最近公司的專案升級到了 9.x,隨之而來的就是一大波的更新,其中有個比較明顯的改變就是很多板塊都出了一個帶標籤的設計圖,如下:
怎麼實現
看到這個,大多數小夥伴都能想到這就是一個簡單的圖文混排,不由得會想到鴻洋大佬的圖文並排控制元件 MixtureTextView,或者自己寫一個也不麻煩,只需要利用 shape 背景檔案結合 SpannableString
即可。
確實如此,利用 SpannableString
確實是最方便快捷的方式,但稍不注意這裡可能會踩坑。
private fun convertViewToBitmap(view: View): Bitmap {
view.isDrawingCacheEnabled = true
view.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED))
view.layout(0, 0, view.measuredWidth, view.measuredHeight)
view.buildDrawingCache()
val bitmap = view.drawingCache
view.isDrawingCacheEnabled = false
view.destroyDrawingCache()
return bitmap
}
fun setTagText(style: Int, content: String) {
val view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout_codoon_tag_textview, null)
val tagView = view.findViewById<CommonShapeButton>(R.id.tvName)
val tag = when (style) {
STYLE_NONE -> {
""
}
STYLE_CODOON -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_codoon.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_codoon.toColorRes())
"自營"
}
STYLE_JD -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_jd.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_jd.toColorRes())
"京東"
}
STYLE_TM -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_tm.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_tm.toColorRes())
"天貓"
}
STYLE_PDD -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_pdd.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_pdd.toColorRes())
"拼多多"
}
STYLE_TB -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_tb.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_tb.toColorRes())
"淘寶"
}
else -> {
""
}
}
val spannableString = SpannableString("$tag$content")
val bitmap = convertViewToBitmap(view)
val drawable = BitmapDrawable(resources, bitmap)
drawable.setBounds(0, 0, tagView.width, tagView.height)
spannableString.setSpan(CenterImageSpan(drawable), 0, tag.length, Spannable.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE)
text = spannableString
gravity = Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL
}
companion object {
const val STYLE_NONE = 0
const val STYLE_JD = 1
const val STYLE_TB = 2
const val STYLE_CODOON = 3
const val STYLE_PDD = 4
const val STYLE_TM = 5
}
xml 檔案的樣式就不必在這裡貼了,很簡單,就是一個帶 shape 背景的 TextView,不過由於 shape 檔案的極難維護性,在我們的專案中統一採用的是自定義 View 來實現這些圓角等效果。
詳細參考作者 blog:Android 專案中 shape 標籤的整理和思考
圓角 shape 等效果不是我們在這裡主要討論的東西,我們來看這個程式碼,思路也是很清晰簡潔:首先利用 LayoutInflater
返回一個 View
,然後對這個 View
經過一系列判斷邏輯確認裡面的顯示文案和描邊顏色等處理。然後通過 View
的 buildDrawingCache()
的方法生成一個 Bitmap 供 SpannableString
使用,然後再把 spannableString
設定給 textView
即可。
一些注意點
其中有個細節需要注意的是,利用 LayoutInflater
生成的 View
並沒有經過 measure()
和 layout()
方法的洗禮,所以一定沒對它的 width
和 height
等屬性賦值。
所以我們在 buildDrawingCache()
前做了至關重要的兩步操作:
view.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED))
view.layout(0, 0, view.measuredWidth, view.measuredHeight)
從 buildDrawingCache()
原始碼中我們可以看到,這個方法並不是一定會返回到正確的 Bitmap
,在我們的 View
的 CacheSize
大小超過了某寫裝置的預設值的時候,可能會返回 null。
系統給我了我們的預設最大的
DrawingCacheSize
為螢幕寬高乘積的 4 倍。
由於我們這裡的 View 是極小的,所以暫時沒有出現返回 null 的情況。
儘管上面的程式碼經過測試,基本上能在大部分機型上滿足需求。但本著被標記 @Deprecated
的過時方法,我們堅決不用的思想,我們需要對生成 Bitmap
的方法進行小範圍改造。
在最新的 SDK 中,我們發現 View
的 buildDrawingCache()
等一系列方法都已經被標記了 @Deprecated
。
/**
* <p>Calling this method is equivalent to calling <code>buildDrawingCache(false)</code>.</p>
*
* @see #buildDrawingCache(boolean)
*
* @deprecated The view drawing cache was largely made obsolete with the introduction of
* hardware-accelerated rendering in API 11. With hardware-acceleration, intermediate cache
* layers are largely unnecessary and can easily result in a net loss in performance due to the
* cost of creating and updating the layer. In the rare cases where caching layers are useful,
* such as for alpha animations, {@link #setLayerType(int, Paint)} handles this with hardware
* rendering. For software-rendered snapshots of a small part of the View hierarchy or
* individual Views it is recommended to create a {@link Canvas} from either a {@link Bitmap} or
* {@link android.graphics.Picture} and call {@link #draw(Canvas)} on the View. However these
* software-rendered usages are discouraged and have compatibility issues with hardware-only
* rendering features such as {@link android.graphics.Bitmap.Config#HARDWARE Config.HARDWARE}
* bitmaps, real-time shadows, and outline clipping. For screenshots of the UI for feedback
* reports or unit testing the {@link PixelCopy} API is recommended.
