iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

我是好寶寶發表於2020-03-10

歡迎閱讀iOS探索系列(按序閱讀食用效果更加)

寫在前面

平常開發中經常用到KVC賦值取值、字典轉模型,但KVC的底層原理又是怎樣的呢?

Demo

一、KVC初探

1.KVC定義及API

KVC(Key-Value Coding)是利用NSKeyValueCoding 非正式協議實現的一種機制,物件採用這種機制來提供對其屬性的間接訪問

寫下KVC程式碼並點選跟進setValue會發現NSKeyValueCoding是在Foundation框架下

  • KVC通過對NSObject的擴充套件來實現的——所有整合了NSObject的類可以使用KVC
  • NSArray、NSDictionary、NSMutableDictionary、NSOrderedSet、NSSet等也遵守KVC協議
  • 除少數型別(結構體)以外都可以使用KVC
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        FXPerson *person = [FXPerson new];
        [person setValue:@"Felix" forKey:@"name"];
        [person setValue:@"Felix" forKey:@"nickname"];
    }
    return 0;
}
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KVC常用方法,這些也是我們在日常開發中經常用到的

// 通過 key 設值
- (void)setValue:(nullable id)value forKey:(NSString *)key;
// 通過 key 取值
- (nullable id)valueForKey:(NSString *)key;
// 通過 keyPath 設值
- (void)setValue:(nullable id)value forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath;
// 通過 keyPath 取值
- (nullable id)valueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath;
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NSKeyValueCoding類別的其它方法

// 預設為YES。 如果返回為YES,如果沒有找到 set<Key> 方法的話, 會按照_key, _isKey, key, isKey的順序搜尋成員變數, 返回NO則不會搜尋
+ (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly;
// 鍵值驗證, 可以通過該方法檢驗鍵值的正確性, 然後做出相應的處理
- (BOOL)validateValue:(inout id _Nullable * _Nonnull)ioValue forKey:(NSString *)inKey error:(out NSError **)outError;
// 如果key不存在, 並且沒有搜尋到和key有關的欄位, 會呼叫此方法, 預設丟擲異常。兩個方法分別對應 get 和 set 的情況
- (nullable id)valueForUndefinedKey:(NSString *)key;
- (void)setValue:(nullable id)value forUndefinedKey:(NSString *)key;
// setValue方法傳 nil 時呼叫的方法
// 注意文件說明: 當且僅當 NSNumber 和 NSValue 型別時才會呼叫此方法 
- (void)setNilValueForKey:(NSString *)key;
// 一組 key對應的value, 將其轉成字典返回, 可用於將 Model 轉成字典
- (NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)dictionaryWithValuesForKeys:(NSArray<NSString *> *)keys;
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2.擴充——自動生成的setter和getter方法

試想一下編譯器要為成千上萬個屬性分別生成settergetter方法那不得歇菜了嘛

於是乎蘋果開發者們就運用通用原則給所有屬性都提供了同一個入口——objc-accessors.mmsetter方法根據修飾符不同呼叫不同方法,最後統一呼叫reallySetProperty方法

iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

來到reallySetProperty再根據記憶體偏移量取出屬性,根據修飾符完成不同的操作

  • 在第一個屬性name賦值時,此時的記憶體偏移量為8,剛好偏移isa所佔記憶體(8位元組)來到name
  • 在第二個屬性nickname賦值時,此時的記憶體偏移量為16,剛好偏移isa、name所佔記憶體(8+8)來到nickname
    iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

至於是哪裡呼叫的objc_setProperty_nonatomic_copy

並不是在objc原始碼中,而在llvm原始碼中發現了它,根據它一層層找上去就能找到源頭

iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

二、KVC使用

相信大部分閱讀本文的小夥伴們都對KVC的使用都比較瞭解了,但筆者建議還是看一下查漏補缺

typedef struct {
    float x, y, z;
} ThreeFloats;

@interface FXPerson : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger age;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSArray  *family;
@property (nonatomic) ThreeFloats threeFloats;
@property (nonatomic, strong) FXFriend *friends;
@end

@interface FXFriend : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger age;
@end
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1.基本型別

注意一下NSInteger這類的屬性賦值時要轉成NSNumber或NSString

FXPerson *person = [FXPerson new];

[person setValue:@"Felix" forKey:@"name"];
[person setValue:@(18) forKey:@"age"];
NSLog(@"名字%@ 年齡%@", [person valueForKey:@"name"], [person valueForKey:@"age"]);
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列印結果:

