MinIO的詳細介紹可以參考官網(https://min.io/product/overview)。
簡單來說它是一個實現了AWS S3標準的100%開源的,可商用的( Apache V2 license),高效能的分散式物件儲存管理系統。
AWS S3是什麼(https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/112057573):
- 提供了統一的介面 REST/SOAP 來統一訪問任何資料
- 對 S3 來說,存在裡面的資料就是物件名(鍵),和資料(值)
- 不限量,單個檔案最高可達 5TB
- 高速。每個 bucket 下每秒可達 3500 PUT/COPY/POST/DELETE 或 5500 GET/HEAD 請求
- 具備版本,許可權控制能力
- 具備資料生命週期管理能力
這次主要介紹CentOS7如何安裝MinIO,以及C#如何使用MinIO的.NET SDK來上傳檔案(顯示上傳進度)。
首先安裝好CentOS7 64位作業系統,然後在/usr/local下新建一個minio目錄,在minio目錄下新建三個子資料夾,分別是:
bin 用來儲存minio的主程式
data 用來儲存使用者上傳的檔案
etc 用來儲存minio的配置檔案
然後新建MinIO執行所需的系統組和使用者
groupadd -g 2020 minio useradd -r -M -u 2020 -g 2020 -c "Minio User" -s /sbin/nologin minio
建立了一個組ID是2020,名稱是minio的系統組,然後新增了一個不能登入的名稱是minio,所屬組ID是2020並且個人ID也是2020的系統使用者。
MinIO預設提供的http訪問埠是9000,我們提前在防火牆裡把9000埠開啟
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9000/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
同時我們需要給MinIO掛載要給儲存空間比較大的磁碟用來儲存檔案
執行lvdisplay找到比較大的分割槽,掛載給/usr/local/minio目錄
執行
mount /dev/centos/home /usr/local/minio
把這個200多G的邏輯卷掛載給minio的目錄。
同時為了重啟後自動掛載,我們需要執行以下程式碼
vim /etc/fstab
把centos-home這句換成以下內容,儲存退出,就可以讓系統重啟後自動掛載空間到/usr/local/minio目錄了
/dev/mapper/centos-home /usr/local/minio xfs defaults 0 0
然後我們執行lsblk就可以看到磁碟空間正確掛載在minio目錄下了
從官網(或者通過下載工具下載到本地後上傳)下載(https://min.io/download#/linux)到CentOS的/usr/local/minio/bin目錄下
其中第二句(chmod +x minio)等把minio檔案移動到/usr/local/minio/bin後在執行
第三句先不要執行
下面我們建立MinIO的配置檔案
vim /usr/local/minio/etc/minio.conf
寫入以下內容(--address後面的IP 是CentOS的IP地址)
MINIO_VOLUMES="/usr/local/minio/data" MINIO_OPTS="-C /usr/local/minio/etc --address 192.168.127.131:9000
建立MinIO的service檔案,讓它隨系統啟動而啟動
vim /etc/systemd/system/minio.service
寫入以下內容
[Unit] Description=MinIO Documentation=https://docs.min.io Wants=network-online.target After=network-online.target AssertFileIsExecutable=/usr/local/minio/bin/minio [Service] # User and group User=minio Group=minio EnvironmentFile=/usr/local/minio/etc/minio.conf ExecStart=/usr/local/minio/bin/minio server $MINIO_OPTS $MINIO_VOLUMES # Let systemd restart this service always Restart=always # Specifies the maximum file descriptor number that can be opened by this process LimitNOFILE=65536 # Disable timeout logic and wait until process is stopped TimeoutStopSec=infinity SendSIGKILL=no [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
然後我們啟動MinIO
systemctl enable minio.service
systemctl start minio.service
systemctl status minio.service
啟動正常後,我們訪問http://192.168.127.131:9000就應該可以看到web管理端的登入介面
我們可以通過下面的命令來獲取到預設的登入名和密碼(minioadmin)
cat /usr/local/minio/data/.minio.sys/config/config.json
如果要自定義登入名和密碼,可以在/usr/local/minio/etc/minio.conf中增加兩個配置內容
MINIO_ACCESS_KEY="登入名"
MINIO_SECRET_KEY="登入密碼"
至此,MinIO的安裝就介紹完畢,下面是本文重點,C#中使用WPF客戶端如何獲取檔案上傳時的進度。
首先新建一個專案MinIO,專案型別是WPF,專案的.NET版本是4.6
引用官方的Minio .NET SDK以及其它一些需要的類庫
在專案的根目錄新增一個nlog.config並設定為較新時複製,內容如下(主要用來做一些日誌記錄):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd NLog.xsd" autoReload="true" throwExceptions="false" internalLogLevel="Info"> <targets> <default-target-parameters xsi:type="File" createDirs="true" keepFileOpen="true" autoFlush="false" openFileFlushTimeout="10" openFileCacheTimeout="30" archiveAboveSize="10240" archiveNumbering="Sequence" concurrentWrites="true" encoding="UTF-8"/> <target xsi:type="File" name="InfoFile" fileName="${basedir}/InfoLogs/log.txt" archiveFileName="${basedir}/InfoLogs/log.{#}.txt"> <layout xsi:type="JsonLayout"> <attribute name="counter" layout="${counter}" /> <attribute name="time" layout="${longdate}" /> <attribute name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/> <attribute name="message" layout="${message:format=message}" encode="false" /> </layout> </target> <target xsi:type="File" name="ErrorFile" fileName="${basedir}/ErrorLogs/log.txt" archiveFileName="${basedir}/ErrorLogs/log.{#}.txt"> <layout xsi:type="JsonLayout"> <attribute name="time" layout="${longdate}" /> <attribute name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/> <attribute name="message" layout="${message}" encode="false" /> <attribute name="exception"> <layout xsi:type="JsonLayout"> <attribute name="callsite" layout="${callsite}" /> <attribute name="callsite-linenumber" layout="${callsite-linenumber} " /> </layout> </attribute> </layout> </target> </targets> <rules> <logger name="*" minlevel="Info" writeTo="InfoFile" /> <logger name="*" minlevel="Error" writeTo="ErrorFile" /> </rules> </nlog>
