LINUX下ORACLE增量備份的步驟

操作步驟：

 

1     檢視作業系統版本

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cat /proc/version

Linux version 2.6.18-164.el5 (mockbuild@x86-003.build.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)) #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:48 EDT 2009

 

2     檢視資料庫版本

 

SQL>  select * from v$version;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit

PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE    10.2.0.1.0      Production

TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

 

3     檢視資料庫的名字

 

SQL> show parameter db_name;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_name                              string      NACEC

 

4     檢視歸檔狀態

 

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     42

Next log sequence to archive   44

Current log sequence           44

 

5     設定歸檔日誌的格式

 

SQL>alter system set log_archive_format='ARC%s%t%r.log' scope=spfile;

 

6     設定歸檔日誌的存放路徑

 

SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G

SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest=’/dat/DBSoftware/oracle/flash_recovery_area’;

SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1=’location=/home/FRA’

SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_10=’LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST’;

SQL>shutdown immediate

SQL>startup

SQL>alter system switch logfile;

 

7     啟動控制檔案的自動備份

 

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> show controlfile autobackup;

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

 

8     檢視是否用spfile引數檔案

 

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string

VALUE的值為空，資料庫是用pfile檔案啟動的，如果有值，則為spfile啟動

建立spfile引數檔案

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

會在$oracle_home/dbs/下生成spfileSID.ora

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  268435456 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218868 bytes

Variable Size              88082124 bytes

Database Buffers          171966464 bytes

Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> show parameter spfile;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string      /dat/DBSoftware/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilenacec.ora

 

9     使用rman的冗餘策略，預設為7天

 

RMAN> configure retention policy to recovery window of 15 days;

 

10    啟動塊更改跟蹤檔案

 

SQL>alter database enable block change tracking using file '/home/rob10gr2_block_change.fil';  

 

11    在/home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/下建立backuplevel0.rcv和backuplevel1.rcv指令碼

 

backuplevel0.rcv內容：

#   script.:bakuplevel0.rcv

#   creater:liu shiming

#   date:2010/6/28

#   desc:backup level0 database datafile in archive with rman

# connect database

#!/bin/bash

export ORACLE_BASE=/home/DBSoftware/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=NACEC

export PATH=/home/DBSoftware/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:$PATH

rman target/ << EOF_RMAN

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

backup incremental level 0 tag 'db0' format '/home/liusm/BackupDatabase/rmanbackup/db0_%d_%T_%s' database include current controlfile;

sql'alter system archive log current';

backup filesperset 3 format '/home/liusm/BackupDatabase/rmanbackup/arch0_%d_%T_%s' archivelog all delete input;

release channel c1;

}

# end

 

backuplevel1.rcv內容：

#   script.:bakuplevel1.rcv

#   creater:liu shiming

#   date:2010/6/27

#   desc:backup level1 database datafile in archive with rman

# connect database

#!/bin/bash

export ORACLE_BASE=/home/DBSoftware/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=NACEC

export PATH=/home/DBSoftware/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:$PATH

rman target/ << EOF_RMAN

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

backup incremental level 1 tag 'db1' format '/home/liusm/BackupDatabase/rmanbackup/db1_%d_%T_%s' database include current controlfile;

sql'alter system archive log current';

backup filesperset 3 format '/home/liusm/BackupDatabase/rmanbackup/arch1_%d_%T_%s' archivelog all delete input;

release channel c1;

}

# end

 

給這兩個指令碼授予執行的許可權：

 

[oracle@NACEC BackupDatabase]$ chmod +x  *.rcv

(注意：要試執行指令碼：./backuplevel1.rcv)

 

12   用crontab指定執行時間

 

[oracle@NACEC BackupDatabase]$ crontab -e

crontab: installing new crontab

[oracle@NACEC BackupDatabase]$ crontab -l

0 1 * * 0  /home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/backuplevel0.rcv

0 1 * * 3  /home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/backuplevel0.rcv

0 1 * * 1-2  /home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/backuplevel1.rcv

0 1 * * 4-6  /home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/backuplevel1.rcv

週日和週三凌晨1：00執行0級備份，週一、二、四、五、六凌晨1：00執行1級備份

內容：

0 1 * * 0  /home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/backuplevel0.rcv

0 1 * * 3  /home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/backuplevel0.rcv

0 1 * * 1-2  /home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/backuplevel1.rcv

0 1 * * 4-6  /home/NACEC/BackupDatabase/backuplevel1.rcv

 

13   建立基於資料庫的自動備份,使用JOB完成

begin

dbms_scheduler.create_job(

job_name=>'nacec_job0',

job_type=>'executable',

job_action=>'/dat/DBData/oradata/scripts/backuplevel0.sh',

repeat_interval=>'freq=weekly;byday=WED,SUN;byhour=01;byminute=00');

end;

/

exec dbms_scheduler.enable('nacec_job0');

 

begin

dbms_scheduler.create_job(

job_name=>'job1_nacec',

job_type=>'executable',

job_action=>'/dat/DBData/oradata/scripts/backuplevel1.sh',

repeat_interval=>'freq=weekly;byday=MON,TUE,THU,FRI,SAT;byhour=01;byminute=00');

end;

/

exec dbms_scheduler.enable('job1_nacec');