2020-03-08 14:06:20.913692+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 名字Felix 年齡18
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2.集合型別

兩種方法對陣列進行賦值,更推薦使用第二種方法

FXPerson *person = [FXPerson new];
person.family = @[@"FXPerson", @"FXFather"];

// 直接用新的陣列賦值
NSArray *temp = @[@"FXPerson", @"FXFather", @"FXMother"];
[person setValue:temp forKey:@"family"];
NSLog(@"第一次改變%@", [person valueForKey:@"family"]);

// 取出陣列以可變陣列形式儲存,再修改
NSMutableArray *mTemp = [person mutableArrayValueForKeyPath:@"family"];
[mTemp addObject:@"FXChild"];
NSLog(@"第二次改變%@", [person valueForKey:@"family"]);
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列印結果:

2020-03-08 14:06:20.913794+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 第一次改變(
    FXPerson,
    FXFather,
    FXMother
)
2020-03-08 14:06:20.913945+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 第二次改變(
    FXPerson,
    FXFather,
    FXMother,
    FXChild
)
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3.訪問非物件型別——結構體

  • 對於非物件型別的賦值總是把它先轉成NSValue型別再進行儲存
  • 取值時轉成對應型別後再使用
FXPerson *person = [FXPerson new];

// 賦值
ThreeFloats floats = {180.0, 180.0, 18.0};
NSValue *value = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&floats objCType:@encode(ThreeFloats)];
[person setValue:value forKey:@"threeFloats"];
NSLog(@"非物件型別%@", [person valueForKey:@"threeFloats"]);

// 取值
ThreeFloats th;
NSValue *currentValue = [person valueForKey:@"threeFloats"];
[currentValue getValue:&th];
NSLog(@"非物件型別的值%f-%f-%f", th.x, th.y, th.z);
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列印結果:

2020-03-08 14:06:20.914088+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 非物件型別{length = 12, bytes = 0x000034430000344300009041}
2020-03-08 14:06:20.914182+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 非物件型別的值180.000000-180.000000-18.000000
2020-03-08 14:06:20.914333+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] (
    18,
    19,
    20,
    21,
    22,
    23
)
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4.集合操作符

  • 聚合操作符

    • @avg: 返回操作物件指定屬性的平均值
    • @count: 返回操作物件指定屬性的個數
    • @max: 返回操作物件指定屬性的最大值
    • @min: 返回操作物件指定屬性的最小值
    • @sum: 返回操作物件指定屬性值之和
  • 陣列操作符

    • @distinctUnionOfObjects: 返回操作物件指定屬性的集合--去重
    • @unionOfObjects: 返回操作物件指定屬性的集合
  • 巢狀操作符

    • @distinctUnionOfArrays: 返回操作物件(巢狀集合)指定屬性的集合--去重,返回的是 NSArray
    • @unionOfArrays: 返回操作物件(集合)指定屬性的集合
    • @distinctUnionOfSets: 返回操作物件(巢狀集合)指定屬性的集合--去重,返回的是 NSSet

集合操作符用得少之又少。下面舉個?

FXPerson *person = [FXPerson new];

NSMutableArray *friendArray = [NSMutableArray array];
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    FXFriend *f = [FXFriend new];
    NSDictionary* dict = @{
                           @"name":@"Felix",
                           @"age":@(18+i),
                           };
    [f setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];
    [friendArray addObject:f];
}
NSLog(@"%@", [friendArray valueForKey:@"age"]);

float avg = [[friendArray valueForKeyPath:@"@avg.age"] floatValue];
NSLog(@"平均年齡%f", avg);

int count = [[friendArray valueForKeyPath:@"@count.age"] intValue];
NSLog(@"調查人口%d", count);

int sum = [[friendArray valueForKeyPath:@"@sum.age"] intValue];
NSLog(@"年齡總和%d", sum);

int max = [[friendArray valueForKeyPath:@"@max.age"] intValue];
NSLog(@"最大年齡%d", max);

int min = [[friendArray valueForKeyPath:@"@min.age"] intValue];
NSLog(@"最小年齡%d", min);
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列印結果:

2020-03-08 14:06:20.914503+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 平均年齡20.500000
2020-03-08 14:06:20.914577+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 調查人口6
2020-03-08 14:06:20.914652+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 年齡總和123
2020-03-08 14:06:20.914739+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 最大年齡23
2020-03-08 14:06:20.914832+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] 最小年齡18
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5.層層巢狀

通過forKeyPath對例項變數(friends)進行取值賦值

FXPerson *person = [FXPerson new];

