以AT為例，我們使用Seata時只需要在全域性事務的方法上加上@GlobalTransactional，就開啟了全域性事務的支援。那麼Seata的底層到底是怎麼實現的呢？
首先我們知道，Seata也是一個SpringBoot專案，如果對Seata原始碼無從下手，那麼不妨從Spring切入：
GlobalTransactionScanner
在Seata中有一個重要的bean元件：GlobalTranscationScanner：
全域性事務掃描器，它繼承了AbstractAutoProxyCreator, InitializingBean, ApplicationContextAware, DisposableBean介面。這四個都是spring的類，所以想要知道這個GlobalTransactionScanner做了什麼工作，我們首先得介紹一下spring知識：
-
AbstractAutoProxyCreator: 是spring的AOP的一個核心類。
-
InitializingBean：此介面為Bean提供了初始化方法的方式，只包含
afterPropertiesSet方法 -
DisposableBean：這個介面和InitializingBean是一組的.它只包含
destroy方法，作用是為Bean生命週期結束前做一些收尾工作。 -
ApplicationContextAware：實現了這個介面的類可以方便地獲得
ApplicationContext中的Bean。 可以簡單理解為它就是一個spring容器
可以看出來，GlobalTransactionScanner繼承了AOP，可以對Bean進行增強，同時還相當於一個spring容器。接下我們來看它做了實現這些介面都做了什麼事。
繼承AbstractAutoProxyCreator
實現AOP後，我們重點來看下被重寫的wrapIfNecessary, 它是AOP中核心的方法
1.wrapIfNecessary()
@Override
protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
// do checkers
try {
synchronized (PROXYED_SET) {
if (PROXYED_SET.contains(beanName)) {
return bean;
}
interceptor = null;
//check TCC proxy：檢查是否為TCC(這裡我們研究AT，就不看TCC了)
if (TCCBeanParserUtils.isTccAutoProxy(bean, beanName, applicationContext)) {
//...
} else {
// 不是TCC模式：
Class<?> serviceInterface = SpringProxyUtils.findTargetClass(bean);
Class<?>[] interfacesIfJdk = SpringProxyUtils.findInterfaces(bean);
//判斷是否有相關事務的註解，如GlobalTransactional，如果沒有就不會代理，直接返回bean
if (!existsAnnotation(new Class[]{serviceInterface})
&& !existsAnnotation(interfacesIfJdk)) {
return bean;
}
//發現存在事務相關注解的bean，則新增攔截器———GlobalTransactionalInterceptor
if (globalTransactionalInterceptor == null) {
globalTransactionalInterceptor = new GlobalTransactionalInterceptor(failureHandlerHook);
ConfigurationCache.addConfigListener(
ConfigurationKeys.DISABLE_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION,
(ConfigurationChangeListener)globalTransactionalInterceptor);
}
interceptor = globalTransactionalInterceptor;
}
// ...
PROXYED_SET.add(beanName);
return bean;
}
}
}
說明： 此方法對被全域性事務註解的方法Bean進行了增強。具體實現是將攔截器織入代理物件。
2.invoke()
globalTransactionalInterceptor實現了MethodInterceptor這個介面,此介面只有一個方法#invoke():
@Override
public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable {
// 獲取註解標註的執行方法
Class<?> targetClass =
methodInvocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(methodInvocation.getThis()) : null;
Method specificMethod = ClassUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(methodInvocation.getMethod(), targetClass);
if (specificMethod != null && !specificMethod.getDeclaringClass().equals(Object.class)) {
final Method method = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(specificMethod);
// 獲取全域性事務GlobalTransactional的後設資料
final GlobalTransactional globalTransactionalAnnotation =
getAnnotation(method, targetClass, GlobalTransactional.class);
// 獲取全域性鎖GlobalLock的後設資料.全域性鎖會將本地事務的執行納入到seata的管理，一起競爭全域性鎖，
//保證全域性事務在執行時，不會收到本地其他事務的影響。（隔離性）
final GlobalLock globalLockAnnotation = getAnnotation(method, targetClass, GlobalLock.class);
boolean localDisable = disable || (degradeCheck && degradeNum >= degradeCheckAllowTimes);
if (globalTransactionalAnnotation != null) {
//執行全域性事務
return handleGlobalTransaction(methodInvocation, transactional);
} else if (globalLockAnnotation != null) {
//執行全域性鎖
return handleGlobalLock(methodInvocation, globalLockAnnotation);
}
}
}
return methodInvocation.proceed();
}
說明：
3.handleGlobalTransaction()
我們重點關注執行全域性事務的方法handleGlobalTransaction().它的作用是獲取事務資訊並且執行全域性事務:
Object handleGlobalTransaction(final MethodInvocation methodInvocation,
final AspectTransactional aspectTransactional) throws Throwable {
boolean succeed = true;
try {
// 呼叫execute方法,執行全域性事務
return transactionalTemplate.execute(new TransactionalExecutor() {
@Override
public Object execute() throws Throwable {
return methodInvocation.proceed();
}
// 獲取事務名稱
public String name() {
String name = aspectTransactional.getName();
if (!StringUtils.isNullOrEmpty(name)) {
