Netperf是一種網路效能的測量工具，主要針對基於TCP或UDP的傳輸。Netperf根據應用的不同，可以進行不同模式的網路效能測試，即批量資料傳輸（bulk data transfer）模式和請求/應答（request/reponse）模式。
工作原理
Netperf工具以client/server方式工作。server端是netserver,用來偵聽來自client端的連線,client端是netperf,用來向server發起網路測試.在client與server之間,首先建立一個控制連線,傳遞有關測試配置的資訊,以及測試的結果:在控制連線建立並傳遞了測試配置資訊以後，client與server之間會再建立一個測試連線,進行來回傳遞特殊的流量模式,以測試網路的效能
軟體安裝
- 下載安裝Netperf工具
下載連結：ftp://ftp.netperf.org/netperf/
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# wget ftp://ftp.netperf.org/netperf/netperf-2.7.0.tar.gz- 安裝依賴包gcc cc
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# yum install gcc cc -y- 解壓安裝
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# tar -zxvf netperf-2.7.0.tar.gz
[root@xiesshavip001 netperf-2.7.0]# ./configure
[root@xiesshavip001 netperf-2.7.0]# make && make install命令引數介紹
命令列引數包括如下選項：
-H host ：指定遠端執行netserver的server IP地址。
-l testlen：指定測試的時間長度（秒）
-t testname：指定進行的測試型別，包括TCP_STREAM，UDP_STREAM，TCP_RR，TCP_CRR，UDP_RR
-s size 設定本地系統的socket傳送與接收緩衝大小
-S size 設定遠端系統的socket傳送與接收緩衝大小
-m size 設定本地系統傳送測試分組的大小
-M size 設定遠端系統接收測試分組的大小
-D 對本地與遠端系統的socket設定TCP_NODELAY選項netperf 網路測試
- TCP_STREAM Netperf預設情況下進行TCP批量傳輸,即-t TCP_STREAM。測試過程中,netperf向netserver傳送批量的TCP資料分組,以確定資料傳輸過程中的吞吐量：
[root@xiesshavip002 ~]# netserver # 服務端啟動netserver 服務
Starting netserver with host 'IN(6)ADDR_ANY' port '12865' and family AF_UNSPEC
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf -H 192.168.130.20 -l 60
MIGRATED TCP STREAM TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to 192.168.130.20 () port 0 AF_INET
Recv Send Send
Socket Socket Message Elapsed
Size Size Size Time Throughput
bytes bytes bytes secs. 10^6bits/sec
87380 16384 16384 60.01 935.66
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf -H 192.168.130.20 -l 60 -- -m 10240 # 修改傳送的包的大小
MIGRATED TCP STREAM TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to 192.168.130.20 () port 0 AF_INET
Recv Send Send
Socket Socket Message Elapsed
Size Size Size Time Throughput
bytes bytes bytes secs. 10^6bits/sec
87380 16384 10240 60.02 937.58
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#- UDP_STREAM UDP_STREAM用來測試進行UDP批量傳輸時的網路效能。注意:此時測試分組的大小不得大於socket的傳送與接收緩衝大小，否則netperf會報出錯提示：
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf -t UDP_STREAM -H 192.168.130.20 -l 10
MIGRATED UDP STREAM TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to 192.168.130.20 () port 0 AF_INET
Socket Message Elapsed Messages
Size Size Time Okay Errors Throughput
bytes bytes secs # # 10^6bits/sec
212992 65507 10.01 131286 0 6874.75
212992 10.01 1 0.05
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf -t UDP_STREAM -H 192.168.130.20 -l 10 -- -m 300000 # 超過socket的傳送與接收緩衝大212992
MIGRATED UDP STREAM TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to 192.168.130.20 () port 0 AF_INET
send_data: data send error: Message too long (errno 90)
netperf: send_omni: send_data failed: Message too long
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#- TCP_RR TCP_RR方式的測試物件是多次TCP request和response的交易過程
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf -t TCP_RR -H 192.168.130.20
MIGRATED TCP REQUEST/RESPONSE TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to 192.168.130.20 () port 0 AF_INET : first burst 0
Local /Remote
Socket Size Request Resp. Elapsed Trans.
