AP射頻調優組網圖
射頻調優簡介
- 射頻調優的主要功能就是動態調整AP的通道和功率,可以使同一AC管理的各AP的通道和功率保持相對平衡,保證AP工作在最佳狀態。WLAN網路中,AP的工作狀態會受到周圍環境的影響。例如,一個AC管理下的多個AP,如果相鄰AP的工作通道存在重疊頻段,或者某個AP的功率過大會對相鄰AP造成訊號干擾,此時就可以在AC上配置射頻調優功能。
射頻調優常見的場景:
- 使用者新開局時,可使用射頻調優功能自動選擇最佳通道。
- 有新AP加入網路,或者網路環境變化,使用者可定時調整AP的通道和功率,保證AP工作在最佳狀態。
組網需求
- 如圖1所示,在辦公樓部署多個AP,AP通過接入交換機Switch_A和AC相連,用來為使用者提供無線業務。
- 由於AP數量較多,逐一手工配置通道等射頻引數將會非常繁瑣,客戶IT部門希望AC能夠根據無線網路環境,自動為AP分配通道,提高網路部署的便捷性。
配置思路
採用如下的思路配置射頻調優:
- 1.配置AP、AC和上層網路裝置之間實現網路互通。
- 2.配置AC作為DHCP伺服器為STA和AP分配IP地址。
- 3.配置VLAN pool,用於作為業務VLAN。
- 4.配置AP上線。
- a.建立AP組,用於將需要進行相同配置的AP都加入到AP組,實現統一配置。
- b.配置AC的系統引數,包括國家碼、AC與AP之間通訊的源介面。
- c.配置AP上線的認證方式並離線匯入AP,實現AP正常上線。
- 5.配置WLAN業務引數,實現STA訪問WLAN網路功能。
- 6.配置射頻調優功能,通過AC自動為AP分配最佳工作通道。
操作步驟
- 1.在AC上配置NAC模式為統一模式(預設值,不需配置)。配置SwitchA和AC,使AP與AC之間能夠傳輸CAPWAP報文。
# 配置SwitchA,將介面GE0/0/1、GE0/0/2和GE0/0/3加入VLAN100(管理VLAN)。
<HUAWEI> system-view [HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA [SwitchA] vlan batch 100 [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] stp edged-port enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port-isolate enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk pvid vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] stp edged-port enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port-isolate enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/3 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port trunk pvid vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] stp edged-port enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port-isolate enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit
# 配置SwitchA連線AC的介面GE0/0/4加入VLAN100。
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/4 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] quit
# 配置AC連線SwitchA的介面GE1/0/1加入VLAN100。
[HUAWEI] sysname AC [AC] vlan batch 100 101 [AC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
- 2.配置AC與上層網路裝置互通
# 配置AC上行介面GE1/0/2加入VLAN101(業務VLAN)。
[AC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 101 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit
- 3.配置AC作為DHCP伺服器,為STA和AP分配IP地址
# 配置基於介面地址池的DHCP伺服器,其中,VLANIF100介面為AP提供IP地址,VLANIF101為STA提供IP地址。
說明:
DNS伺服器地址請根據實際需要配置。常用配置方法如下:
•介面地址池場景,需要在VLANIF介面檢視下執行命令dhcp server dns-list ip-address IP。
•全域性地址池場景,需要在IP地址池檢視下執行命令dns-list ip-address IP。
[AC] dhcp enable //使能DHCP功能 [AC] interface vlanif 100 [AC-Vlanif100] ip address 10.23.100.1 24 [AC-Vlanif100] dhcp select interface //配置基於介面的地址池 [AC-Vlanif100] quit [AC] interface vlanif 101 [AC-Vlanif101] ip address 10.23.101.1 24 [AC-Vlanif101] dhcp select interface [AC-Vlanif101] quit
- 4.配置AP上線
# 建立AP組,用於將相同配置的AP都加入同一AP組中。
[AC] wlan [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
# 建立域管理模板,在域管理模板下配置AC的國家碼並在AP組下引用域管理模板。
[AC-wlan-view] regulatory-domain-profile name domain1 [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain1] country-code cn [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain1] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] regulatory-domain-profile domain1 Warning: Modifying the country code will clear channel, power and antenna gain configurations of the radio and reset the AP. Continu e?[Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit [AC-wlan-view] quit
# 配置AC的源介面。
[AC] capwap source interface vlanif 100
# 在AC上離線匯入AP,並將area_1和area_2加入AP組“ap-group1”中。假設AP的MAC地址為60de-4476-e360,並且根據AP的部署位置為AP配置名稱,便於從名稱上就能夠了解AP的部署位置。例如MAC地址為 60de-4476-e360的AP部署在1號區域,命名此AP為area_1。
說明:
ap auth-mode命令預設情況下為MAC認證,如果之前沒有修改其預設配置,可以不用執行ap auth-mode mac-auth。
舉例中使用的AP為AP6010DN-AGN,具有射頻0和射頻1兩個射頻。AP6010DN-AGN的射頻0為2.4GHz射頻,射頻1為5GHz射頻。
[AC] wlan [AC-wlan-view] ap auth-mode mac-auth [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 0 ap-mac 60de-4476-e360 [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-name area_1 [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-group ap-group1 Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-0] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 1 ap-mac dcd2-fc04-b500 [AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-name area_2 [AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-group ap-group1 Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-1] quit
# 將AP上電後,當執行命令display ap all檢視到AP的“State”欄位為“nor”時,表示AP正常上線。
[AC-wlan-view] display ap all Total AP information: nor : normal [2] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ID MAC Name Group IP Type State STA Uptime --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 60de-4476-e360 area_1 ap-group1 10.23.101.253 AP6010DN-AGN nor 0 5M:2S 1 dcd2-fc04-b500 area_2 ap-group1 10.23.101.254 AP6010DN-AGN nor 0 5M:4S --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total: 2
- 5.配置WLAN業務引數
# 建立名為“wlan-security”的安全模板,並配置安全策略。
說明:
舉例中以配置WPA2+PSK+AES的安全策略為例,密碼為“a1234567”,實際配置中請根據實際情況,配置符合實際要求的安全策略。
[AC-wlan-view] security-profile name wlan-security [AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-security] security wpa2 psk pass-phrase a1234567 aes //配置安全策略為WPA2+PSK+AES [AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-security] quit
