Oracle ASM Partnership and Status Table
Partnership and Status Table(PST)包含了關於磁碟組中所有ASM磁碟的資訊，比如，磁碟號，磁碟狀態，夥伴磁碟號，心跳資訊與故障磁碟組資訊(11g及以後版本)。PST跟蹤磁碟組的成員關係與磁碟的夥伴關係。ASM為了在mount磁碟組時來判斷是否有足夠的一組磁碟被online就會諮詢PST。每個ASM磁碟中的AU 1被保留給PST使用，但只有某些磁碟有PST資料。
PST count
在任何時候，磁碟組有受限數量的活動PSTs。PSTs的數量是由磁碟組的冗餘型別與故障磁碟組數量所決定的。對於外部冗餘磁碟組它只有一個PST副本。對於正常冗餘磁碟組至少有兩個PST副本。如果存在三個或多個故障磁碟組，它將有三個PST副本。對於高冗餘磁碟組至少有三個PST副本。如果存在四個故障磁碟組，它將有四個PST副本，並且如果有五個或多個故障磁碟組，它將有五個PST副本。
下面透過例子來說明每種冗餘磁碟組所包含的PST數量
1.外部冗餘磁碟組
SQL> create diskgroup testdg external redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6','/dev/raw/raw7','/dev/raw/raw12','/dev/raw/raw13','/dev/raw/raw14'; Diskgroup created.
ASM alert log資訊如下:
SQL> create diskgroup testdg external redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6','/dev/raw/raw7','/dev/raw/raw12','/dev/raw/raw13','/dev/raw/raw14' NOTE: Assigning number (4,0) to disk (/dev/raw/raw5) NOTE: Assigning number (4,1) to disk (/dev/raw/raw6) NOTE: Assigning number (4,2) to disk (/dev/raw/raw7) NOTE: Assigning number (4,3) to disk (/dev/raw/raw12) NOTE: Assigning number (4,4) to disk (/dev/raw/raw13) NOTE: Assigning number (4,5) to disk (/dev/raw/raw14) NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0000 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0001 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0002 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0003 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0004 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0005 NOTE: initiating PST update: grp = 4 Thu Dec 22 08:51:03 2016 GMON updating group 4 at 16 for pid 30, osid 6861 NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0000 (PST copy 0) NOTE: PST update grp = 4 completed successfully
從上面的資訊可以看到只有一個PST副本
2.正常冗餘磁碟組
SQL> create diskgroup testdg normal redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6','/dev/raw/raw7','/dev/raw/raw12','/dev/raw/raw13','/dev/raw/raw14'; Diskgroup created.
ASM alert log資訊如下:
SQL> create diskgroup testdg normal redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6','/dev/raw/raw7','/dev/raw/raw12','/dev/raw/raw13','/dev/raw/raw14' NOTE: Assigning number (4,0) to disk (/dev/raw/raw5) NOTE: Assigning number (4,1) to disk (/dev/raw/raw6) NOTE: Assigning number (4,2) to disk (/dev/raw/raw7) NOTE: Assigning number (4,3) to disk (/dev/raw/raw12) NOTE: Assigning number (4,4) to disk (/dev/raw/raw13) NOTE: Assigning number (4,5) to disk (/dev/raw/raw14) NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0000 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0001 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0002 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0003 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0004 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0005 Fri Dec 23 08:05:45 2016 GMON updating for reconfiguration, group 4 at 24 for pid 30, osid 6861 NOTE: group 4 PST updated. NOTE: initiating PST update: grp = 4 GMON updating group 4 at 25 for pid 30, osid 6861 NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0000 (PST copy 0) NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0001 (PST copy 1) NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0002 (PST copy 2) NOTE: PST update grp = 4 completed successfully
從上面的資訊可以看到有三個PST副本
3.高冗餘磁碟組
SQL> create diskgroup testdg high redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6','/dev/raw/raw7','/dev/raw/raw12','/dev/raw/raw13','/dev/raw/raw14'; Diskgroup created.