Send Recv Size Size Time Rate
bytes Bytes bytes bytes secs. per sec
16384 87380 1 1 10.00 8228.63
16384 87380
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#我們可以通過測試相關的引數來改變request和response分組的大小，TCP_RR方式下的引數如下表所示：
引數 說明
-r req,resp 設定request和reponse分組的大小
-s size 設定本地系統的socket傳送與接收緩衝大小
-S size 設定遠端系統的socket傳送與接收緩衝大小
-D 對本地與遠端系統的socket設定TCP_NODELAY選項[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf -t TCP_RR -H 192.168.130.20 -- -r 64 64
MIGRATED TCP REQUEST/RESPONSE TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to 192.168.130.20 () port 0 AF_INET : first burst 0
Local /Remote
Socket Size Request Resp. Elapsed Trans.
Send Recv Size Size Time Rate
bytes Bytes bytes bytes secs. per sec
16384 87380 64 64 10.00 8143.22
16384 87380
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#- TCP_CRR 與TCP_RR不同,TCP_CRR為每次交易建立一個新的TCP連線。
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf -t TCP_CRR -H 192.168.130.20
MIGRATED TCP Connect/Request/Response TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to 192.168.130.20 () port 0 AF_INET
Local /Remote
Socket Size Request Resp. Elapsed Trans.
Send Recv Size Size Time Rate
bytes Bytes bytes bytes secs. per sec
16384 87380 1 1 10.00 899.38 # 數值明顯比TCP_RR值小
16384 87380
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#- UDP_RR UDP_RR方式使用UDP分組進行request/response的交易過程
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf -t UDP_RR -H 192.168.130.20
MIGRATED UDP REQUEST/RESPONSE TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to 192.168.130.20 () port 0 AF_INET : first burst 0
Local /Remote
Socket Size Request Resp. Elapsed Trans.
Send Recv Size Size Time Rate
bytes Bytes bytes bytes secs. per sec
212992 212992 1 1 10.00 8425.86
212992 212992
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#netperf --help
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]# netperf --help
netperf: invalid option -- '-'
Usage: netperf [global options] -- [test options]
Global options:
-a send,recv Set the local send,recv buffer alignment
-A send,recv Set the remote send,recv buffer alignment
-B brandstr Specify a string to be emitted with brief output
-c [cpu_rate] Report local CPU usage
-C [cpu_rate] Report remote CPU usage
-d Increase debugging output
-D time,[units] * Display interim results at least every time interval
using units as the initial guess for units per second
A negative value for time will make heavy use of the
system's timestamping functionality
-f G|M|K|g|m|k Set the output units
-F lfill[,rfill]* Pre-fill buffers with data from specified file
-h Display this text
-H name|ip,fam * Specify the target machine and/or local ip and family
-i max,min Specify the max and min number of iterations (15,1)
-I lvl[,intvl] Specify confidence level (95 or 99) (99)
and confidence interval in percentage (10)
-j Keep additional timing statistics
-l testlen Specify test duration (>0 secs) (<0 bytes|trans)
-L name|ip,fam * Specify the local ip|name and address family
-o send,recv Set the local send,recv buffer offsets
-O send,recv Set the remote send,recv buffer offset
-n numcpu Set the number of processors for CPU util
-N Establish no control connection, do 'send' side only
-p port,lport* Specify netserver port number and/or local port
-P 0|1 Don't/Do display test headers
-r Allow confidence to be hit on result only
-s seconds Wait seconds between test setup and test start
-S Set SO_KEEPALIVE on the data connection
-t testname Specify test to perform
-T lcpu,rcpu Request netperf/netserver be bound to local/remote cpu
-v verbosity Specify the verbosity level
-W send,recv Set the number of send,recv buffers
-v level Set the verbosity level (default 1, min 0)
-V Display the netperf version and exit
-y local,remote Set the socket priority
-Y local,remote Set the IP_TOS. Use hexadecimal.
-Z passphrase Set and pass to netserver a passphrase
For those options taking two parms, at least one must be specified;
specifying one value without a comma will set both parms to that
value, specifying a value with a leading comma will set just the second
parm, a value with a trailing comma will set just the first. To set
each parm to unique values, specify both and separate them with a
comma.
* For these options taking two parms, specifying one value with no comma
will only set the first parms and will leave the second at the default
value. To set the second value it must be preceded with a comma or be a
comma-separated pair. This is to retain previous netperf behaviour.
[root@xiesshavip001 ~]#