oracle 每個季度都會發布最新的補丁。對於生產運維人員來說，定期升級系統、打補丁是日常工作中不可缺少的部分。

 相對於過去的版本，Oracle打補丁的方式已經變得比較簡單，處理PSU的方法也發生了一些變化。在11g中，對於一些小bug的修復，我們可以使用OPatch工具進行補丁修復。對於大的版本升級，Oracle的PSU實際上就是一系列全新的安裝檔案，從MOS上下載之後就可以直接進行安裝。

1、關閉

Oracle的PSU升級不更新資料字典，風險較小，但是還是需要停庫進行升級操作。

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from  Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
停止監聽服務。
[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$ lsnrctl stop
檢查服務程式
[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$  ps aux | grep ora_
oracle    6922  0.0  0.0   5700   796 pts/3    S+   17:48   0:00 grep ora_
[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$   ps aux | grep tns
oracle    6924  0.0  0.0   5704   796 pts/3    S+   17:48   0:00 grep tns

2、檢查opatch版本資訊，需要的話進行升級

[oracle@bntjftest OPatch]$ ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.1.7
OPatch succeeded.

檢查發現opatch版本較低，為預設版本，所以需要升級opatch。升級方法很簡單，直接mv掉原來的opatch目錄，然後解壓最新版本的opatch軟體到ORACLE_HOME下面即可

[oracle@bntjftest OPatch]$ unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64-opatch .zip  -d $ORACLE_HOME

再次檢查版本，發現已經升級成功。
[oracle@bntjftest OPatch]$  ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.6
OPatch succeeded.

3、應用PSU補丁

1）插曲一、安裝錯誤

[oracle@bntjftest OPatch]$ ./opatch apply ./20299015/
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.6
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Oracle Home       : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /app/oraInventory
   from           : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.6
OUI version       : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-14_10-45-03AM_1.log


Verifying environment and perming prerequisite checks...
Prerequisite check "CheckPatchApplicableOnCurrentPlatform" failed.
The details are:
Patch ( 20299015 ) is not applicable>UtilSession failed: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
Log file location: /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-14_10-45-03AM_1.log
OPatch failed with error code 73


不使用自動模式，手工執行，一樣報錯：

[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$ /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch napply -skip_subset -skip_duplicate
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.6
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Oracle Home       : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /app/oraInventory
   from           : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.6
OUI version       : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-14_10-45-03AM_1.log


Verifying environment and perming prerequisite checks...
Prerequisite check "CheckPatchApplicableOnCurrentPlatform" failed.
The details are:
Patch ( 20299015 ) is not applicable>UtilSession failed: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
Log file location: /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-14_10-45-03AM_1.log
OPatch failed with error code 73




上網baidu，“ UtilSession failed: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed”， 很快就查到解決辦法，明確了其實就是因為有使用者程式佔用了檔案libclntsh.so.11

[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$  /s/fuser /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11 .1
/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1:  16470m
[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$  ps -ef | grep 16470
oracle    16470 5399  0 14:45 pts/2    00:00:00 sqlplus   as sysdba
oracle    7780  6617  0 18:47 pts/3    00:00:00 grep 16470
[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$  kill -9  16470
[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$  /sbin/fuser /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1

3）再次重新應用PSU補丁，成功

[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$ /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch napply -skip_subset -skip_duplicate
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.6
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Oracle Home       : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /app/oraInventory
   from           : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.6
OUI version       : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-14_10-45-03AM_1.log


Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches:   [17811429 17811438 17811447 18203835 18203837 18203838 19463893 19544839 19584068 19972564 19972566 19972568 19972569 20142975 20299015 20506699 20506715 20631274]


Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.
Provide your email address to be informed of security issues, install and
initiate Oracle Configuration Manager. Easier for you if you use your My
Oracle Support Email address/User Name.
Visit for details.
Email address/User Name:


You have not provided an email address for notification of security issues.
Do you wish to remain uninformed of security issues ([Y]es, [N]o) [N]:  y

OPatch Session completed with warnings.
Log file location: /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-14_10-45-03AM_1.log

OPatch completed with warnings.

