CentOS7安裝OpenStack(Rocky版)-02.安裝Keyston認證服務元件(控制節點)

天生帥才發表於2018-10-26

本文分享openstack的認證服務元件keystone

————— 完美的分割線 —————-

2.0.keystone認證服務

1)使用者與認證:使用者許可權與使用者行為跟蹤

User          使用者
Tenant        租戶
Token         令牌
Role          角色

2)服務目錄:提供一個服務目錄,包括所有服務項與相關API的端點

Service       服務
Endpoint      端點

2.1.在控制節點建立keystone相關資料庫

1)建立keystone資料庫並授權

mysql -p123456
--------------------------------
CREATE DATABASE keystone;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO `keystone`@`localhost` IDENTIFIED BY `keystone`;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO `keystone`@`%` IDENTIFIED BY `keystone`;
flush privileges;
show databases;
select user,host from mysql.user;
exit
--------------------------------

2.2.在控制節點安裝keystone相關軟體包

1)安裝keystone相關軟體包

# 配置Apache服務,使用帶有“mod_wsgi”的HTTP伺服器來相應認證服務請求,埠為5000和35357, 預設情況下,Kestone服務仍然監聽這些埠

yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi -y
yum install openstack-keystone python-keystoneclient openstack-utils -y

2)快速修改keystone配置

# 下面使用的快速配置方法需要安裝Openstack-utils才可以實現

openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone@controller/keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf token provider fernet

# 注意:keystone不需要連線rabbitmq

# 檢視生效的配置

egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/keystone/keystone.conf  

# 其他方式檢視生效配置

grep `^[a-z]` /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

# 例項演示:

[root@openstack01 tools]# grep `^[a-z]` /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone@controller/keystone
provider = fernet

# keystone不需要啟動,通過http服務進行呼叫

2.3.初始化同步keystone資料庫

1)同步keystone資料庫(44張)

su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

2)同步完成進行連線測試

# 保證所有需要的表已經建立,否則後面可能無法進行下去

mysql -h192.168.1.81 -ukeystone -pkeystone -e "use keystone;show tables;"

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# mysql -h192.168.1.81 -ukeystone -pkeystone -e "use keystone;show tables;"
+-----------------------------+
| Tables_in_keystone          |
+-----------------------------+
| access_token                |
| application_credential      |
| application_credential_role |
| assignment                  |
| config_register             |
| consumer                    |
| credential                  |
| endpoint                    |
| endpoint_group              |
| federated_user              |
| federation_protocol         |
| group                       |
| id_mapping                  |
| identity_provider           |
| idp_remote_ids              |
| implied_role                |
| limit                       |
| local_user                  |
| mapping                     |
| migrate_version             |
| nonlocal_user               |
| password                    |
| policy                      |
| policy_association          |
| project                     |
| project_endpoint            |
| project_endpoint_group      |
| project_tag                 |
| region                      |
| registered_limit            |
| request_token               |
| revocation_event            |
| role                        |
| sensitive_config            |
| service                     |
| service_provider            |
| system_assignment           |
| token                       |
| trust                       |
| trust_role                  |
| user                        |
| user_group_membership       |
| user_option                 |
| whitelisted_config          |
+-----------------------------+
[root@openstack01 ~]# mysql -h192.168.1.81 -ukeystone -pkeystone -e "use keystone;show tables;"|wc -l
45

2.4.初始化Fernet令牌庫

# Initialize Fernet key repositories:

# 關於Fernet令牌可以參考:https://blog.csdn.net/wllabs/article/details/79064094

# 以下命令無返回資訊

keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

2.5.配置啟動Apache(httpd) 

1)修改httpd主配置檔案

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf +95
----------------------------------
ServerName controller
----------------------------------

# 或者

sed  -i  "s/#ServerName www.example.com:80/ServerName 192.168.1.81/" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf |grep ServerName

2)配置虛擬主機

# 建立keystone虛擬主機配置檔案的快捷方式,也可以複製過來

ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

# 或者可以手動編輯建立該檔案

cat /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf
-------------------------------
[root@openstack01 ~]# cat /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf
Listen 5000

<VirtualHost *:5000>
    WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-public processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
    WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public
    WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
    WSGIPassAuthorization On
    LimitRequestBody 114688
    <IfVersion >= 2.4>
      ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
    </IfVersion>
    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone.log
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone_access.log combined

    <Directory /usr/bin>
        <IfVersion >= 2.4>
            Require all granted
        </IfVersion>
        <IfVersion < 2.4>
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
        </IfVersion>
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Alias /identity /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
<Location /identity>
    SetHandler wsgi-script
    Options +ExecCGI

    WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public
    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
    WSGIPassAuthorization On
</Location>
--------------------------------

3)啟動httpd並配置開機自啟動

systemctl start httpd.service
systemctl status httpd.service
netstat -anptl|grep httpd

systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl list-unit-files |grep httpd.service

# 如果http起不來,需要關閉 selinux 或者安裝 yum install openstack-selinux

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@openstack01 ~]# systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2018-10-26 18:06:20 CST; 98ms ago
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
 Main PID: 1978 (httpd)
   Status: "Processing requests..."
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─1978 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1981 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1982 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1983 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1984 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1985 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1986 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1988 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─1989 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