FXFriend *f = [[FXFriend alloc] init];
f.name = @"Felix的朋友";
f.age = 18;
person.friends = f;
[person setValue:@"Feng" forKeyPath:@"friends.name"];
NSLog(@"%@", [person valueForKeyPath:@"friends.name"]);
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列印結果:

2020-03-08 14:06:20.914927+0800 FXDemo[2998:151140] Feng
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三、KVC底層原理

由於NSKeyValueCoding的實現在Foundation框架,但它又不開源,我們只能通過KVO官方文件來了解它

1.設值過程

官方文件上對Setter方法的過程進行了這樣一段講解

iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

  1. set<Key>:_set<Key>:順序查詢物件中是否有對應的方法

    • 找到了直接呼叫設值
    • 沒有找到跳轉第2步
  2. 判斷accessInstanceVariablesDirectly結果

    • 為YES時按照_<key>_is<Key><key>is<Key>的順序查詢成員變數,找到了就賦值;找不到就跳轉第3步
    • 為NO時跳轉第3步
  3. 呼叫setValue:forUndefinedKey:。預設情況下會引發一個異常,但是繼承於NSObject的子類可以重寫該方法就可以避免崩潰並做出相應措施

iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

2.取值過程

同樣的官方文件上也給出了Getter方法的過程

iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

  1. 按照get<Key><key>is<Key>_<key>順序查詢物件中是否有對應的方法

    • 如果有則呼叫getter,執行第5步
    • 如果沒有找到,跳轉到第2步
  2. 查詢是否有countOf<Key>objectIn<Key>AtIndex: 方法(對應於NSArray類定義的原始方法)以及<key>AtIndexes: 方法(對應於NSArray方法objectsAtIndexes:)

    • 如果找到其中的第一個(countOf<Key>),再找到其他兩個中的至少一個,則建立一個響應所有 NSArray方法的代理集合物件,並返回該物件(即要麼是countOf<Key> + objectIn<Key>AtIndex:,要麼是countOf<Key> + <key>AtIndexes:,要麼是countOf<Key> + objectIn<Key>AtIndex: + <key>AtIndexes:)
    • 如果沒有找到,跳轉到第3步
  3. 查詢名為countOf<Key>enumeratorOf<Key>memberOf<Key>這三個方法(對應於NSSet類定義的原始方法)

    • 如果找到這三個方法,則建立一個響應所有NSSet方法的代理集合物件,並返回該物件
    • 如果沒有找到,跳轉到第4步
  4. 判斷accessInstanceVariablesDirectly

    • 為YES時按照_<key>_is<Key><key>is<Key>的順序查詢成員變數,找到了就取值
    • 為NO時跳轉第6步
  5. 判斷取出的屬性值

    • 屬性值是物件,直接返回
    • 屬性值不是物件,但是可以轉化為NSNumber型別,則將屬性值轉化為NSNumber 型別返回
    • 屬性值不是物件,也不能轉化為NSNumber型別,則將屬性值轉化為NSValue型別返回
  6. 呼叫valueForUndefinedKey:。預設情況下會引發一個異常,但是繼承於NSObject的子類可以重寫該方法就可以避免崩潰並做出相應措施

iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

四、自定義KVC

根據KVC的設值過程、取值過程,我們可以自定義KVC的setter方法和getter方法,但是這一切都是根據官方文件做出的猜測,自定義KVC只能在一定程度上取代系統KVC,大致流程幾乎一致:實現了 setValue:forUndefinedKey: 、 valueForUndefinedKey: 的呼叫,且 accessInstanceVariablesDirectly 無論為true為false,都能保持兩次呼叫

新建一個NSObject+FXKVC的分類,.h開放兩個方法,.m引入<objc/runtime.h>

  • - (void)fx_setValue:(nullable id)value forKey:(NSString *)key;
  • - (nullable id)fx_valueForKey:(NSString *)key;

