R繪圖（06）——帶errorbar的柱狀圖

MUJIU發表於2024-08-21
繪圖ErrorORB

每次找R繪圖美化都很麻煩，索性自己寫個筆記慢慢補充繪圖美化的指令

### 生成資料 ###
# 設定種子以獲得可重複的結果
set.seed(222)
# 生成字元序列 "AAAABBBB"
char_sequence <- c("A", "A", "A", "A", "B", "B", "B", "B")
# 生成相應數量的隨機數，這裡使用正態分佈
random_numbers <- runif(8, min = 0, max = 100)
# 建立資料框
data_frame <- data.frame(Char = char_sequence, Value = random_numbers)

# 計算每個條件下的平均值和標準差
summary_data <- data_frame %>%
  group_by(Char) %>%
  summarise(
    Mean = mean(Value),
    StdErr = sd(Value, na.rm = TRUE) / sqrt(n()) 
  )

#### 繪圖 ####
ggplot() +
  geom_col(data = summary_data, aes(x = Char, y = Mean), fill = "lightblue") +  # 繪製柱狀圖
  geom_errorbar(data = summary_data,  # 使用summary_data資料框中的均值和標準差
                aes(x = Char, ymin = Mean - StdErr, ymax = Mean + StdErr),
                width = 0.2, position = position_dodge(0.5)) +
  geom_point(data = summary_data,  # 在均值位置新增點
             aes(x = Char, y = Mean),
             position = position_dodge(0.5),
             color = "red") +
  labs(x = "Character", y = "Value", title = "Bar Chart with Error Bars") + # 設定變數名稱和title
  theme_minimal()+ #使用簡潔主題 
  theme(axis.line = element_line(color = "black", size = 0.5),  # 顯示軸的線條
  axis.text = element_text(size = 12),  # 軸標籤文字大小
  axis.title = element_text(size = 14), # 軸標題文字大小
  panel.grid = element_blank()) +  # 去掉網格線 
  scale_y_continuous(limits =c(0, 90) ,expand = c(0,0)) # 貼近x軸

# + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, hjust = 1)) # 旋轉x軸標籤角度

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