ASM alert log資訊如下:
SQL> create diskgroup testdg high redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6','/dev/raw/raw7','/dev/raw/raw12','/dev/raw/raw13','/dev/raw/raw14' NOTE: Assigning number (4,0) to disk (/dev/raw/raw5) NOTE: Assigning number (4,1) to disk (/dev/raw/raw6) NOTE: Assigning number (4,2) to disk (/dev/raw/raw7) NOTE: Assigning number (4,3) to disk (/dev/raw/raw12) NOTE: Assigning number (4,4) to disk (/dev/raw/raw13) NOTE: Assigning number (4,5) to disk (/dev/raw/raw14) NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0000 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0001 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0002 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0003 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0004 NOTE: initializing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0005 Fri Dec 23 08:18:04 2016 GMON updating for reconfiguration, group 4 at 33 for pid 30, osid 6861 NOTE: group 4 PST updated. NOTE: initiating PST update: grp = 4 GMON updating group 4 at 34 for pid 30, osid 6861 NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0000 (PST copy 0) NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0001 (PST copy 1) NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0002 (PST copy 2) NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0003 (PST copy 3) NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0004 (PST copy 4) NOTE: PST update grp = 4 completed successfully
從上面的資訊可以看到有五個PST副本
PST重新定位
在以下情況下PST將會重新定位:
.(在ASM啟動時)磁碟的PST不可用
.磁碟離線
.當對PST執行讀/寫時出現I/O錯誤
.磁碟被刪除
對於以上情況PST將會被重新定位到相同故障磁碟組的另一個磁碟上(相同故障磁碟組中可用的磁碟上）或另一個故障磁碟組中的磁碟上(哪些不包括PST副本的磁碟）。
例如:
SQL> drop diskgroup testdg; Diskgroup dropped. SQL> create diskgroup testdg normal redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6','/dev/raw/raw7','/dev/raw/raw12','/dev/raw/raw13','/dev/raw/raw14'; Diskgroup created.
ASM alert log資訊顯示PST副本分佈儲存在disk 0,1和2:
NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0000 (PST copy 0) NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0001 (PST copy 1) NOTE: group TESTDG: initial PST location: disk 0002 (PST copy 2) 我們現在來刪除disk 0:
SQL> select disk_number, name, path from v$asm_disk_stat where group_number = (select group_number from v$asm_diskgroup_stat where name='TESTDG') order by disk_number asc;
DISK_NUMBER NAME PATH
----------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
0 TESTDG_0000 /dev/raw/raw5
1 TESTDG_0001 /dev/raw/raw6
2 TESTDG_0002 /dev/raw/raw7
3 TESTDG_0003 /dev/raw/raw12
4 TESTDG_0004 /dev/raw/raw13
5 TESTDG_0005 /dev/raw/raw14
6 rows selected.
SQL> alter diskgroup testdg drop disk TESTDG_0000;
Diskgroup altered.
ASM alert log資訊
SQL> alter diskgroup testdg drop disk TESTDG_0000 NOTE: GroupBlock outside rolling migration privileged region NOTE: requesting all-instance membership refresh for group=4 Fri Dec 23 09:05:37 2016 GMON updating for reconfiguration, group 4 at 50 for pid 30, osid 6861 NOTE: group 4 PST updated. Fri Dec 23 09:05:38 2016 NOTE: membership refresh pending for group 4/0xce186197 (TESTDG) GMON querying group 4 at 51 for pid 18, osid 5012 SUCCESS: refreshed membership for 4/0xce186197 (TESTDG) NOTE: starting rebalance of group 4/0xce186197 (TESTDG) at power 1 SUCCESS: alter diskgroup testdg drop disk TESTDG_0000 Starting background process ARB0 Fri Dec 23 09:05:41 2016 ARB0 started with pid=36, OS id=23811 NOTE: assigning ARB0 to group 4/0xce186197 (TESTDG) with 1 parallel I/O cellip.ora not found. NOTE: F1X0 copy 1 relocating from 0:2 to 4:28 for diskgroup 4 (TESTDG) Fri Dec 23 09:05:53 2016 NOTE: stopping process ARB0 SUCCESS: rebalance completed for group 4/0xce186197 (TESTDG) NOTE: Attempting voting file refresh on diskgroup TESTDG NOTE: Refresh completed on diskgroup TESTDG. No voting file found. Fri Dec 23 09:05:53 2016 NOTE: GroupBlock outside rolling migration privileged region NOTE: requesting all-instance membership refresh for group=4 Fri Dec 23 09:05:56 2016 GMON updating for reconfiguration, group 4 at 52 for pid 36, osid 23854 NOTE: group 4 PST updated. SUCCESS: grp 4 disk TESTDG_0000 emptied NOTE: erasing header on grp 4 disk TESTDG_0000 NOTE: process _x000_+asm1 (23854) initiating offline of disk 0.3915944465 (TESTDG_0000) with mask 0x7e in group 4 NOTE: initiating PST update: grp = 4, dsk = 0/0xe9689211, mask = 0x6a, op = clear GMON updating disk modes for group 4 at 53 for pid 36, osid 23854 NOTE: group TESTDG: updated PST location: disk 0001 (PST copy 0) NOTE: group TESTDG: updated PST location: disk 0002 (PST copy 1) NOTE: group TESTDG: updated PST location: disk 0003 (PST copy 2)
我們現在來刪除disk 0:
SQL> select disk_number, name, path from v$asm_disk_stat where group_number = (select group_number from v$asm_diskgroup_stat where name='TESTDG') order by disk_number asc;
DISK_NUMBER NAME PATH
----------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
0 TESTDG_0000 /dev/raw/raw5
1 TESTDG_0001 /dev/raw/raw6
2 TESTDG_0002 /dev/raw/raw7
3 TESTDG_0003 /dev/raw/raw12
4 TESTDG_0004 /dev/raw/raw13
5 TESTDG_0005 /dev/raw/raw14
6 rows selected.
