1. 下載Linux對應的RPM包，如：CentOS6.7_64對應的RPM包，如下：
[root@mysql ~]# ll
總用量 113808
-rw-------. 1 root root 1434 12月 13 18:47 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 42556 12月 13 18:47 install.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10033 12月 13 18:45 install.log.syslog
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 23135399 12月 13 18:56 MySQL-client-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4586217 12月 13 18:56 MySQL-devel-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 88715219 12月 13 18:56 MySQL-server-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
2. 檢查MySQL及相關RPM包，是否安裝，如果有安裝，則移除（rpm –e 名稱）
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ev mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --nodeps
3. 安裝MySQL
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%]
warning: user mysql does not exist - using root
warning: group mysql does not exist - using root
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at
New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]
4. 初始化MySQL及設定密碼
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db -- mysql_install_db指令碼來生成帳戶和相應許可權許可表
WARNING: The host 'mysql' could not be looked up with /usr/bin/resolveip.
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
。。省略輸出。。
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server
[root@mysql ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@mysql ~]# cat /root/.mysql_secret --檢視root賬號密碼
# The random password set for the root user at Tue Dec 13 18:59:06 2016 (local time): 7MhtyX3aZEl9OUf8
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: --（此處複製貼上 7MhtyX3aZEl9OUf8）
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.2
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
說明：出現mysql> 表示一切順利成功。
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456'); --設定密碼為123456
5. 允許遠端登陸
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | password |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| mysql | root | *6D95CDA252C85345E8BC1C4168E962D3949C30F9 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *6D95CDA252C85345E8BC1C4168E962D3949C30F9 |
| ::1 | root | *6D95CDA252C85345E8BC1C4168E962D3949C30F9 |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
6. 設定開機自啟動
[root@mysql ~]# chkconfig mysql on
[root@mysql ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關閉
7. MySQL的預設安裝位置
/var/lib/mysql/ #資料庫目錄
/usr/share/mysql #配置檔案目錄
/usr/bin #相關命令目錄
/etc/init.d/mysql #啟動指令碼
8. 更改MySQL目錄與字符集
[root@mysql01 /]# cd /
[root@mysql01 /]# mkdir data #建立data目錄
[root@mysql01 /]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL.... [ OK ]
[root@mysql01 /]# mv /var/lib/mysql /data #把/var/lib/mysql整個目錄移到/home/data
[root@mysql01 /]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/binarylog
[root@mysql01 /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

如果/etc/目錄下沒有my.cnf配置檔案，請到/usr/share/mysql/下找到*.cnf檔案，複製其中一個到/etc/並改名為my.cnf中
[root@mysql ~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf --修改配置檔案位置
配置/etc/my.cnf檔案,修改資料存放路徑、mysql.sock路徑以及預設編碼utf-8.
[root@mysql01 /]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[client]
password = 123456
port = 3306
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
character_set_server = utf8
character_set_client = utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_connections = 1000
datadir = /data/mysql/
log_bin = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock

檢視字符集
show variables like '%collation%';
show variables like '%char%';

9. 重新啟動MySQL服務

[root@mysql ~]# service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
OK 一切成功

CentOS 6 下RPM方式安裝MySQL5.6

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