在使用過程中發現MinIO的.NET SDK中並沒有回顯上傳進度的地方(如果有請告知),經過一些摸索,在它暴露的日誌記錄的地方獲取到當前上傳檔案塊的編號,通過MVVM的Messenger傳遞給主程式,主程式接收後計算出當前進度並顯示出來。
我們在App.xaml中新增一個啟動事件App_OnStartup,在啟動的時候初始化一下Nlog,並定義一下MinIO上傳時遇到大檔案分塊的預設值(5MB)
namespace MinIO { /// <summary> /// App.xaml 的互動邏輯 /// </summary> public partial class App : Application { public static NLog.Logger NewNLog; public static long MinimumPartSize = 5 * 1024L * 1024L;//單次上傳檔案請求最大5MB private void App_OnStartup(object sender, StartupEventArgs e) { NewNLog = NLog.LogManager.GetLogger("MinIOLoger"); } } }
在MainWindow.xaml中我們新增一個按鈕用來上傳檔案,一個TextBlock用來顯示上傳檔案資訊和進度
<Window x:Class="MinIO.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:MinIO" mc:Ignorable="d" DataContext="{Binding FileUploadViewModel,Source={StaticResource Locator}}" Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" Loaded="MainWindow_OnLoaded"> <Grid> <Button Content="上傳檔案" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="47,51,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="ButtonUpload_Click"/> <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="47,158,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top"> <Run Text=" 檔名:"></Run> <Run Text="{Binding Path=FileName}"></Run> <Run Text=" "></Run> <Run Text="檔案大小:"></Run> <Run Text="{Binding Path=FileSize}"></Run> <Run Text=" "></Run> <Run Text="上傳進度:"></Run> <Run Text="{Binding Path=UploadProcess}"></Run> </TextBlock> </Grid> </Window>
同時我們定義一個ViewModel來實現檔案上傳資訊變化時的通知(ViewModel目錄中新建一個FileUploadViewModel.cs)
using System.ComponentModel; namespace MinIO.ViewModel { public class FileUploadViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private string _filename { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 檔名 /// </summary> public string FileName { get => _filename; set { _filename = value; PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("FileName")); } } private long _fileSize { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 檔案大小 /// </summary> public long FileSize { get => _fileSize; set { _fileSize = value; PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("FileSize")); } } private long _partNumber { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 當前上傳塊 /// </summary> public long PartNumber { get => _partNumber; set { _partNumber = value; PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("PartNumber")); } } private long _totalParts { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 檔案全部塊數 /// </summary> public long TotalParts { get => _totalParts; set { _totalParts = value; PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("TotalParts")); } } private string _uploadProcess { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 上傳進度展示 /// </summary> public string UploadProcess { get => _uploadProcess; set { _uploadProcess = value; PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this,new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UploadProcess")); } } } }
同時為了能讓MinIO根據不同的檔案型別展示不同的圖示,我們還需要建立一個ContentType對應關係類(ContentTypeHelper.cs)
using System.Collections.Generic; namespace MinIO.Helper { public static class ContentTypeHelper { private static readonly Dictionary<string,string> DictionaryContentType=new Dictionary<string, string> { {"default","application/octet-stream"}, {"bmp","application/x-bmp"}, {"doc","application/msword"}, {"docx","application/msword"}, {"exe","application/x-msdownload"}, {"gif","image/gif"}, {"html","text/html"}, {"jpg","image/jpeg"}, {"mp4","video/mpeg4"}, {"mpeg","video/mpg"}, {"mpg","video/mpg"}, {"ppt","application/x-ppt"}, {"pptx","application/x-ppt"}, {"png","image/png"}, {"rar","application/zip"}, {"txt","text/plain"}, {"xls","application/x-xls"}, {"xlsx","application/x-xls"}, {"zip","application/zip"}, }; /// <summary> /// 根據副檔名(不含.)返回ContentType /// </summary> /// <param name="fileExtension">副檔名(不包含.)</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string GetContentType(string fileExtension) { return DictionaryContentType.ContainsKey(fileExtension) ? DictionaryContentType[fileExtension] : DictionaryContentType["default"]; } } }