return name;
}
return formatMethod(methodInvocation.getMethod());
}
//獲取事務資訊,並封裝成TransactionInfo物件
@Override
public TransactionInfo getTransactionInfo() {
// reset the value of timeout
int timeout = aspectTransactional.getTimeoutMills();
if (timeout <= 0 || timeout == DEFAULT_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION_TIMEOUT) {
timeout = defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout;
}
TransactionInfo transactionInfo = new TransactionInfo();
transactionInfo.setTimeOut(timeout);
transactionInfo.setName(name());
transactionInfo.setPropagation(aspectTransactional.getPropagation());
transactionInfo.setLockRetryInterval(aspectTransactional.getLockRetryInterval());
transactionInfo.setLockRetryTimes(aspectTransactional.getLockRetryTimes());
Set<RollbackRule> rollbackRules = new LinkedHashSet<>();
for (Class<?> rbRule : aspectTransactional.getRollbackFor()) {
rollbackRules.add(new RollbackRule(rbRule));
}
for (String rbRule : aspectTransactional.getRollbackForClassName()) {
rollbackRules.add(new RollbackRule(rbRule));
}
for (Class<?> rbRule : aspectTransactional.getNoRollbackFor()) {
rollbackRules.add(new NoRollbackRule(rbRule));
}
for (String rbRule : aspectTransactional.getNoRollbackForClassName()) {
rollbackRules.add(new NoRollbackRule(rbRule));
}
transactionInfo.setRollbackRules(rollbackRules);
return transactionInfo;
}
});
} catch (TransactionalExecutor.ExecutionException e) {
//...
}
} finally {
//...
}
}
說明:
- 這個方法的主要工作是獲取事務的名稱和資訊,並開啟全域性事務.
- 全域性事務的開啟呼叫了transactionalTemplate中的execute()方法.下面繼續進入execute方法:
4.execute()
public Object execute(TransactionalExecutor business) throws Throwable {
// 1. Get transactionInfo 獲取事務資訊
TransactionInfo txInfo = business.getTransactionInfo();
// 1.1 Get current transaction, if not null, the tx role is 'GlobalTransactionRole.Participant'.
// 獲取當前事務,主要獲取XId
GlobalTransaction tx = GlobalTransactionContext.getCurrent();
// 1.2 Handle the transaction propagation. 配置不同事務的傳播行為,執行不同邏輯.
Propagation propagation = txInfo.getPropagation();
SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResourcesHolder = null;
try {
//Spring事務的7種傳播行為
switch (propagation) {
case NOT_SUPPORTED:
// If transaction is existing, suspend it.
if (existingTransaction(tx)) {
suspendedResourcesHolder = tx.suspend();
}
// Execute without transaction and return.
return business.execute();
case REQUIRES_NEW:
// If transaction is existing, suspend it, and then begin new transaction.
if (existingTransaction(tx)) {
suspendedResourcesHolder = tx.suspend();
tx = GlobalTransactionContext.createNew();
}
// Continue and execute with new transaction
break;
case SUPPORTS:
// If transaction is not existing, execute without transaction.
if (notExistingTransaction(tx)) {
return business.execute();
}
// Continue and execute with new transaction
break;
case REQUIRED:
// If current transaction is existing, execute with current transaction,
// else continue and execute with new transaction.
break;
case NEVER:
// If transaction is existing, throw exception.
if (existingTransaction(tx)) {
throw new TransactionException(
String.format("Existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'never', xid = %s"
, tx.getXid()));
} else {
// Execute without transaction and return.
return business.execute();
}
case MANDATORY:
// If transaction is not existing, throw exception.
if (notExistingTransaction(tx)) {
throw new TransactionException("No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'");
}
// Continue and execute with current transaction.
break;
default:
throw new TransactionException("Not Supported Propagation:" + propagation);
}
// 1.3 如果當前事務未空,則新建立一個.
if (tx == null) {
tx = GlobalTransactionContext.createNew();
}
try {
// 2. If the tx role is 'GlobalTransactionRole.Launcher', send the request of beginTransaction to TC,
// else do nothing. Of course, the hooks will still be triggered.
