userPassword;

	@Column(name = "user_state")
	private String userState;

	public Long getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}

	public void setUserId(Long userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}

	public String getUserCode() {
		return userCode;
	}

	public void setUserCode(String userCode) {
		this.userCode = userCode;
	}

	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}

	public String getUserPassword() {
		return userPassword;
	}

	public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) {
		this.userPassword = userPassword;
	}

	public String getUserState() {
		return userState;
	}

	public void setUserState(String userState) {
		this.userState = userState;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [userId=" + userId + ", userCode=" + userCode + ", userName=" + userName + ", userPassword=" + userPassword + ", userState=" + userState + "]";
	}

	/**
	 * 多對多：另一方的集合物件
	 * @ManyToMany	：對映多對多
	 * 	* fetch		：抓取策略
	 * 		FetchType.LAZY		：延遲載入（預設）
	 * 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查詢（多表連線查詢）
	 * 	* cascade	：級聯操作
	 * 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：級聯儲存
	 * 		CascadeType.MERGE	：級聯更新
	 * 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：級聯刪除
	 * 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支援
	 * @JoinTable	：用於對應中間表的設定
	 * 	* name				：中間表名稱
	 * 	* joinColumns		：設定中間表與本表關聯的外來鍵
	 * 	* inverseJoinColumns：設定中間表與關聯表對應的外來鍵
	 */
	@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
	@JoinTable(name = "sys_user_role", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id"))
	private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<Role>();

	public Set<Role> getRoles() {
		return roles;
	}

	public void setRoles(Set<Role> roles) {
		this.roles = roles;
	}

}

Role.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/Role.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "sys_role")
public class Role {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "role_id")
	private Long roleId;

	@Column(name = "role_name")
	private String roleName;

	@Column(name = "role_memo")
	private String roleMemo;

	public Long getRoleId() {
		return roleId;
	}

	public void setRoleId(Long roleId) {
		this.roleId = roleId;
	}

	public String getRoleName() {
		return roleName;
	}

	public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
		this.roleName = roleName;
	}

	public String getRoleMemo() {
		return roleMemo;
	}

	public void setRoleMemo(String roleMemo) {
		this.roleMemo = roleMemo;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Role [roleId=" + roleId + ", roleName=" + roleName + ", roleMemo=" + roleMemo + "]";
	}

	/**
	 * 多對多：另一方的集合物件
	 * @ManyToMany	：對映多對多
	 * 	* fetch		：抓取策略
	 * 		FetchType.LAZY		：延遲載入（預設）
	 * 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查詢（多表連線查詢）
	 * 	* cascade	：級聯操作
	 * 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：級聯儲存
	 * 		CascadeType.MERGE	：級聯更新
	 * 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：級聯刪除
	 * 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支援
	 *  * mappedBy	：放棄外來鍵維護
	 */
	@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "roles")
	private Set<User> users = new HashSet<User>();

	public Set<User> getUsers() {
		return users;
	}

	public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
		this.users = users;
	}

}

3.2.2、測試程式碼

ManyToManyTest.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/ManyToManyTest.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;

import org.junit.Test;

public class ManyToManyTest {

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
	 * 儲存使用者級聯儲存角色
	 */
	@Test
	public void test1() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		// 建立兩個使用者
		User user1 = new User();
		user1.setUserName("曹晨磊");
		User user2 = new User();
		user2.setUserName("曹晨旭");

		// 建立三個角色
		Role role1 = new Role();
		role1.setRoleName("呂布");
		Role role2 = new Role();
		role2.setRoleName("東皇");
		Role role3 = new Role();
		role3.setRoleName("趙雲");

		user1.getRoles().add(role1);
		user1.getRoles().add(role2);
		user2.getRoles().add(role3);
		role1.getUsers().add(user1);
		role2.getUsers().add(user1);
		role3.getUsers().add(user2);

		entityManager.persist(user1);
		entityManager.persist(user2);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
	 * 儲存角色級聯儲存使用者
	 */
	@Test
	public void test2() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		// 建立兩個使用者
		User user1 = new User();
		user1.setUserName("曹晨磊");
		User user2 = new User();
		user2.setUserName("曹晨旭");