我們需要新建一個實現MinIO中IRequestLogger介面的類(LogHelper.cs),用來接收日誌資訊通過處理日誌資訊,來計算出當前上傳進度資訊
using GalaSoft.MvvmLight.Messaging; using Minio; using Minio.DataModel.Tracing; using System.Net; namespace MinIO.Helper { public class LogHelper : IRequestLogger { public void LogRequest(RequestToLog requestToLog, ResponseToLog responseToLog, double durationMs) { if (responseToLog.statusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK) { foreach (var header in requestToLog.parameters) { if (!string.Equals(header.name, "partNumber")) continue; if(header.value==null) continue; int.TryParse(header.value.ToString(), out var partNumber);//minio遇到上傳檔案大於5MB時,會進行分塊傳輸,這裡就是當前塊的編號(遞增) Messenger.Default.Send(partNumber, "process");//傳送給主介面計算上傳進度 break; } } } } }
在MainWindow初始化的時候初始化MinIO的配置資訊,同時用MVVM的Messenger來接收當前上傳的塊編號,用來計算上傳進度。
using GalaSoft.MvvmLight.Messaging; using Microsoft.Win32; using Minio; using Minio.Exceptions; using MinIO.Helper; using MinIO.ViewModel; using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.IO; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows; namespace MinIO { /// <summary> /// MainWindow.xaml 的互動邏輯 /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { private static string _endpoint = "192.168.127.131:9000";//minio伺服器地址 private static string _accessKey = "minioadmin";//授權登入賬號 private static string _secretKey = "minioadmin";//授權登入密碼 private static MinioClient _minioClient; public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); } private void MainWindow_OnLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { _minioClient = new MinioClient(_endpoint, _accessKey, _secretKey); Messenger.Default.Register<int>(this, "process", obj => { try { Debug.WriteLine($"當前塊編號:{obj}"); if (obj == 0) { ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.UploadProcess = "0.00%"; return; } ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.PartNumber = obj; ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.UploadProcess = $"{(float)ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.PartNumber / ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.TotalParts:P2}";//計算檔案上傳進度 } catch (Exception exception) { App.NewNLog.Error($"計算上傳進度時出錯:{exception}"); } }); } private void ButtonUpload_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { var open = new OpenFileDialog { CheckFileExists = true, CheckPathExists = true, }; if (open.ShowDialog(this) == false) { return; } ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.FileName = open.SafeFileName; try { Dispatcher?.InvokeAsync(async () => { await Run(_minioClient, "test", open.FileName, ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.FileName); }); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); } } private static async Task Run(MinioClient minio, string userBucketName, string uploadFilePath, string saveFileName) { var bucketName = userBucketName; var location = "us-east-1"; var objectName = saveFileName; var filePath = uploadFilePath; var contentType = ContentTypeHelper.GetContentType(saveFileName.Substring(saveFileName.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)); var file = new FileInfo(uploadFilePath); try { var found = await minio.BucketExistsAsync(bucketName); if (!found) { await minio.MakeBucketAsync(bucketName, location); } _minioClient.SetTraceOn(new LogHelper());//我們在上傳開始的時候,開啟日誌,通過日誌丟擲的塊編號來計算出當前進度 ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.FileSize = file.Length; ViewModelLocator.Instance.FileUploadViewModel.TotalParts = file.Length / App.MinimumPartSize + 1;//計算出檔案總塊數 await minio.PutObjectAsync(bucketName, objectName, filePath, contentType);//上傳檔案 Debug.WriteLine("Successfully uploaded " + objectName); } catch (MinioException e) { App.NewNLog.Error($"File Upload Error: {e}"); Debug.WriteLine($"File Upload Error: {e.Message}"); } finally { _minioClient.SetTraceOff(); } } } }
具體效果如下:
至此,我們實現了CentOS7下安裝MinIO,並且在C#客戶端下展示檔案上傳進度的功能。
PS:程式碼還不完善,少了一個小於5M的時候,直接展示上傳成功的程式碼。