 

4、檢查應用之後的結果

[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$ ../opatch lspatches
20631274;
20506715;
20506699;
20299015;
20142975;
19972569;
19972568;
19972566;
19972564;
19584068;
19544839;
19463893;
18203838;
18203837;
18203835;
17811447;
17811438;
17811429;

[oracle@bntjftest 20299015]$ ../opatch lsinventory
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.6
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Oracle Home       : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /app/oraInventory
   from           : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.6
OUI version       : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-14_11-04-15AM_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2015-05-14_11-04-15AM.txt

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (1):

Oracle Database 11g                                                  11.2.0.4.0
There are 1 product(s) installed in this Oracle Home.

Interim patches (18) :

Patch  20631274     : applied on Wed May 13 17:11:06 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18695736
   Created on 13 Mar 2015, 10:25:35 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     20296213, 17600719, 19458377, 19554106, 20631274, 16524926, 19466309

Patch  20506715     : applied on Wed May 13 17:11:02 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18695736
   Created on 13 Mar 2015, 10:23:10 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     19049453, 19915271, 16450169, 17006570, 17811456, 18554871, 17786278
     18096714, 18744139, 20506715, 18061914

Patch  20506699     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:57 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18695736
   Created on 13 Mar 2015, 11:23:48 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     20506699, 19358317, 19197175, 19972570, 17762296

Patch  20299015     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:54 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18695736
   Created on 13 Mar 2015, 10:28:05 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     20299015, 18139690, 18681862, 17343514, 19727057, 19271443, 19854503, 17551709

Patch  20142975     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:53 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18406185
   Created on 22 Dec 2014, 00:47:05 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     19827973, 19463897, 19289642, 20142975

Patch  19972569     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:51 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18406185
   Created on 22 Dec 2014, 00:21:09 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     19972569, 19006849

Patch  19972568     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:50 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18406185
   Created on 22 Dec 2014, 00:13:36 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     19972568, 19309466

Patch  19972566     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:48 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18406185
   Created on 22 Dec 2014, 00:03:20 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     19972566, 18641461, 18641451

Patch  19972564     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:45 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18406185
   Created on 21 Dec 2014, 23:54:58 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     19972564, 18436647

Patch  19584068     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:43 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18084194
   Created on 24 Sep 2014, 07:43:52 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     18262334, 19584068

Patch  19544839     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:40 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18084194
   Created on 11 Oct 2014, 01:43:34 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     18673325, 19544839, 19211724, 18673304

Patch  19463893     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:26 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  18084194
   Created on 24 Sep 2014, 06:28:06 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     19463893, 18641419

Patch  18203838     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:24 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  17351342
   Created on 26 Feb 2014, 23:57:58 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     17865671, 18203838

Patch  18203837     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:21 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  17351342
   Created on 26 Feb 2014, 23:48:38 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     17716305, 18203837

Patch  18203835     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:19 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  17351342
   Created on 26 Feb 2014, 23:43:04 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     17721717, 18203835

Patch  17811447     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:17 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  17066906
   Created on 11 Dec 2013, 02:20:51 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     17811447, 17088068

Patch  17811438     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:15 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  17066906
   Created on 11 Dec 2013, 02:37:11 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     17811438, 16721594

Patch  17811429     : applied on Wed May 13 17:10:13 CST 2015
Unique Patch ID:  17066906
   Created on 11 Dec 2013, 02:36:54 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     17811429, 13944971

 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

SQL> select * from dba_registry_history;


ACTION_TIME                    ACTION   NAMESPAC VERSION            ID BUNDL COMMENTS
------------------------------ -------- -------- ---------- ---------- ----- --------------------
05-MAY-15 09.24.08.184589 AM   APPLY    SERVER   11.2.0.4            0 PSU   Patchset 11.2.0.2.0
13-MAY-15 05.17.48.578053 PM   APPLY    SERVER   11.2.0.4            6 CPU   CPUApr2015


2 rows selected.