1.自定義setter方法

  1. 非空判斷
if (key == nil || key.length == 0) return;
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  1. 找到相關方法set<Key>_set<Key>setIs<Key>,若存在就直接呼叫
NSString *Key = key.capitalizedString;
NSString *setKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"set%@:",Key];
NSString *_setKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_set%@:",Key];
NSString *setIsKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"setIs%@:",Key];

if ([self fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:setKey value:value]) {
    NSLog(@"*********%@**********",setKey);
    return;
} else if ([self fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:_setKey value:value]) {
    NSLog(@"*********%@**********",_setKey);
    return;
} else if ([self fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:setIsKey value:value]) {
    NSLog(@"*********%@**********",setIsKey);
    return;
}
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  1. 判斷是否能夠直接賦值例項變數,不能的情況下就呼叫setValue:forUndefinedKey:或丟擲異常
NSString *undefinedMethodName = @"setValue:forUndefinedKey:";
IMP undefinedIMP = class_getMethodImplementation([self class], NSSelectorFromString(undefinedMethodName));

if (![self.class accessInstanceVariablesDirectly]) {
    if (undefinedIMP) {
        [self fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:undefinedMethodName value:value key:key];
    } else {
        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"FXUnknownKeyException" reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"****[%@ %@]: this class is not key value coding-compliant for the key %@.", self, NSStringFromSelector(_cmd), key] userInfo:nil];
    }
    return;
}
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  1. 找相關例項變數進行賦值
NSMutableArray *mArray = [self getIvarListName];
NSString *_key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",key];
NSString *_isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_is%@",Key];
NSString *isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"is%@",Key];
if ([mArray containsObject:_key]) {
   Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self class], _key.UTF8String);
   object_setIvar(self , ivar, value);
   return;
} else if ([mArray containsObject:_isKey]) {
   Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self class], _isKey.UTF8String);
   object_setIvar(self , ivar, value);
   return;
} else if ([mArray containsObject:key]) {
   Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self class], key.UTF8String);
   object_setIvar(self , ivar, value);
   return;
} else if ([mArray containsObject:isKey]) {
   Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self class], isKey.UTF8String);
   object_setIvar(self , ivar, value);
   return;
}
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  1. 呼叫setValue:forUndefinedKey:或丟擲異常
if (undefinedIMP) {
    [self fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:undefinedMethodName value:value key:key];
} else {
    @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"FXUnknownKeyException" reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"****[%@ %@]: this class is not key value coding-compliant for the key %@.", self, NSStringFromSelector(_cmd), key] userInfo:nil];
}
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在這裡筆者存在一個疑問:沒有實現setValue:forUndefinedKey:時,當前類可以響應respondsToSelector這個方法,但是直接performSelector會崩潰,所以改用了判斷IMP是否為空

2.自定義getter方法

  1. 非空判斷
if (key == nil  || key.length == 0) return nil;
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  1. 找相關方法get<Key><key>,找到就返回(這裡使用-Warc-performSelector-leaks消除警告)
NSString *Key = key.capitalizedString;
NSString *getKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"get%@",Key];
    
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(getKey)]) {
    return [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(getKey)];
} else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(key)]) {
    return [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(key)];
}
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
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  1. NSArray進行操作:查詢countOf<Key>objectIn<Key>AtIndex方法
NSString *countOfKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"countOf%@",Key];
NSString *objectInKeyAtIndex = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"objectIn%@AtIndex:",Key];

#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(countOfKey)]) {
    if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(objectInKeyAtIndex)]) {
        int num = (int)[self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(countOfKey)];
        NSMutableArray *mArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];
        for (int i = 0; i<num-1; i++) {
            num = (int)[self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(countOfKey)];
        }
        for (int j = 0; j<num; j++) {
            id objc = [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(objectInKeyAtIndex) withObject:@(num)];
            [mArray addObject:objc];
        }
        return mArray;
    }
}
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
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  1. 判斷是否能夠直接賦值例項變數,不能的情況下就呼叫valueForUndefinedKey:或丟擲異常
NSString *undefinedMethodName = @"valueForUndefinedKey:";
IMP undefinedIMP = class_getMethodImplementation([self class], NSSelectorFromString(undefinedMethodName));

if (![self.class accessInstanceVariablesDirectly]) {
    
    if (undefinedIMP) {
    
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
        return [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(undefinedMethodName) withObject:key];
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
    } else {
        @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"FXUnknownKeyException" reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"****[%@ %@]: this class is not key value coding-compliant for the key %@.", self, NSStringFromSelector(_cmd), key] userInfo:nil];
    }
}
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  1. 找相關例項變數,找到了就返回
NSMutableArray *mArray = [self getIvarListName];
NSString *_key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",key];
NSString *_isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_is%@",Key];
NSString *isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"is%@",Key];
if ([mArray containsObject:_key]) {
    Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self class], _key.UTF8String);
    return object_getIvar(self, ivar);;
} else if ([mArray containsObject:_isKey]) {
    Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self class], _isKey.UTF8String);
    return object_getIvar(self, ivar);;
} else if ([mArray containsObject:key]) {
    Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self class], key.UTF8String);
    return object_getIvar(self, ivar);;
} else if ([mArray containsObject:isKey]) {
    Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self class], isKey.UTF8String);
    return object_getIvar(self, ivar);;
}
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  1. 呼叫valueForUndefinedKey:或丟擲異常
if (undefinedIMP) {
        