		// 建立三個角色
		Role role1 = new Role();
		role1.setRoleName("呂布");
		Role role2 = new Role();
		role2.setRoleName("東皇");
		Role role3 = new Role();
		role3.setRoleName("趙雲");

		user1.getRoles().add(role1);
		user1.getRoles().add(role2);
		user2.getRoles().add(role3);
		role1.getUsers().add(user1);
		role2.getUsers().add(user1);
		role3.getUsers().add(user2);

		entityManager.persist(role1);
		entityManager.persist(role2);
		entityManager.persist(role3);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 查詢使用者級聯查詢角色
	 */
	@Test
	public void test3() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		User user = entityManager.find(User.class, 1L);
		System.out.println(user);

		Set<Role> roles = user.getRoles();
		for (Role role : roles) {
			System.out.println(role);
		}

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 查詢角色級聯查詢使用者
	 */
	@Test
	public void test4() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		Role role = entityManager.find(Role.class, 3L);
		System.out.println(role);

		Set<User> users = role.getUsers();
		for (User user : users) {
			System.out.println(user);
		}

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 修改使用者、修改角色，更新使用者級聯更新角色
	 */
	@Test
	public void test5() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		User user = entityManager.find(User.class, 1L);
		user.setUserPassword("123456");

		Set<Role> roles = user.getRoles();
		for (Role role : roles) {
			role.setRoleMemo("123456");
		}

		entityManager.merge(user);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 修改使用者、修改角色，更新角色級聯更新使用者
	 */
	@Test
	public void test6() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		Role role = entityManager.find(Role.class, 3L);
		role.setRoleMemo("123456");

		Set<User> users = role.getUsers();
		for (User user : users) {
			user.setUserPassword("123456");
		}

		entityManager.merge(role);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 刪除使用者級聯刪除角色
	 */
	@Test
	public void test7() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		User user = entityManager.find(User.class, 1L);
		entityManager.remove(user);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 刪除角色級聯刪除使用者
	 */
	@Test
	public void test8() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		Role role = entityManager.find(Role.class, 3L);
		entityManager.remove(role);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

}

3.3、一對一關聯

student_base_info（學生資訊基本表）

CREATE TABLE `student_base_info` (
  `stu_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '學生id',
  `stu_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '學生姓名',
  `stu_sex` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '學生性別',
  PRIMARY KEY (`stu_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

student_other_info（學生資訊擴充表）

CREATE TABLE `student_other_info` (
  `stu_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '學生id',
  `stu_img` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '學生頭像',
  `stu_address` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '學生地址',
  PRIMARY KEY (`stu_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_stu_id` FOREIGN KEY (`stu_id`) REFERENCES `student_base_info` (`stu_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

3.3.1、建立實體

StuBaseInfo.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/StuBaseInfo.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "student_base_info")
public class StuBaseInfo {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "stu_id")
	private Long stuId;

	@Column(name = "stu_name")
	private String stuName;

	@Column(name = "stu_sex")
	private String stuSex;

	public Long getStuId() {
		return stuId;
	}

	public void setStuId(Long stuId) {
		this.stuId = stuId;
	}

	public String getStuName() {
		return stuName;
	}

	public void setStuName(String stuName) {
		this.stuName = stuName;
	}

	public String getStuSex() {
		return stuSex;
	}

	public void setStuSex(String stuSex) {
		this.stuSex = stuSex;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "StuBaseInfo [stuId=" + stuId + ", stuName=" + stuName + ", stuSex=" + stuSex + "]";
	}

	/**
	 * 一對一：另一方的物件
	 * @OneToOne	：對映一對一
	 * 	* fetch		：抓取策略
	 * 		FetchType.LAZY		：延遲載入（預設）
	 * 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查詢（多表連線查詢）
	 * 	* cascade	：級聯操作
	 * 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：級聯儲存
	 * 		CascadeType.MERGE	：級聯更新
	 * 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：級聯刪除
	 * 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支援
	 *  * mappedBy	：放棄外來鍵維護
	 */
	@OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "stuBaseInfo")
	private StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo;

	public StuOtherInfo getStuOtherInfo() {
		return stuOtherInfo;
	}

	public void setStuOtherInfo(StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo) {
		this.stuOtherInfo = stuOtherInfo;
	}

