在工作中，經常遇到兩種情況：1、系統盤與資料盤在同一個Raid組； 2、系統盤與資料盤分離(不同Raid組)；

有時可能因公司要求按某基本安裝OS，則需要對已安裝好的OS中利用空餘空間或增加空餘空間使用，此時

將涉及分割槽格式轉換，當前以轉換為：LVM格式為例：

[root@ihmp ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb ——有時可能是同Raid組，一塊幾個T的硬碟

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x6e84979f.

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

e extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 預設回車

First sector (2048-104857599, default 2048): 預設回車

Using default value 2048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-104857599, default 104857599): +25600M ——指定分割槽大小

Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 25 GiB is set

Command (m for help): t ——列出所需要轉換分割槽

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list all codes): l ——檢視需要轉換的分割槽序號

0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris

1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx

5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data

6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .

7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility

8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt

9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access

a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O

b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor

c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs

e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT

f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/

10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b

11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor

12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor

14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary

16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS

17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE

18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto

1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep

1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT

1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix

Hex code (type L to list all codes):

Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e ——對就分割槽格式檢視8e則我們當前所需要轉換的：LVM格式

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): p ——p(print)檢視已轉換分割槽

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x6e84979f

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 2048 52430847 26214400 8e Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w ——儲存分割槽表

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@ihmp ~]# ls -l /dev/sdb1 ——若檢視沒有對應的分割槽磁碟存在時可以嘗試重啟OS，再次檢視；

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 Jun 30 21:28 /dev/sdb1

[root@ihmp ~]#

[root@ihmp ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)

e extended

Select (default p):

Using default response p

Partition number (2-4, default 2): 預設回車 ——若不是預設可以自指定分割槽號

First sector (52430848-104857599, default 52430848): 預設回車

Using default value 52430848

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (52430848-104857599, default 104857599):

Using default value 104857599

Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 25 GiB is set

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1,2, default 2): 預設回車 ——若不是預設可以自指定分割槽號

Hex code (type L to list all codes): l ——檢視需要轉換的分割槽序號

0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris

1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx

5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data

6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .

7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility

8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt

9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access

a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O

b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor

c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs

e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT

f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/

10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b

11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor

12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor

14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary

16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS

17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE

18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto

1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep

1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT

1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix

Hex code (type L to list all codes):

Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help):

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x6e84979f

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 2048 52430847 26214400 8e Linux LVM

/dev/sdb2 52430848 104857599 26213376 8e Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@ihmp ~]# ls -l /dev/sd*

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 0 Jun 30 21:24 /dev/sda

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 1 Jun 30 21:24 /dev/sda1

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 2 Jun 30 21:24 /dev/sda2

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 Jun 30 21:30 /dev/sdb

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 Jun 30 21:33 /dev/sdb1

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 18 Jun 30 21:33 /dev/sdb2

[root@ihmp ~]#

建立PV

[root@ihmp ~]#

[root@ihmp ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb[1-2] ——批次建立PV

Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.

Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.

[root@ihmp ~]#

[root@ihmp ~]# pvscan ——檢視pv

PV /dev/sda2 VG vgihmp lvm2 [<99.00 GiB / 32.00 MiB free]

PV /dev/sdb2 lvm2 [<25.00 GiB]

PV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [25.00 GiB]

Total: 3 [<149.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<99.00 GiB] / in no VG: 2 [<50.00 GiB]

建立VG

[root@ihmp ~]# vgcreate vgapp /dev/sdb[1-2] ——多盤VG建立

Volume group "vgapp" successfully created

[root@ihmp ~]#

[root@ihmp ~]# vgscan ——VG檢視

Reading volume groups from cache.

Found volume group "vgapp" using metadata type lvm2

Found volume group "vgihmp" using metadata type lvm2

[root@ihmp ~]#

建立LV

[root@ihmp ~]# lvcreate -l100%FREE -n lvapp vgapp 或lv指定大小建立lvcreate -L 99g vg_racdb_app -n lv_racapp

Logical volume "lvapp" created.

[root@ihmp ~]#

[root@ihmp ~]# lvscan

ACTIVE '/dev/vgapp/lvapp' [49.99 GiB] inherit

ACTIVE '/dev/vgihmp/lvswap' [8.00 GiB] inherit

ACTIVE '/dev/vgihmp/lvroot' [60.96 GiB] inherit

ACTIVE '/dev/vgihmp/lvihmp' [10.00 GiB] inherit

ACTIVE '/dev/vgihmp/lvmysqldb' [20.00 GiB] inherit

[root@ihmp ~]#

建立掛接點

[root@ihmp ~]# mkdir -p /app

[root@ihmp ~]#

格式化分割槽

[root@ihmp ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vgapp-lvapp

meta-data=/dev/mapper/vgapp-lvapp isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=3276288 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0

data = bsize=4096 blocks=13105152, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=6399, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@ihmp ~]#

設定掛接點開啟啟動

[root@ihmp ~]# vi /etc/fstab

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Sep 7 09:09:56 2019

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

#

/dev/mapper/vgihmp-lvroot / xfs defaults 0 0

UUID=034666be-8906-4c9a-8ab7-9d0bae68494b /boot xfs defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/vgihmp-lvihmp /ihmp xfs defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/vgihmp-lvmysqldb /mysqldb xfs defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/vgihmp-lvswap swap swap defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/vgapp-lvapp /app xfs defaults 0 0

#0 0表示OS啟動時檢查分割槽；1 1則OS啟動時永不檢查，根據自己需求選擇

~

"/etc/fstab" 14L, 700C written

[root@ihmp ~]#

測試所配置掛接點是否正常

[root@ihmp ~]# mount -a

[root@ihmp ~]#

[root@ihmp ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vgihmp-lvroot 61G 9.5G 52G 16% /

devtmpfs 979M 0 979M 0% /dev

tmpfs 991M 0 991M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 991M 9.6M 981M 1% /run

tmpfs 991M 0 991M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 133M 882M 14% /boot

/dev/mapper/vgihmp-lvmysqldb 20G 363M 20G 2% /mysqldb

/dev/mapper/vgihmp-lvihmp 10G 630M 9.4G 7% /ihmp

tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vgapp-lvapp 50G 33M 50G 1% /app

[root@ihmp ~]#

Linux作業系統中分割槽格式轉換LVM格式及多磁碟建立PV、VG、LV

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