PST可用性
PST表的資料要先於其他ASM後設資料之前可用。當磁碟組被請求mount時，GMON程式(在ASM例項請求mount)會讀取磁碟組中的所有磁碟來找到並驗證所有可用的PST副本。一旦它驗證有足夠的PST，就會mount磁碟組。從這個時刻開始，PST表的資訊儲存在ASM例項的cache裡；位於GMON 程式的PGA中，由PT.n.0 enqueue排他鎖進行保護。對於同一叢集的其他ASM例項，在啟動之後會把PST表快取在自己的GMON PGA中，加上共享的PT.n.0 enqueue。只有擁有排他PT enqueue鎖的GMON程式（10gR1中為CKPT），可以更新磁碟中的PST表資訊。
PST(GMON)跟蹤
每次嘗試mount磁碟組時，GMON trace檔案就會記錄PST資訊。注意我說的是嘗試，不是已經mount上。換句話說，GMON不管mount動作成功與否，都會記錄資訊。這些資訊對於Oracle Support診斷磁碟組mount失敗故障可能會有價值。
下面檢視GMON trace檔案記錄的testdg磁碟組mount的資訊：
[grid@jyrac1 trace]$ ls -lrt *gmon* -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 276 Nov 22 18:25 +ASM1_gmon_21379.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 9953 Nov 22 18:25 +ASM1_gmon_21379.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 631 Nov 23 07:57 +ASM1_gmon_22366.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 26275 Nov 23 07:57 +ASM1_gmon_22366.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 809 Nov 24 09:01 +ASM1_gmon_4906.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 41769 Nov 24 09:01 +ASM1_gmon_4906.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 263 Nov 24 09:06 +ASM1_gmon_18658.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 17305 Nov 24 09:06 +ASM1_gmon_18658.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 256 Nov 24 09:12 +ASM1_gmon_20072.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 17274 Nov 24 09:12 +ASM1_gmon_20072.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 263 Nov 24 09:14 +ASM1_gmon_20707.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 17300 Nov 24 09:14 +ASM1_gmon_20707.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 332 Nov 24 09:26 +ASM1_gmon_22827.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 17595 Nov 24 09:26 +ASM1_gmon_22827.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 262 Nov 24 09:48 +ASM1_gmon_26737.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 15829 Nov 24 09:48 +ASM1_gmon_26737.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 2175 Dec 14 16:57 +ASM1_gmon_4909.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 178545 Dec 14 16:57 +ASM1_gmon_4909.trc -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 1616 Dec 23 09:05 +ASM1_gmon_5014.trm -rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 135047 Dec 23 09:05 +ASM1_gmon_5014.trc
[grid@jyrac1 trace]$ cat +ASM1_gmon_5014.trc *** 2016-12-23 09:05:56.534 GMON updating disk modes for group 4 at 53 for pid 36, osid 23854 dsk = 0/0xe9689211, mask = 0x6a, op = clear PRE =============== PST ==================== grpNum: 4 state: 1 callCnt: 53 (lockvalue) valid=1 ver=1.1 ndisks=3 flags=0x0 from inst=1 (I am 1) last=4 (lockvalue) dsks: 0 1 2 --------------- HDR -------------------- next: 4 last: 4 pst count: 3 pst locations: 0 1 2 incarn: 1 dta size: 6 version: 0 ASM version: 168820736 = 10.1.0.0.0 contenttype: 0 partnering pattern: [ ] --------------- LOC MAP ---------------- 0: dirty 0 cur_loc: 0 stable_loc: 0 1: dirty 0 cur_loc: 1 stable_loc: 1 --------------- DTA -------------------- 0: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 2 (amp) 3 (amp) 4 (amp) 5 (amp) 2: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1 (amp) 3 (amp) 4 (amp) 5 (amp) 3: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1 (amp) 2 (amp) 4 (amp) 5 (amp) 4: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1 (amp) 2 (amp) 3 (amp) 5 (amp) 5: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1 (amp) 2 (amp) 3 (amp) 4 (amp)
=== PST ===標記的部分顯示了磁碟組號（grpNum）,狀態，例如grpNum: 4 說明磁碟組號為4，就是testdg磁碟組