10月 26 18:06:20 openstack01.zuiyoujie.com systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
10月 26 18:06:20 openstack01.zuiyoujie.com systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
[root@openstack01 ~]# netstat -anptl|grep httpd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1978/httpd          
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1978/httpd          
[root@openstack01 ~]# systemctl enable httpd.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@openstack01 ~]# systemctl list-unit-files |grep httpd.service
httpd.service                                 enabled 

# 至此,http服務配置完成

2.6.初始化keystone認證服務

1)建立 keystone 使用者,初始化的服務實體和API端點

# 在之前的版本(queens之前),引導服務需要2個埠提供服務(使用者5000和管理35357),本版本通過同一個埠提供服務

# 建立keystone服務實體和身份認證服務,以下三種型別分別為公共的、內部的、管理的。

# 需要建立一個密碼ADMIN_PASS,作為登陸openstack的管理員使用者,這裡建立為123456

keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ADMIN_PASS 
  --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ 
  --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ 
  --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ 
  --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

# 以下為命令例項:

keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password 123456 
  --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ 
  --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ 
  --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ 
  --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

# 執行這條命令,會在keystone資料庫執增加以下任務,之前的版本需要手動建立:

1)在endpoint表增加3個服務實體的API端點
2)在local_user表中建立admin使用者
3)在project表中建立admin和Default專案(預設域)
4)在role表建立3種角色,admin,member和reader
5)在service表中建立identity服務

2)臨時配置管理員賬戶的相關變數進行管理

# 這裡的export OS_PASSWORD要使用上面配置的ADMIN_PASS

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

# 檢視宣告的變數

env |grep OS_

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# env|grep OS_
OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
OS_PASSWORD=123456
OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
OS_USERNAME=admin
OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default

# 之前的版本採用admin_token來設定初始化的管理使用者認證令牌,類似下面的

export OS_TOKEN=c0053993bb39ad3de84a
export OS_URL=http://192.168.1.81:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=http://controller:35357/v2.0

附:常用的openstack管理命令,需要應用管理員的環境變數

# 檢視keystone例項相關資訊

openstack endpoint list
openstack project list
openstack user list

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack endpoint list
+----------------------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+----------------------------+
| ID                               | Region    | Service Name | Service Type | Enabled | Interface | URL                        |
+----------------------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+----------------------------+
| b8dabe6c548e435eb2b1f7efe3b23236 | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | admin     | http://controller:5000/v3/ |
| eb72eb6ea51842feb67ba5849beea48c | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | internal  | http://controller:5000/v3/ |
| f172f6159ad34fbd8e10e0d42828d8cd | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | public    | http://controller:5000/v3/ |
+----------------------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+----------------------------+
[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack project list
+----------------------------------+-----------+
| ID                               | Name      |
+----------------------------------+-----------+
| 3706708374804e2eb4ed056f55d84666 | admin     |
| 84cc7185f2c8461eb19a14968228b272 | myproject |
| b8e318b3c7a844708762169959c34ff8 | service   |
+----------------------------------+-----------+
[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack user list
+----------------------------------+--------+
| ID                               | Name   |
+----------------------------------+--------+
| cbb2b3830a8f44bc837230bca27ae563 | myuser |
| e5dbfc8b394c41679fd5ce229cdd6ed3 | admin  |
+----------------------------------+--------+

# 刪除endpoint

# 以前的版本單獨建立endpoint可能會出錯需要刪除,新版本已經優化好,只要系統配置沒問題,會自動生成一般也不會出錯

openstack endpoint delete [ID]

2.7.建立keystone的一般例項

# Create a domain, projects, users, and roles

https://docs.openstack.org/keystone/rocky/install/keystone-users-rdo.html

1)建立一個名為example的keystone域

# 以下命令會在project表中建立名為example的專案

openstack domain create --description "An Example Domain" example

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack domain create --description "An Example Domain" example
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | An Example Domain                |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 17254ea898de477ca4a1f6f3cbc6c5bc |
| name        | example                          |
| tags        | []                               |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

2)為keystone系統環境建立名為service的專案提供服務

# 用於常規(非管理)任務,需要使用無特權使用者

# 以下命令會在project表中建立名為service的專案

openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Service Project                  |
| domain_id   | default                          |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | b8e318b3c7a844708762169959c34ff8 |
| is_domain   | False                            |
| name        | service                          |
| parent_id   | default                          |
| tags        | []                               |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

3)建立myproject專案和對應的使用者及角色

# 作為一般使用者(非管理員)的專案,為普通使用者提供服務

# 以下命令會在project表中建立名為myproject專案

openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" myproject

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" myproject
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Demo Project                     |
| domain_id   | default                          |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 84cc7185f2c8461eb19a14968228b272 |
| is_domain   | False                            |
| name        | myproject                        |
| parent_id   | default                          |
| tags        | []                               |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