# 建立名為“wlan-ssid”的SSID模板,並配置SSID名稱為“wlan-net”。
[AC-wlan-view] ssid-profile name wlan-ssid [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-ssid] ssid wlan-net //配置SSID名稱為wlan-net [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-ssid] quit
# 建立名為“wlan-vap”的VAP模板,配置業務資料轉發模式、業務VLAN,並且引用安全模板和SSID模板。
[AC-wlan-view] vap-profile name wlan-vap [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] forward-mode tunnel //配置業務轉發模式為隧道轉發 [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] service-vlan vlan-id 101 //預設情況下VLAN ID為1,修改VLAN ID為101 [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] security-profile wlan-security [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] ssid-profile wlan-ssid [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] quit
# 配置AP組引用VAP模板,AP上射頻0和射頻1都使用VAP模板“wlan-vap”的配置。
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-vap wlan 1 radio 0 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-vap wlan 1 radio 1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
- 6.配置射頻調優功能
# 建立RRM模板“wlan-net”,在RRM模板下使能通道自動選擇通道功能和傳送功率自動選擇通道功能。預設情況下,通道自動選擇通道功能和傳送功率自動選擇通道功能都已經使能。
[AC-wlan-view] rrm-profile name wlan-net [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] undo calibrate auto-channel-select disable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] undo calibrate auto-txpower-select disable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] quit
# 建立空口掃描模板“wlan-airscan”,並配置掃描通道集合、掃描間隔時間和掃描持續時間。預設情況下,空口掃描通道集合為AP對應國家碼支援的所有通道。
[AC-wlan-view] air-scan-profile name wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-channel-set country-channel [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-period 80 [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-interval 80000 [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] quit
# 建立2G射頻模板“radio2g”,並在該模板下引用RRM模板“wlan-net”和空口掃描模板“wlan-airscan”。
[AC-wlan-view] radio-2g-profile name radio2g [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] rrm-profile wlan-net [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] air-scan-profile wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] quit
# 建立5G射頻模板“radio5g”,並在該模板下引用RRM模板“wlan-net”和空口掃描模板“wlan-airscan”。
[AC-wlan-view] radio-5g-profile name radio5g [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] rrm-profile wlan-net [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] air-scan-profile wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] quit
# 在名為“ap-group1”的AP組下引用5G射頻模板“radio5g”和2G射頻模板“radio2g”。
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio-5g-profile radio5g [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio-2g-profile radio2g [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
# 配置射頻調優的模式為定時模式,調優時間定在凌晨3點。
[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable schedule time 03:00:00
- 7.提交配置
[AC-wlan-view] commit all Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y
V200R011C10版本開始,WLAN配置會自動下發,不需要再執行命令commit all提交配置。
- 8.驗證配置結果
# STA搜尋到名為“wlan-net”的無線網路,輸入密碼“a1234567”並正常關聯後,在AC上執行命令display station ssid wlan-net,可以檢視到使用者已經接入到無線網路“wlan-net”中。
[AC-wlan-view] display station ssid wlan-net Rf/WLAN: Radio ID/WLAN ID Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STA MAC AP ID Ap name Rf/WLAN Band Type Rx/Tx RSSI VLAN IP address ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- e019-1dc7-1e08 0 area_1 0/1 2.4G 11n 65/38 -29 101 10.23.101.253 b878-2eb4-2689 1 area_2 0/1 2.4G 11n 78/43 -33 101 10.23.101.254 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total: 2 2.4G: 2 5G: 0
# 在AC上執行display radio all命令,檢視射頻調優效果。
[AC-wlan-view] display radio all CH/BW:Channel/Bandwidth CE:Current EIRP (dBm) ME:Max EIRP (dBm) CU:Channel utilization ST:Status ---------------------------------------------------------------------- AP ID Name RfID Band Type ST CH/BW CE/ME STA CU ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 area_2 0 2.4G bgn on 1/20M 28/28 1 10% 1 area_2 1 5G an on 149/20M 29/29 0 15% 0 area_1 0 2.4G bgn on 6/20M 28/28 1 15% 0 area_1 1 5G an on 153/20M 29/29 0 49% ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Total:4
# 待執行手動調優半小時後,調優結束。以下配置步驟在配置檔案中不體現。此時使用者可以選以下兩種方案:
(推薦)將射頻調優模式改為定時調優,並將調優時間定為使用者業務空閒時段(如當地時間凌晨00:00-06:00時段)。
[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable schedule time 03:00:00 [AC-wlan-view] commit all Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y
手動固定通道:將RRM模板下的通道自動選擇通道功能和傳送功率自動選擇通道功能關閉。等待有新AP加入,使用者可再次手動觸發射頻調優。
[AC-wlan-view] rrm-profile name wlan-net [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] calibrate auto-channel-select disable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] calibrate auto-txpower-select disable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] quit [AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable manual [AC-wlan-view] calibrate manual startup [AC-wlan-view] commit all Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y