最近需要將一些python程式碼轉成java，遇到url編碼
urllib.quote(str,safe='/')
但java中URLEncoder.encode(arg, Constant.UTF_8)會將'/'轉成%2F
網上查了一下 java沒見到類似的safe方式，只好自己實現一個類
package com.ppc.spider.fc.util; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.net.URLDecoder; import java.io.CharArrayWriter; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.nio.charset.IllegalCharsetNameException; import java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException ; import java.util.BitSet; import java.security.AccessController; import sun.security.action.GetPropertyAction; public class UrlSafeEncoder { static BitSet dontNeedEncoding; static final int caseDiff = ('a' - 'A'); static String dfltEncName = null; static { /* The list of characters that are not encoded has been * determined as follows: * * RFC 2396 states: * ----- * Data characters that are allowed in a URI but do not have a * reserved purpose are called unreserved. These include upper * and lower case letters, decimal digits, and a limited set of * punctuation marks and symbols. * * unreserved = alphanum | mark * * mark = "-" | "_" | "." | "!" | "~" | "*" | "'" | "(" | ")" * * Unreserved characters can be escaped without changing the * semantics of the URI, but this should not be done unless the * URI is being used in a context that does not allow the * unescaped character to appear. * ----- * * It appears that both Netscape and Internet Explorer escape * all special characters from this list with the exception * of "-", "_", ".", "*". While it is not clear why they are * escaping the other characters, perhaps it is safest to * assume that there might be contexts in which the others * are unsafe if not escaped. Therefore, we will use the same * list. It is also noteworthy that this is consistent with * O'Reilly's "HTML: The Definitive Guide" (page 164). * * As a last note, Intenet Explorer does not encode the "@" * character which is clearly not unreserved according to the * RFC. We are being consistent with the RFC in this matter, * as is Netscape. * */ dontNeedEncoding = new BitSet(256); int i; for (i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++) { dontNeedEncoding.set(i); } for (i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; i++) { dontNeedEncoding.set(i); } for (i = '0'; i <= '9'; i++) { dontNeedEncoding.set(i); } dontNeedEncoding.set(' '); /* encoding a space to a + is done * in the encode() method */ dontNeedEncoding.set('-'); dontNeedEncoding.set('_'); dontNeedEncoding.set('.'); dontNeedEncoding.set('*'); dfltEncName = AccessController.doPrivileged( new GetPropertyAction("file.encoding") ); } /** * You can't call the constructor. */ private UrlSafeEncoder() { } /** * Translates a string into {@code application/x-www-form-urlencoded} * format using a specific encoding scheme. This method uses the * supplied encoding scheme to obtain the bytes for unsafe * characters. * <p> * <em><strong>Note:</strong> The <a href= * "http://www.w3.org/TR/html40/appendix/notes.html#non-ascii-chars"> * World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation</a> states that * UTF-8 should be used. Not doing so may introduce * incompatibilities.</em> * * @param s {@code String} to be translated. * @param enc The name of a supported * <a href="../lang/package-summary.html#charenc">character * encoding</a>. * @return the translated {@code String}. * @exception UnsupportedEncodingException * If the named encoding is not supported * @see URLDecoder#decode(java.lang.String, java.lang.String) * @since 1.4 */ public static String encode(String s, String enc,char safe) throws UnsupportedEncodingException { dontNeedEncoding.set(safe); boolean needToChange = false; StringBuffer out = new StringBuffer(s.length()); Charset charset; CharArrayWriter charArrayWriter = new CharArrayWriter(); if (enc == null) throw new NullPointerException("charsetName"); try { charset = Charset.forName(enc); } catch (IllegalCharsetNameException e) { throw new UnsupportedEncodingException(enc); } catch (UnsupportedCharsetException e) { throw new UnsupportedEncodingException(enc); } for (int i = 0; i < s.length();) { int c = (int) s.charAt(i); //System.out.println("Examining character: " + c); if (dontNeedEncoding.get(c)) { if (c == ' ') { c = '+'; needToChange = true; } //System.out.println("Storing: " + c); out.append((char)c); i++; } else { // convert to external encoding before hex conversion do { charArrayWriter.write(c); /* * If this character represents the start of a Unicode * surrogate pair, then pass in two characters. It's not * clear what should be done if a bytes reserved in the * surrogate pairs range occurs outside of a legal * surrogate pair. For now, just treat it as if it were * any other character. */ if (c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDBFF) { /* System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(c) + " is high surrogate"); */ if ( (i+1) < s.length()) { int d = (int) s.charAt(i+1); /* System.out.println("\tExamining " + Integer.toHexString(d)); */ if (d >= 0xDC00 && d <= 0xDFFF) { /* System.out.println("\t" + Integer.toHexString(d) + " is low surrogate"); */ charArrayWriter.write(d); i++; } } } i++; } while (i < s.length() && !dontNeedEncoding.get((c = (int) s.charAt(i)))); charArrayWriter.flush(); String str = new String(charArrayWriter.toCharArray()); byte[] ba = str.getBytes(charset); for (int j = 0; j < ba.length; j++) { out.append('%'); char ch = Character.forDigit((ba[j] >> 4) & 0xF, 16); // converting to use uppercase letter as part of // the hex value if ch is a letter. if (Character.isLetter(ch)) { ch -= caseDiff; } out.append(ch); ch = Character.forDigit(ba[j] & 0xF, 16); if (Character.isLetter(ch)) { ch -= caseDiff; } out.append(ch); } charArrayWriter.reset(); needToChange = true; } } return (needToChange? out.toString() : s); } }
驗證下 基本ok