4)在預設域建立myuser使用者

# 使用–password選項為直接配置明文密碼,使用–password-prompt選項為互動式輸入密碼
# 以下命令會在local_user表增加myuser使用者

openstack user create --domain default  --password-prompt myuser    # 互動式輸入密碼
# openstack user create --domain default  --password=myuser myuser    # 直接建立使用者和密碼

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack user create --domain default  --password-prompt myuser
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | cbb2b3830a8f44bc837230bca27ae563 |
| name                | myuser                           |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

5)在role表建立myrole角色

openstack role create myrole

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack role create myrole
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field     | Value                            |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | None                             |
| id        | 75ac33f79cc945afa42a18a3dd0ba0ad |
| name      | myrole                           |
+-----------+----------------------------------+

6)將myrole角色新增到myproject專案中和myuser使用者組中

# 以下命令無返回,資料表操作不太明顯

openstack role add --project myproject --user myuser myrole

2.8.驗證操作keystone是否安裝成功

1)去除環境變數

# 關閉臨時認證令牌機制,獲取 token,驗證keystone配置成功

unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD
env |grep OS_

2)作為管理員使用者去請求一個認證的token

# 測試是否可以使用admin賬戶進行登陸認證,請求認證令牌

openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 
  --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default 
  --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 
>   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default 
>   --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue
Password: 
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2018-10-26T11:48:40+0000                                                                                                                                                                |
| id         | gAAAAABb0vEIENgBaYEBJZSJX7RDelXdM2sHi_hbfT-FHTjd3z5j5Mt-sssJpW1EXeWVAbMdyBI2t9XNCxG5m1XNm_2k1xWP7WnbOYAp1rl2FZCwz4LL0F-mER_bOW-HnE0rjA6YvP0MzW4HVg0eEE_6zACr0R0NaaVytK_eRsvO_Lhco6vacYY |
| project_id | 3706708374804e2eb4ed056f55d84666                                                                                                                                                        |
| user_id    | e5dbfc8b394c41679fd5ce229cdd6ed3                                                                                                                                                        |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

3)使用普通使用者獲取認證token

# 以下命令使用”myuser“使用者的密碼和API埠5000,只允許對身份認證服務API的常規(非管理)訪問。

openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 
  --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default 
  --os-project-name myproject --os-username myuser token issue

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 ~]# openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 
>   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default 
>   --os-project-name myproject --os-username myuser token issue
Password: 
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2018-10-26T11:49:18+0000                                                                                                                                                                |
| id         | gAAAAABb0vEuxOrgkmLfcZJl8vB6dJyrHFtvxBT1m7qLYzuD-WkOVoQUzE9mTGcrKE6CrZbLU57Nc7mv-50-ggH9pf2qrW5uWQu7MRJcUb3rgpmoYn7EVdv8X0lGK3IiWEPSF48u1b2y7mEmvYb7TGOFO8l87of6L2aaJmdMxp9KgM87_3Mu2-g |
| project_id | 84cc7185f2c8461eb19a14968228b272                                                                                                                                                        |
| user_id    | cbb2b3830a8f44bc837230bca27ae563                                                                                                                                                        |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

 

2.9.建立OpenStack客戶端環境指令碼

# Create OpenStack client environment scripts

# 上面使用環境變數和命令選項的組合通過“openstack”客戶端與身份認證服務互動。
# 為了提升客戶端操作的效率,OpenStack支援簡單的客戶端環境變數指令碼即OpenRC 檔案,我這裡使用自定義的檔名

1)建立admin使用者的環境管理指令碼

# vim admin-openrc
cd /server/tools
vim keystone-admin-pass.sh
----------------------------------
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
----------------------------------
env |grep OS_

# 應用:
如果修改dashboard登陸密碼忘記了,可以使用admin_token認證機制修改登陸密碼

2)建立普通使用者myuser的客戶端環境變數指令碼

vim keystone-myuser-pass.sh
-------------------------------
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=myproject
export OS_USERNAME=myuser
export OS_PASSWORD=myuser
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
-------------------------------

3)測試環境管理指令碼

# 使用指令碼載入相關客戶端配置,以便快速使用特定租戶和使用者執行客戶端

source keystone-admin-pass.sh

4)請求認證令牌

openstack token issue

例項演示:

[root@openstack01 tools]# openstack token issue
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2018-10-26T12:13:28+0000                                                                                                                                                                |
| id         | gAAAAABb0vbYr--LRd1NJ9ZXH68zSR4mIW4hDr6UqqiPmsA7vNEGDcMx8o-6Ihy8o47c5jo5GInOCe9KpKMfbXtdWPz6QkkWzZcFMqwXYS4tUI8DjjamEUBqFwlI10Oxbq7pEIGKVtFdMrOHy3EoLmE1rjY0p4DDm48pt3u8ON807nr0MUa1zIE |
| project_id | 3706708374804e2eb4ed056f55d84666                                                                                                                                                        |
| user_id    | e5dbfc8b394c41679fd5ce229cdd6ed3                                                                                                                                                        |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

# 可以看到user_id和上面用命令獲取到的是一樣的,說明配置成功

# 至此,keystone安裝完畢

======== 完畢,呵呵呵呵 ========

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