*/
@Deprecated
public void buildDrawingCache() {
buildDrawingCache(false);
}
從官方註釋中我們發現,使用檢視渲染已經過時,硬體加速後中間快取很多程度上都是不必要的,而且很容易導致效能的淨損失。
所以我們採用 Canvas
進行簡單改造一下:
private fun convertViewToBitmap(view: View): Bitmap? {
view.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED))
view.layout(0, 0, view.measuredWidth, view.measuredHeight)
val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.measuredWidth, view.measuredHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444)
val canvas = Canvas(bitmap)
canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE)
view.draw(canvas)
return bitmap
}
突如其來的崩潰
perfect,但很不幸,在上 4.x 某手機上測試的時候,發生了一個空指標崩潰。
一看日誌,發現我們在執行 view.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED))
這句程式碼的時候丟擲了系統層原始碼的 bug。
進入原始碼發現在 RelativeLayout
的 onMeasure()
中有這樣一段程式碼。
if (isWrapContentWidth) {
// Width already has left padding in it since it was calculated by looking at
// the right of each child view
width += mPaddingRight;
if (mLayoutParams != null && mLayoutParams.width >= 0) {
width = Math.max(width, mLayoutParams.width);
}
width = Math.max(width, getSuggestedMinimumWidth());
width = resolveSize(width, widthMeasureSpec);
// ...
}
}
看起來沒有任何問題,但對比 4.3 的原始碼,發現了一點端倪。
if (mLayoutParams.width >= 0) {
width = Math.max(width, mLayoutParams.width);
}
原來空指標報的是這個 layoutParams
。
再看看我們 inflate()
的程式碼。
val view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout_codoon_tag_textview, null)
對任何一位 Android 開發來講,都是最熟悉的程式碼了,意思很簡單,從 xml 中例項化 View
檢視,但是父檢視為 null,所以從 xml 檔案例項化的 View
檢視沒辦法 attach
到 View
層次樹中,所以導致了 layoutParams
這個引數為 null。
既然找到了原因,那麼解決方案也就非常簡單了。
只需要在 inflate()
後,再設定一下 params
就可以了。
view.layoutParams = ViewGroup.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)
至此,基本已經實現,主要邏輯程式碼為:
/**
* 電商專用的 TagTextView
* 後面可以擴充直接設定顏色和樣式的其他風格
*
* Author: nanchen
* Email: liusl@codoon.com
* Date: 2019/5/7 10:43
*/
class CodoonTagTextView @JvmOverloads constructor(
context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet? = null, defStyleAttr: Int = 0
) : AppCompatTextView(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {
private var tagTvSize: Float = 0f
init {
val array = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CodoonTagTextView)
val style = array.getInt(R.styleable.CodoonTagTextView_codoon_tag_style, 0)
val content = array.getString(R.styleable.CodoonTagTextView_codoon_tag_content)
tagTvSize = array.getDimension(R.styleable.CodoonTagTextView_codoon_tag_tv_size, 0f)
content?.apply {
setTagText(style, this)
}
array.recycle()
}
private fun convertViewToBitmap(view: View): Bitmap? {
// view.isDrawingCacheEnabled = true
view.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED))
view.layout(0, 0, view.measuredWidth, view.measuredHeight)
// view.buildDrawingCache()
// val bitmap = view.drawingCache
// view.isDrawingCacheEnabled = false
// view.destroyDrawingCache()
val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.measuredWidth, view.measuredHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444)
val canvas = Canvas(bitmap)
canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE)
view.draw(canvas)
return bitmap
}
fun setTagText(style: Int, content: String) {
val view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout_codoon_tag_textview, null)
view.layoutParams = ViewGroup.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)
val tagView = view.findViewById<CommonShapeButton>(R.id.tvName)
val tag = when (style) {
STYLE_NONE -> {
""
}
STYLE_CODOON -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_codoon.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_codoon.toColorRes())
"自營"
}
STYLE_JD -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_jd.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_jd.toColorRes())
"京東"
}
STYLE_TM -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_tm.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_tm.toColorRes())
"天貓"
}
STYLE_PDD -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_pdd.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_pdd.toColorRes())
"拼多多"
}
STYLE_TB -> {
tagView.setStrokeColor(R.color.tag_color_tb.toColorRes())
tagView.setTextColor(R.color.tag_color_tb.toColorRes())
"淘寶"
}
else -> {
""
}
}
if (tag.isNotEmpty()) {
tagView.text = tag
if (tagTvSize != 0f) {
tagView.textSize = tagTvSize.toDpF()
}
// if (tagHeight != 0f) {
// val params = tagView.layoutParams
// params.height = tagHeight.toInt()
// tagView.layoutParams = params
// }
}
val spannableString = SpannableString("$tag$content")
val bitmap = convertViewToBitmap(view)
bitmap?.apply {
val drawable = BitmapDrawable(resources, bitmap)
drawable.setBounds(0, 0, tagView.width, tagView.height)
spannableString.setSpan(CenterImageSpan(drawable), 0, tag.length, Spannable.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE)
}
text = spannableString
gravity = Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL
}
companion object {
const val STYLE_NONE = 0 // 不加
const val STYLE_JD = 1 // 京東
const val STYLE_TB = 2 // 淘寶
const val STYLE_CODOON = 3 // 自營
const val STYLE_PDD = 4 // 拼多多
const val STYLE_TM = 5 // 天貓
}
}