}

StuOtherInfo.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/StuOtherInfo.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "student_other_info")
public class StuOtherInfo {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "stu_id")
	private Long stuId;

	@Column(name = "stu_img")
	private String stuImg;

	@Column(name = "stu_address")
	private String stuAddress;

	public Long getStuId() {
		return stuId;
	}

	public void setStuId(Long stuId) {
		this.stuId = stuId;
	}

	public String getStuImg() {
		return stuImg;
	}

	public void setStuImg(String stuImg) {
		this.stuImg = stuImg;
	}

	public String getStuAddress() {
		return stuAddress;
	}

	public void setStuAddress(String stuAddress) {
		this.stuAddress = stuAddress;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "StuOtherInfo [stuId=" + stuId + ", stuImg=" + stuImg + ", stuAddress=" + stuAddress + "]";
	}

	/**
	 * 一對一：另一方的物件
	 * @OneToOne	：對映一對一
	 * 	* fetch		：抓取策略
	 * 		FetchType.LAZY		：延遲載入（預設）
	 * 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查詢（多表連線查詢）
	 * 	* cascade	：級聯操作
	 * 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：級聯儲存
	 * 		CascadeType.MERGE	：級聯更新
	 * 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：級聯刪除
	 * 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支援
	 * @JoinColumn	：設定兩張表之間外來鍵列
	 * 		name				；外來鍵的名稱
	 */
	@OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
	@JoinColumn(name = "stu_id")
	private StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo ;

	public StuBaseInfo getStuBaseInfo() {
		return stuBaseInfo;
	}

	public void setStuBaseInfo(StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo) {
		this.stuBaseInfo = stuBaseInfo;
	}

}

3.3.2、測試程式碼

OneToOneTest.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/OneToOneTest.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;

import org.junit.Test;

public class OneToOneTest {

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
	 * 儲存學生基本資訊級聯儲存學生擴充資訊
	 */
	@Test
	public void test1() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		// 建立兩個學生基本資訊
		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo1 = new StuBaseInfo();
		stuBaseInfo1.setStuName("張三");
		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo2 = new StuBaseInfo();
		stuBaseInfo2.setStuName("李四");

		// 建立兩個學生擴充資訊
		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo1 = new StuOtherInfo();
		stuOtherInfo1.setStuImg("http:img.caochenlei.com/001.png");
		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo2 = new StuOtherInfo();
		stuOtherInfo2.setStuImg("http:img.caochenlei.com/002.png");

		stuBaseInfo1.setStuOtherInfo(stuOtherInfo1);
		stuBaseInfo2.setStuOtherInfo(stuOtherInfo2);
		stuOtherInfo1.setStuBaseInfo(stuBaseInfo1);
		stuOtherInfo2.setStuBaseInfo(stuBaseInfo2);

		entityManager.persist(stuBaseInfo1);
		entityManager.persist(stuBaseInfo2);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
	 * 儲存學生擴充資訊級聯儲存學生基本資訊
	 */
	@Test
	public void test2() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		// 建立兩個學生基本資訊
		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo1 = new StuBaseInfo();
		stuBaseInfo1.setStuName("張三");
		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo2 = new StuBaseInfo();
		stuBaseInfo2.setStuName("李四");

		// 建立兩個學生擴充資訊
		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo1 = new StuOtherInfo();
		stuOtherInfo1.setStuImg("http:img.caochenlei.com/001.png");
		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo2 = new StuOtherInfo();
		stuOtherInfo2.setStuImg("http:img.caochenlei.com/002.png");

		stuBaseInfo1.setStuOtherInfo(stuOtherInfo1);
		stuBaseInfo2.setStuOtherInfo(stuOtherInfo2);
		stuOtherInfo1.setStuBaseInfo(stuBaseInfo1);
		stuOtherInfo2.setStuBaseInfo(stuBaseInfo2);

