linux 磁碟分割槽掛載-LVM-物理卷PV,卷組VG,邏輯卷LV
題外話:如果是資料磁碟,建議都使用LVM 這樣避免出現空間不足,進行遷移。 部分雲伺服器就可以不考慮這個問題。
1.磁碟分割槽
具體詳見:linux 磁碟分割槽掛載-fdisk
fdisk -l 檢視磁碟分割槽情況
2.建立物理卷PV
pvcreate 裝置名稱
[root@localhost Desktop]# pvcreate /dev/sdb3
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created
pvdisplay 產看詳細物理卷資訊
root@localhost Desktop]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name rhel
PV Size 19.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4994
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 4994
PV UUID aK2Fc8-CdE3-fNm5-HvD4-OYNf-efGB-EZGjiQ
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name vgnew
PV Size 200.00 MiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 49
Free PE 40
Allocated PE 9
PV UUID ukTCyL-09v8-Bs6C-tDYs-JpNQ-vrG3-2iRUDG
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb2
VG Name vgnew
PV Size 120.00 MiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 29
Free PE 29
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID fVstso-ytGO-Y7Qw-ndkJ-E1Pt-aR65-aViPdz
"/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "20.00 MiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb3
VG Name
PV Size 20.00 MiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 1Tyiu2-xzt0-3Kw6-9Gmg-5CSl-1mHT-kIq5k2
pvscan/pvs 檢視物理卷資訊
[root@localhost Desktop]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 rhel lvm2 a-- 19.51g 0
/dev/sdb1 vgnew lvm2 a-- 196.00m 160.00m
/dev/sdb2 vgnew lvm2 a-- 116.00m 116.00m
/dev/sdb3 lvm2 a-- 20.00m 20.00m
可以看到裝置sdb3 沒有VG ,沒有卷組,下面來建立卷組
3.建立卷組 vgcreate
[root@localhost Desktop]#
vgcreate vg001 /dev/sdb3
Volume group "vg001" successfully created
[root@localhost Desktop]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
rhel 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0
vg001 1 0 0 wz--n- 16.00m 16.00m
vgnew 2 1 0 wz--n- 312.00m 276.00m
vgcreat -s xxM 指定PE值大小,預設為4M 。
4.建立邏輯卷 lvcreate
[root@localhost Desktop]#
lvcreate -n lv001 -L 4M vg001
Logical volume "lv001" created
[root@localhost Desktop]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root rhel -wi-ao---- 17.51g
swap rhel -wi-ao---- 2.00g
lv001 vg001 -wi-a----- 4.00m
newlv vgnew -wi-ao---- 36.00mmk
lvcreate -n 邏輯卷名 -L xxM 邏輯卷大小 卷組
5.掛載邏輯卷,只有掛載之後才能使用邏輯卷
掛載之前先要對邏輯券進行格式化,這裡先格式化成為ext4格式
[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg001/lv001
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1024 inodes, 4096 blocks
204 blocks (4.98%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=4194304
1 block group
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
1024 inodes per group
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (1024 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@localhost Desktop]# mkdir /mkd //新建資料夾
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/vg001/lv001 /mkd //掛載
mkfs.xfs -f /dev/vg001/lv001
[root@localhost /]# df -h //產看掛載資訊
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 18G 3.3G 15G 19% /
devtmpfs 905M 0 905M 0% /dev
tmpfs 914M 144K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 914M 8.9M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/vgnew-newlv 11M 204K 9.6M 3% /media
/dev/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /run/media/new/RHEL-7.0 Server.x86_64
/dev/mapper/vg001-lv001 2.9M 45K 2.6M 2% /mkd
[root@localhost /]# vim /etc/fstab //編輯/etc/fstab 檔案設定開機自動掛載
6.擴充套件邏輯卷
[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay vg001 ----檢視邏輯卷所在的卷組資訊
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg001
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 6
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 16.00 MiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4
Alloc PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB
Free PE / Size 3 / 12.00 MiB
VG UUID 0IGKxv-NQRG-PNue-UbR3-1O7S-yW4K-f10I3E
卷組還有剩餘 12M 可以直接擴充套件
首先在 /mkd資料夾下建立一個簡單的檔案,測試檔案會不會丟失,建立檔案省略。。。。
[root@localhost mkd]# ll
total 14
drwx------. 2 root root 12288 May 30 02:26 lost+found
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8 May 30 03:15 test.txt
[root@localhost mkd]#
lvextend -l +1 /dev/vg001/lv001
---擴充套件加1個PE大小的值
Extending logical volume lv001 to 8.00 MiB
Logical volume lv001 successfully resized
[root@localhost mkd]#
df -h
--檢視邏輯卷 ,可以看到該邏輯卷並沒有增加,
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 18G 3.3G 15G 19% /
devtmpfs 905M 0 905M 0% /dev
tmpfs 914M 144K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 914M 9.0M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/vgnew-newlv 11M 204K 9.6M 3% /media
/dev/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /run/media/new/RHEL-7.0 Server.x86_64
/dev/mapper/vg001-lv001 2.9M 47K 2.6M 2% /mkd
[root@localhost mkd]#
resize2fs /dev/vg001/lv001 ---使邏輯卷擴充套件生效
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/vg001/lv001 is mounted on /mkd; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
The filesystem on /dev/vg001/lv001 is now 8192 blocks long.
[root@localhost mkd]# df -h ---重新檢視邏輯卷大小,成功擴充套件
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 18G 3.3G 15G 19% /
devtmpfs 905M 0 905M 0% /dev
tmpfs 914M 144K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 914M 9.0M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/vgnew-newlv 11M 204K 9.6M 3% /media
/dev/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /run/media/new/RHEL-7.0 Server.x86_64
/dev/mapper/vg001-lv001 6.9M 47K 6.6M 1% /mkd
檔案無損壞
7.邏輯捲縮減
首先需要解除安裝掛載點
[root@localhost /]# umount /mkd --解除安裝掛載點
[root@localhost /]# resize2fs /dev/vg001/lv001 4M --調整檔案系統大小
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Please run 'e2fsck -f /dev/vg001/lv001' first.
[root@localhost /]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg001/lv001 --先執行這個
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg001/lv001: 12/1024 files (8.3% non-contiguous), 1204/8192 blocks
[root@localhost /]# resize2fs /dev/vg001/lv001 4M --重新調整檔案系統大小
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg001/lv001 to 4096 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg001/lv001 is now 4096 blocks long.
[root@localhost /]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg001/lv001 --重新檢查檔案系統
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg001/lv001: 12/1024 files (8.3% non-contiguous), 1204/4096 blocks
[root@localhost /]# lvreduce -l -1 /dev/vg001/lv001 --縮減一個邏輯卷為1個PE值大小
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 4.00 MiB
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lv001? [y/n]: y
Reducing logical volume lv001 to 4.00 MiB
Logical volume lv001 successfully resized
8.刪除邏輯卷 lvremove
[root@localhost /]# lvremove /dev/vg001/lv001
Do you really want to remove active logical volume lv001? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "lv001" successfully removed
9.刪除卷組,縮減卷組
vgreduce 若一個卷組包含多個PV,縮減是刪除PV得到的
vgremove 刪除一個卷組
10.刪除物理卷
pvremove
遊戲是我的全部圖景,我將演繹所有的遊戲角色,我是每個活著角色的傳奇。 --清
沐
嫻
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