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
    return [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(undefinedMethodName) withObject:key];
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
} else {
    @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"FXUnknownKeyException" reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"****[%@ %@]: this class is not key value coding-compliant for the key %@.", self, NSStringFromSelector(_cmd), key] userInfo:nil];
}
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3.封裝的方法

這裡簡單封裝了幾個用到的方法

  • fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:value:key:安全呼叫方法及傳兩個引數
- (BOOL)fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:(NSString *)methodName value:(id)value key:(id)key {
 
    if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(methodName)]) {
        
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
        [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(methodName) withObject:value withObject:key];
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
        return YES;
    }
    return NO;
}
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  • fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:key:安全呼叫方法及傳參
- (BOOL)fx_performSelectorWithMethodName:(NSString *)methodName key:(id)key {
 
    if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(methodName)]) {
        
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
        [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(methodName) withObject:key];
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
        return YES;
    }
    return NO;
}
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  • getIvarListName取成員變數
- (NSMutableArray *)getIvarListName {
    
    NSMutableArray *mArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];
    unsigned int count = 0;
    Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([self class], &count);
    for (int i = 0; i<count; i++) {
        Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
        const char *ivarNameChar = ivar_getName(ivar);
        NSString *ivarName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:ivarNameChar];
        NSLog(@"ivarName == %@",ivarName);
        [mArray addObject:ivarName];
    }
    free(ivars);
    return mArray;
}
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KVC中還有一些異常小技巧,在前文中已經提及過,這裡再總結一下

五、KVC異常小技巧

1.技巧一——自動轉換型別

  • 用int型別賦值會自動轉成__NSCFNumber
[person setValue:@18 forKey:@"age"];
[person setValue:@"20" forKey:@"age"];
NSLog(@"%@-%@", [person valueForKey:@"age"], [[person valueForKey:@"age"] class]);
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  • 用結構體型別型別賦值會自動轉成NSConcreteValue
ThreeFloats floats = {1.0, 2.0, 3.0};
NSValue *value  = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&floats objCType:@encode(ThreeFloats)];
[person setValue:value forKey:@"threeFloats"];
NSLog(@"%@-%@", [person valueForKey:@"threeFloats"], [[person valueForKey:@"threeFloats"] class]);
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2.技巧二——設定空值

有時候在設值時設定空值,可以通過重寫setNilValueForKey來監聽,但是以下程式碼只有列印一次

// Int型別設定nil
[person setValue:nil forKey:@"age"];
// NSString型別設定nil
[person setValue:nil forKey:@"subject"];

@implementation FXPerson

- (void)setNilValueForKey:(NSString *)key {
    NSLog(@"設定 %@ 是空值", key);
}

@end
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這是因為setNilValueForKey只對NSNumber型別有效

iOS探索 KVC原理及自定義

3.技巧三——未定義的key

對於未定義的key我們可以通過重寫setValue:forUndefinedKey:valueForUndefinedKey:來監聽

@implementation FXPerson

- (void)setValue:(id)value forUndefinedKey:(NSString *)key {
    NSLog(@"未定義的key——%@",key);
}

- (id)valueForUndefinedKey:(NSString *)key {
    NSLog(@"未定義的key——%@",key);
    return @"未定義的key";
}

@end
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4.技巧四——鍵值驗證

一個比較雞肋的功能——鍵值驗證,可以自行展開做重定向

NSError *error;
NSString *name = @"Felix";
if (![person validateValue:&name forKey:@"names" error:&error]) {
    NSLog(@"%@",error);
}else{
    NSLog(@"%@", [person valueForKey:@"name"]);
}

@implementation FXPerson

- (BOOL)validateValue:(inout id  _Nullable __autoreleasing *)ioValue forKey:(NSString *)inKey error:(out NSError *__autoreleasing  _Nullable *)outError {
    if([inKey isEqualToString:@"name"]){
        [self setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"裡面修改一下: %@",*ioValue] forKey:inKey];
        return YES;
    }
    *outError = [[NSError alloc]initWithDomain:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ 不是 %@ 的屬性",inKey,self] code:10088 userInfo:nil];
    return NO;
}

@end
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寫在後面

我們平時開發中經常用到KVC,理解KVC的使用和原理對我們會有很大幫助,具體可以下載Demo操作一下

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