		entityManager.persist(stuOtherInfo1);
		entityManager.persist(stuOtherInfo2);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 查詢學生基本資訊級聯查詢學生擴充資訊
	 */
	@Test
	public void test3() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = entityManager.find(StuBaseInfo.class, 1L);
		System.out.println(stuBaseInfo);
		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = stuBaseInfo.getStuOtherInfo();
		System.out.println(stuOtherInfo);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 查詢學生擴充資訊級聯查詢學生基本資訊
	 */
	@Test
	public void test4() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = entityManager.find(StuOtherInfo.class, 1L);
		System.out.println(stuOtherInfo);
		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = stuOtherInfo.getStuBaseInfo();
		System.out.println(stuBaseInfo);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 更新學生基本資訊級聯更新學生擴充資訊
	 */
	@Test
	public void test5() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = entityManager.find(StuBaseInfo.class, 1L);
		stuBaseInfo.setStuSex("男");
		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = stuBaseInfo.getStuOtherInfo();
		stuOtherInfo.setStuAddress("河北省");
		entityManager.merge(stuBaseInfo);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 更新學生擴充資訊級聯更新學生基本資訊
	 */
	@Test
	public void test6() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = entityManager.find(StuOtherInfo.class, 2L);
		stuOtherInfo.setStuAddress("河南省");
		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = stuOtherInfo.getStuBaseInfo();
		stuBaseInfo.setStuSex("女");
		entityManager.merge(stuOtherInfo);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 刪除學生基本資訊級聯刪除學生擴充資訊
	 */
	@Test
	public void test7() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = entityManager.find(StuBaseInfo.class, 1L);
		entityManager.remove(stuBaseInfo);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 執行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 * 刪除學生擴充資訊級聯刪除學生基本資訊
	 */
	@Test
	public void test8() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = entityManager.find(StuOtherInfo.class, 2L);
		entityManager.remove(stuOtherInfo);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

}

第四章 Hibernate5 JPA的JPQL查詢

初始化資料，執行init方法：

InitQueryData.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/InitQueryData.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;

import org.junit.Test;

public class InitQueryData {

	/**
	 * 執行前：修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
	 * 執行此方法
	 * 執行後：修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
	 */
	@Test
	public void init() {
		EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();

		// 建立一個客戶
		Customer customer1 = new Customer();
		customer1.setCustName("張三");
		customer1.setCustSource("電視廣告");
		// 建立十個聯絡人
		for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
			LinkMan linkMan = new LinkMan();
			linkMan.setLkmName("張三的聯絡人" + i);
			linkMan.setCustomer(customer1);
			customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan);
			entityManager.persist(linkMan);
		}
		entityManager.persist(customer1);

		// 建立一個客戶
		Customer customer2 = new Customer();
		customer2.setCustName("李四");
		customer2.setCustSource("網路論壇");
		// 建立十個聯絡人
		for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
			LinkMan linkMan = new LinkMan();
			linkMan.setLkmName("李四的聯絡人" + i);
			linkMan.setCustomer(customer2);
			customer2.getLinkMans().add(linkMan);
			entityManager.persist(linkMan);
		}
		entityManager.persist(customer2);

		// 建立一個客戶
		Customer customer3 = new Customer();
		customer3.setCustName("王五");
		customer3.setCustSource("街邊告示");
		// 建立十個聯絡人
		for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
			LinkMan linkMan = new LinkMan();
			linkMan.setLkmName("王五的聯絡人" + i);
			linkMan.setCustomer(customer3);
			customer3.getLinkMans().add(linkMan);
			entityManager.persist(linkMan);
		}
		entityManager.persist(customer3);

		// 建立一個客戶
		Customer customer4 = new Customer();
		customer4.setCustName("王五");
		customer4.setCustSource("電視廣告");
		entityManager.persist(customer4);

		transaction.commit();
		entityManager.close();
	}

}

以下的方法，均在下邊檔案進行測試：

JPQLTest.java（全路徑：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/JPQLTest.java）

4.1、簡單查詢

@Test
public void test1() {
	EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
	transaction.begin();

	// 查詢所有客戶
	Query query = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer");
	List<Customer> list = query.getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	transaction.commit();
	entityManager.close();
}

4.2、別名查詢

@Test
public void test2() {
	EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
	transaction.begin();

	// 查詢所有客戶
	Query query1 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer c");
	List<Customer> list1 = query1.getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list1) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 查詢所有客戶
	Query query2 = entityManager.createQuery("select c from Customer c");
	List<Customer> list2 = query2.getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list2) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	transaction.commit();
	entityManager.close();
}