SQL> select group_number,name,block_size,allocation_unit_size,state,type from v$asm_diskgroup where group_number=4;
GROUP_NUMBER NAME BLOCK_SIZE ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE STATE TYPE
------------ ------------------------------ ---------- -------------------- ---------------------- ------------
4 TESTDG 4096 1048576 MOUNTED NORMAL
--- HDR ---標記的部分顯示了PST的副本數（pst count）和所在的磁碟號，例如這裡顯示了有3個PST,分別儲存在disk
0000,0001,0002 pst count: 3 pst locations: 0 1 2
--- DTA ---顯示了PST所在磁碟的狀態
0: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 2 (amp) 3 (amp) 4 (amp) 5 (amp) 2: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1 (amp) 3 (amp) 4 (amp) 5 (amp) 3: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1 (amp) 2 (amp) 4 (amp) 5 (amp) 4: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1 (amp) 2 (amp) 3 (amp) 5 (amp) 5: sts v v(rw) p(rw) a(x) d(x) fg# = 0 addTs = 0 parts: 1 (amp) 2 (amp) 3 (amp) 4 (amp)
可以看到PST副本所在磁碟從原來的disk 0000,disk 0001,disk 0002變成了現在的disk 0001,disk 0002,disk 0003了。我們也可以使用kfed來驗證PST只存在於testdg磁碟組中的disk 0001,disk 0002,disk 0003的三塊磁碟上
SQL> select disk_number, name, path from v$asm_disk_stat where group_number = (select group_number from v$asm_diskgroup_stat where name='TESTDG') order by disk_number asc;
DISK_NUMBER NAME PATH
----------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
1 TESTDG_0001 /dev/raw/raw6
2 TESTDG_0002 /dev/raw/raw7
3 TESTDG_0003 /dev/raw/raw12
4 TESTDG_0004 /dev/raw/raw13
5 TESTDG_0005 /dev/raw/raw14
testdg中的disk 0001,0002,0003對應的磁碟就是/dev/raw/raw6,7,12:
[grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw6 aun=1 blkn=0 | grep type kfbh.type: 17 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_META [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw6 aun=1 blkn=1 | grep type kfbh.type: 17 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_META [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw6 aun=1 blkn=2 | grep type kfbh.type: 18 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_DTA [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw6 aun=1 blkn=3 | grep type kfbh.type: 18 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_DTA [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw6 aun=1 blkn=4 | grep type kfbh.type: 13 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_NONE
從上面的資訊可以看到在磁碟的au 1都是用來儲存PST。其中塊(塊號從0開始)1,2用來儲存的PST後設資料，塊3,4用來儲存的PST資料，還可以看到塊5沒有儲存任何資料，下面的磁碟/dev/raw/raw7,12的情況與/dev/raw/raw6是一樣的
[grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw7 aun=1 blkn=0 | grep type kfbh.type: 17 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_META [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw7 aun=1 blkn=1 | grep type kfbh.type: 17 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_META [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw7 aun=1 blkn=2 | grep type kfbh.type: 18 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_DTA [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw7 aun=1 blkn=3 | grep type kfbh.type: 18 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_DTA [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw7 aun=1 blkn=4 | grep type kfbh.type: 13 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_NONE [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw12 aun=1 blkn=0 | grep type kfbh.type: 17 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_META [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw12 aun=1 blkn=1 | grep type kfbh.type: 17 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_META [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw12 aun=1 blkn=2 | grep type kfbh.type: 18 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_DTA [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw12 aun=1 blkn=3 | grep type kfbh.type: 18 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_DTA [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw12 aun=1 blkn=4 | grep type kfbh.type: 13 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_NONE
