Linux搭建PHP+MySQL+Apache環境

環境：

CentOS 6.4

MySQL詳細安裝可參考：http://www.cnblogs.com/yangxia-test/archive/2012/11/12/2766237.html

Apache詳細安裝可參考：http://www.cnblogs.com/yangxia-test/archive/2012/11/09/2762486.html

一、下載檔案

1、php下載地址：　　版本：php-5.6.3.tar.gz

2、libxml2下載地址：　　版本：libxml2-2.7.4.tar.gz

3、apache2下載地址：　　版本：httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz

4、apr與apr-util下載地址： 　　版本：apr-1.5.1.tar.gz / apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz

5、pcre下載地址：　　版本：pcre-8.36.tar.gz

6、MySQL下載地址：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.1.73.html　　

MySQL-devel-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm     

MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

下載

二、安裝MySQL

1、二進位制安裝MySQL，步驟如下：

[root@vm15 mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server-community ########################################### [100%]

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h vm15.example.com password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Giving mysqld 2 seconds to start

[root@memcache mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client-community ########################################### [100%]

[root@vm15 mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-devel-community ########################################### [100%]

2、驗證安裝是否成功

[root@vm15 mysql]# rpm -qa |grep MySQL
MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64
MySQL-devel-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64
MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64

[root@vm15 mysql]# mysql

出現了“mysql>”提示符，恭喜你，安裝成功！

三、安裝Apache

 參考：http://www.cnblogs.com/yangxia-test/archive/2012/11/09/2762486.html

四、安裝libxml2

將下載的libxml2-2.7.4.tar.gz檔案上傳至/usr/local

[root@vm15 local]# mkdir -p libxml2
[root@vm15 local]# tar -zxvf libxml2-2.7.4.tar.gz 
[root@vm15 local]# cd libxml2-2.7.4
[root@vm15 libxml2-2.7.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
[root@vm15 libxml2-2.7.4]# make
[root@vm15 libxml2-2.7.4]# make install

如果安裝成功以後，在/usr/local/libxml2/目錄下將生成bin、include、lib和share四個目錄。在後面安裝PHP5原始碼包的配置時，會透過在configure命令的選項中加上"--with-libxml-dir=/usr/ local/libxml2"選項，用於指定安裝libxml2庫檔案的位置。

五、安裝php

將下載的php-5.6.3.tar.gz檔案上傳至/usr/local

[root@vm15 local]# mkdir -p php
[root@vm15 local]# tar -zxvf php-5.6.3.tar.gz 
[root@vm15 local]# cd php-5.6.3
[root@vm15 php-5.6.3]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2

出現以下資訊表示編譯成功

..
checking for external oniguruma... no
checking for mcrypt support... no
checking for MSSQL support via FreeTDS... no
checking for MySQL support... yes
checking for specified location of the MySQL UNIX socket... no
configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under /usr/local/mysql.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!

creating libtool
appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool

Generating files
configure: creating ./config.status
creating main/internal_functions.c
creating main/internal_functions_cli.c
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License: |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php5.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands

[root@vm15 php-5.6.3]#make

[root@vm15 php-5.6.3]#make install

安裝成功。

六、配置php

1、配置php.ini，只需要把php-5.6.3安裝包中的php.ini-production複製到/usr/local/php/lib/下

[root@vm15 php-5.6.3]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

2、配置 httpd.conf 讓apache支援PHP：

# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

找到 AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz 在其下新增如下內容

　　AddType application/x-httpd-php .php      (.前面有空格)

　　AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps        (.前面有空格)

3、在DirectoryIndex增加 index.php，以便Apache識別PHP格式的index

# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

      DirectoryIndex index.html index.php  

七、重啟Apache

[root@vm15 mysql]#  /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

（一定要重啟）

八、測試php是否成功安裝

寫一個php測試頁info.php，放到/usr/local/apache2/htdocs中。

 phpinfo(); 

?>; 

在瀏覽器中輸入：伺服器地址/info.php。透過phpinfo()可以檢視很多資訊，比如php.ini的存放路徑，以及所有擴充套件元件等，很強大。

如果能正常顯示出php的資訊，則說明Apche+Mysql+PHP安裝成功！

九、安裝遇到的問題

1、安裝MySQL時，報下面的錯誤:

[root@memcache mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/README from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64

解決方法：yum remove mysql-libs-5*

2、configure php時，報錯：

Configuring SAPI modules
checking for AOLserver support... no
checking for Apache 1.x module support via DSO through APXS... configure: error: You have enabled Apache 1.3 support while your server is Apache 2. Please use the appropriate switch --with-apxs2

解決方法：./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql  --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2

3、安裝apr時，報錯rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory

解決方法：

直接開啟/usr/local/apr-1.5.1/configure 把 $RM“$cfgfile” 那行刪除掉 
$RM“$cfgfile” 大約在 42302行

[root@vm15 apr-1.5.1]#grep -n RM configure

[root@vm15 apr-1.5.1]#sed -i '/$RM "$cfgfile"/d' configure

然後再重新執行 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr 就可以了.

4、[root@vm15 php-5.6.3]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2

..
checking for external oniguruma... no
checking for mcrypt support... no
checking for MSSQL support via FreeTDS... no
checking for MySQL support... yes
checking for specified location of the MySQL UNIX socket... no
configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under /usr/local/mysql.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!

解決方法：

[root@localhost php-5.5.6]# find / -name mysql.h
/usr/include/mysql/mysql.h

查詢到mysql.h檔案，我們更改引數為--with-mysql，如果沒有的話，請安裝mysql-devel包，