4.3、排序查詢

@Test
public void test3() {
	EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
	transaction.begin();

	// 採用鏈式呼叫，預設情況（升序）
	List<Customer> list1 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer order by cust_id").getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list1) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 採用鏈式呼叫，升序情況
	List<Customer> list2 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer order by cust_id asc").getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list2) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 採用鏈式呼叫，降序情況
	List<Customer> list3 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer order by cust_id desc").getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list3) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	transaction.commit();
	entityManager.close();
}

4.4、條件查詢

@Test
public void test4() {
	EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
	transaction.begin();

	// 條件查詢：按引數位置繫結
	Query query1 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer where cust_source = ? and cust_name like ?");
	query1.setParameter(1, "電視廣告");
	query1.setParameter(2, "王%");
	List<Customer> list1 = query1.getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list1) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 條件查詢：按引數名稱繫結
	Query query2 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer where cust_source = :aaa and cust_name like :bbb");
	query2.setParameter("aaa", "電視廣告");
	query2.setParameter("bbb", "王%");
	List<Customer> list2 = query2.getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list2) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	transaction.commit();
	entityManager.close();
}

4.5、投影查詢

@Test
public void test5() {
	EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
	transaction.begin();

	// 查詢所有客戶名稱：單個欄位查詢
	Query query1 = entityManager.createQuery("select c.custName from Customer c");
	List<Object> list1 = query1.getResultList();
	for (Object cust_name : list1) {
		System.out.println(cust_name);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 查詢所有客戶名稱、客戶來源：多個欄位查詢，封裝到陣列中
	Query query2 = entityManager.createQuery("select c.custName,c.custSource from Customer c");
	List<Object[]> list2 = query2.getResultList();
	for (Object[] objects : list2) {
		System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 查詢所有客戶名稱、客戶來源：多個欄位查詢，封裝到物件中
	// 請在Customer.java新增以下兩個構造方法，否則會執行失敗
	// public Customer()
	// public Customer(String custName, String custSource)
	Query query3 = entityManager.createQuery("select new Customer(c.custName,c.custSource) from Customer c");
	List<Customer> list3 = query3.getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list3) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	transaction.commit();
	entityManager.close();
}

4.6、分頁查詢

@Test
public void test6() {
	EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
	transaction.begin();

	// 分頁查詢
	Query query = entityManager.createQuery("from LinkMan");
	query.setFirstResult(0);
	query.setMaxResults(10);
	List<LinkMan> list = query.getResultList();
	for (LinkMan linkMan : list) {
		System.out.println(linkMan);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	transaction.commit();
	entityManager.close();
}

4.7、分組查詢

@Test
public void test7() {
	EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
	transaction.begin();

	// 聚合函式：count(),max(),min(),avg(),sum()
	Object object = entityManager.createQuery("select count(*) from Customer").getSingleResult();
	System.out.println(object);
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 分組統計：
	List<Object[]> list = entityManager.createQuery("select custSource,count(*) from Customer group by cust_source").getResultList();
	for (Object[] objects : list) {
		System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	transaction.commit();
	entityManager.close();
}

4.8、多表查詢

@Test
public void test8() {
	EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
	transaction.begin();

	// 內連線
	List<Object[]> list1 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer c inner join c.linkMans").getResultList();
	for (Object[] objects : list1) {
		System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 迫切內連線（hibernate獨有，將另一個物件的資料封裝到該物件中）
	List<Customer> list2 = entityManager.createQuery("select distinct c from Customer c inner join fetch c.linkMans").getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list2) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 左外連線
	List<Object[]> list3 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer c left outer join c.linkMans").getResultList();
	for (Object[] objects : list3) {
		System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 迫切左外連線（hibernate獨有，將另一個物件的資料封裝到該物件中）
	List<Customer> list4 = entityManager.createQuery("select distinct c from Customer c left outer join fetch c.linkMans").getResultList();
	for (Customer customer : list4) {
		System.out.println(customer);
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	// 右外連線
	List<Object[]> list5 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer c right outer join c.linkMans").getResultList();
	for (Object[] objects : list5) {
		System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));
	}
	System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");

	transaction.commit();
	entityManager.close();
}