從下面的資訊可以看到disk 0004,0005對應的/dev/raw/raw13,14的AU 1中沒有儲存PST相關資料。
[grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw13 aun=1 blkn=0 | grep type kfbh.type: 13 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_NONE [grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw14 aun=1 blkn=0 | grep type kfbh.type: 13 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_NONE
檢視PST後設資料
[grid@jyrac1 trace]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw6 aun=1 blkn=0 | more kfbh.endian: 1 ; 0x000: 0x01 --0 表示big endian,1 表示little endian. kfbh.hard: 130 ; 0x001: 0x82 --表示HARD magic number kfbh.type: 17 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_META --表示PST後設資料塊 kfbh.datfmt: 1 ; 0x003: 0x01 --表示後設資料塊格式 kfbh.block.blk: 256 ; 0x004: blk=256 --表示塊號，那為什麼這裡是256，因為AU的大小是1M,塊大小是4K,一個AU包含256個塊，而塊號是從0開始，第一個AU(AU 0)的最大塊號就是255,那麼第二個AU(AU 1)的第一個塊的塊號就是256 kfbh.block.obj: 2147483649 ; 0x008: disk=1 kfbh.check: 2539674092 ; 0x00c: 0x976059ec --做校驗用的，check一致性 kfbh.fcn.base: 0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000 kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000 kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000 kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000 kfdpHdrBv0.time.hi: 33043177 ; 0x000: HOUR=0x9 DAYS=0x17 MNTH=0xc YEAR=0x7e0 --最後一次pst後設資料的更新時間，精確到小時 kfdpHdrBv0.time.lo: 395175936 ; 0x004: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x37a SECS=0x38 MINS=0x5 --最後一次pst後設資料的更新時間，精確到微秒 kfdpHdrBv0.last: 7 ; 0x008: 0x00000007 --最新的disk版本號 kfdpHdrBv0.next: 7 ; 0x00c: 0x00000007 --下一個disk版本號 kfdpHdrBv0.copyCnt: 3 ; 0x010: 0x03 --表示PST後設資料的備份資訊，3表示磁碟組是normal冗餘。1表示磁碟組是external冗餘。 kfdpHdrBv0.version: 0 ; 0x011: 0x00 kfdpHdrBv0.ub2spare: 0 ; 0x012: 0x0000 kfdpHdrBv0.incarn: 4 ; 0x014: 0x00000004 kfdpHdrBv0.copy[0]: 1 ; 0x018: 0x0001 kfdpHdrBv0.copy[1]: 2 ; 0x01a: 0x0002 kfdpHdrBv0.copy[2]: 3 ; 0x01c: 0x0003 kfdpHdrBv0.copy[3]: 0 ; 0x01e: 0x0000 kfdpHdrBv0.copy[4]: 0 ; 0x020: 0x0000 kfdpHdrBv0.dtaSz: 6 ; 0x022: 0x0006 --表示pst後設資料中，diskgroup所包含的disk個數 ub1[0]: 0 ; 0x024: 0x00 ub1[1]: 0 ; 0x025: 0x00 ub1[2]: 0 ; 0x026: 0x00 ub1[3]: 0 ; 0x027: 0x00 ub1[4]: 0 ; 0x028: 0x00 ub1[5]: 0 ; 0x029: 0x00 ub1[6]: 0 ; 0x02a: 0x00 ub1[7]: 0 ; 0x02b: 0x00 ub1[8]: 0 ; 0x02c: 0x00 ub1[9]: 0 ; 0x02d: 0x00 ub1[10]: 0 ; 0x02e: 0x00 ub1[11]: 0 ; 0x02f: 0x00 ub1[12]: 0 ; 0x030: 0x00 ub1[13]: 0 ; 0x031: 0x00 ub1[14]: 0 ; 0x032: 0x00 ub1[15]: 0 ; 0x033: 0x00 ub1[16]: 0 ; 0x034: 0x00 ub1[17]: 0 ; 0x035: 0x00 ub1[18]: 0 ; 0x036: 0x00
磁碟夥伴
磁碟的Partnership是在normal或者high冗餘的磁碟組上，在兩個磁碟之間有一個“對稱”的關係。在external冗餘中，不存在disk partnership。
小結
PST（Partnership and Status Table）包含一個磁碟組裡所有磁碟的相關資訊 -- 磁碟號，磁碟狀態，partner磁碟號，心跳資訊和failgroup資訊（11g之後）。每個ASM磁碟的第二AU(AU 1)被保留給PST使用，但是隻有部分磁碟有PST資料。由於PST是重要的ASM後設資料，只要故障磁碟組個數足夠，在normal冗餘中將會有三副本，在high冗餘中將會有五副本。
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/26015009/viewspace-2131287/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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