// 開啟全域性事務.
beginTransaction(txInfo, tx);
Object rs;
try {
// Do Your Business
rs = business.execute();
} catch (Throwable ex) {
// 3. The needed business exception to rollback.
// 發生異常,全域性回滾.各個資料根據undo_log進行補償.
completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, tx, ex);
throw ex;
}
// 如果沒有異常發生,則提交全域性事務
// 4. everything is fine, commit.
commitTransaction(tx);
return rs;
} finally {
//5. clear
resumeGlobalLockConfig(previousConfig);
triggerAfterCompletion();
cleanUp();
}
}
}
說明:
-
看到這裡可能有些似曾相似,這個流程下來不就是AT模式的2個階段嘛.我們探究到了AT模式的具體實現!
-
在此方法中,我們終於看到了開啟全域性事務的關鍵方法: beginTransaction(). 不過,我們知道TM要開啟全域性事務,首先得向TC發起請求. 說明我們還得進入beginTransaction()方法中一探究竟,這裡面還呼叫了不少方法,大家看的時候可以只看註釋的一行往下推進:
4.1 beginTransaction()
private void beginTransaction(TransactionInfo txInfo, GlobalTransaction tx) throws TransactionalExecutor.ExecutionException {
try {
triggerBeforeBegin();
//對TC發起請求
tx.begin(txInfo.getTimeOut(), txInfo.getName());
triggerAfterBegin();
} //...
}
@Override
public void begin(int timeout, String name) throws TransactionException {
// 判斷事務的發起者是不是TM,如果不是拋異常
if (role != GlobalTransactionRole.Launcher) {
assertXIDNotNull();
if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOGGER.debug("Ignore Begin(): just involved in global transaction [{}]", xid);
}
return;
}
assertXIDNull();
String currentXid = RootContext.getXID(); //獲取Xid
if (currentXid != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Global transaction already exists," +
" can't begin a new global transaction, currentXid = " + currentXid);
}
//呼叫transactionManager.begin()
xid = transactionManager.begin(null, null, name, timeout);
status = GlobalStatus.Begin;
RootContext.bind(xid);
if (LOGGER.isInfoEnabled()) {
LOGGER.info("Begin new global transaction [{}]", xid);
}
}
@Override
public String begin(String applicationId, String transactionServiceGroup, String name, int timeout)
throws TransactionException {
GlobalBeginRequest request = new GlobalBeginRequest();
request.setTransactionName(name);
request.setTimeout(timeout);
// 關鍵:syncCall 同步請求
GlobalBeginResponse response = (GlobalBeginResponse) syncCall(request);
if (response.getResultCode() == ResultCode.Failed) {
throw new TmTransactionException(TransactionExceptionCode.BeginFailed, response.getMsg());
}
return response.getXid();
}
private AbstractTransactionResponse syncCall(AbstractTransactionRequest request) throws TransactionException {
try {
// 通過Netty發起請求
return (AbstractTransactionResponse) TmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance().sendSyncRequest(request);
} catch (TimeoutException toe) {
throw new TmTransactionException(TransactionExceptionCode.IO, "RPC timeout", toe);
}
}
實現InitializingBean介面
InitializingBean介面只有一個方法afterPropertiesSet(),GlobalTransactionScanner對它進行了重寫:
說明: 呼叫了initCLient方法：初始化了TM和RM
private void initClient() {
// ....
//init TM
TMClient.init(applicationId, txServiceGroup, accessKey, secretKey);
// 日誌
//init RM
RMClient.init(applicationId, txServiceGroup);
// 日誌
registerSpringShutdownHook();
}
初始化TM:
public static void init(String applicationId, String transactionServiceGroup, String accessKey, String secretKey) {
// 獲取TMRpc客戶端例項
TmNettyRemotingClient tmNettyRemotingClient = TmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance(applicationId, transactionServiceGroup, accessKey, secretKey);
//初始化 TM Client
tmNettyRemotingClient.init();
}
呼叫 TmRpcClient.getInstance() 方法會獲取一個 TM 客戶端例項.
在獲取過程中，會建立 Netty 客戶端配置檔案物件，以及建立 messageExecutor 執行緒池，該執行緒池用於在處理各種與服務端的訊息互動，在建立 TmRpcClient 例項時，建立 ClientBootstrap，用於管理 Netty 服務的啟停，以及 ClientChannelManager，它是專門用於管理 Netty 客戶端物件池.
初始化TM客戶端:
To Be Continue...
寫在最後
博主也是剛開始學習Seata,程式設計功力不太深,很多程式碼的精妙之處也看不出來.