二進位制方法-部署k8s叢集部署1.18版本

七月流星雨發表於2021-02-07

K8S

二進位制方法-部署k8s叢集部署1.18版本

1. 前置知識點

1.1 生產環境可部署kubernetes叢集的兩種方式

目前生產部署Kubernetes叢集主要有兩種方式
- kuberadm
  
  Kubeadm是一個K8s部署工具，提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join，用於快速部署Kubernetes叢集。
- 二進位制包
  
  從github下載發行版的二進位制包，手動部署每個元件，組成Kubernetes叢集。
  
  Kubeadm降低部署門檻，但遮蔽了很多細節，遇到問題很難排查。如果想更容易可控，推薦使用二進位制包部署Kubernetes叢集，雖然手動部署麻煩點，期間可以學習很多工作原理，也利於後期維護。

1.2 安裝要求

在開始之前，部署Kubernetes叢集機器需要滿足以下幾個條件：
- 一臺或多臺機器，作業系統 CentOS7.x-86_x64
- 硬體配置：2GB或更多RAM，2個CPU或更多CPU，硬碟30GB或更多
- 叢集中所有機器之間網路互通
- 可以訪問外網，需要拉取映象，如果伺服器不能上網，需要提前下載映象並匯入節點
- 禁止swap分割槽

1.3 環境準備

1.3.1 軟體環境

軟體	版本
作業系統	CentOS7.8_x64 （mini）
Docker	19-ce
Kubernetes	1.18

1.3.2 單master架構圖

1.3.3 伺服器整體規劃

角色	IP	元件
k8s-master	192.168.0.201	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd
k8s-node1	192.168.0.202	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker etcd
k8s-node2	192.168.0.203	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker，etcd

1.4 作業系統初始化配置

# 關閉防火牆
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

# 關閉selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
setenforce 0  # 臨時

# 關閉swap
swapoff -a  # 臨時
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久

# 根據規劃設定主機名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>

# 在master新增hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.0.201 k8s-master
192.168.0.202 k8s-node1
192.168.0.203 k8s-node2
EOF

# 將橋接的IPv4流量傳遞到iptables的鏈
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效

# 時間同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com

2. 部署Etcd叢集

Etcd 是一個分散式鍵值儲存系統，Kubernetes使用Etcd進行資料儲存，所以先準備一個Etcd資料庫，為解決Etcd單點故障，應採用叢集方式部署，這裡使用3臺組建叢集，可容忍1臺機器故障，當然，你也可以使用5臺組建叢集，可容忍2臺機器故障。

節點名稱	IP
etcd-1	192.168.0.201
etcd-2	192.168.0.202
etcd-3	192.168.0.203

注：為了節省機器，這裡與K8s節點機器複用。也可以獨立於k8s叢集之外部署，只要apiserver能連線到就行。

2.1 準備cfssl 證書生成工具

cfssl是一個開源的證書管理工具，使用json檔案生成證書，相比openssl更方便使用。

找任意一臺伺服器操作，這裡用Master節點

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

2.1.1 在master執行工具安裝

[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p ~/cfssl/
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd cfssl/
[root@k8s-master cfssl]# pwd
/root/cfssl
[root@k8s-master cfssl]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
[root@k8s-master cfssl]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
[root@k8s-master cfssl]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
[root@k8s-master cfssl]# chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
[root@k8s-master cfssl]# mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
[root@k8s-master cfssl]# mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
[root@k8s-master cfssl]# mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

2.2 生成Etcd證書

2.2.1 建立工作目錄

[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /root/TLS/etcd/

2.2.2 自籤CA：

執行json格式配置

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

2.2.2.1 執行生成證書

[root@k8s-master etcd]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
2020/11/17 20:53:48 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2020/11/17 20:53:48 [INFO] generate received request
2020/11/17 20:53:48 [INFO] received CSR
2020/11/17 20:53:48 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/11/17 20:53:48 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/11/17 20:53:48 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 101950529088026535677297860863057856432140076739

2.2.2.2 驗證CA證書

[root@k8s-master etcd]# ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

2.2.3 使用自籤CA簽發Etcd HTTTPS證書

建立證書申請檔案

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.0.201",
    "192.168.0.202",
    "192.168.0.203"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

執行配置檔案

[root@k8s-master etcd]# cat > server-csr.json << EOF
> {
>     "CN": "etcd",
>     "hosts": [
>     "192.168.0.201",
>     "192.168.0.202",
>     "192.168.0.203"
>     ],
>     "key": {
>         "algo": "rsa",
>         "size": 2048
>     },
>     "names": [
>         {
>             "C": "CN",
>             "L": "BeiJing",
>             "ST": "BeiJing"
>         }
>     ]
> }
> EOF

注：上述檔案hosts欄位中IP為所有etcd節點的叢集內部通訊IP，一個都不能少！為了方便後期擴容可以多寫幾個預留的IP。

2.2.3.1 生成Etcd 證書

[root@k8s-master etcd]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2020/11/17 21:03:05 [INFO] generate received request
2020/11/17 21:03:05 [INFO] received CSR
2020/11/17 21:03:05 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/11/17 21:03:05 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/11/17 21:03:05 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 134705649830183343899987337527377566420156796503
2020/11/17 21:03:05 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").

2.2.3.2 驗證etcd證書

[root@k8s-master etcd]# ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

3. 從Github下載二進位制檔案

下載地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@k8s-master etcd]# mkdir -p ~/tools
[root@k8s-master etcd]# cd /root/tools/
[root@k8s-master tools]# wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master tools]# ll
總用量 16960
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 17364053 11月 17 21:09 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz

4. 部署Etcd叢集

以下在節點1上操作，為簡化操作，待會將節點1生成的所有檔案拷貝到節點2和節點3.

4.1 建立工作目錄並解壓二進位制包

mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

執行上面命令工作目錄

[root@k8s-master etcd]# cd /root/tools/
[root@k8s-master tools]# ll
總用量 16960
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 17364053 11月 17 21:09 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master tools]# tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master tools]# mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/etcd /opt/etcd/bin/
[root@k8s-master tools]# mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/

4.2 建立etcd配置檔案

cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.0.201:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.0.201:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.0.201:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.0.201:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.0.201:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.0.202:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.0.203:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

ETCD_NAME：節點名稱，叢集中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR：資料目錄
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：叢集通訊監聽地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客戶端訪問監聽地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：叢集通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客戶端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：叢集節點地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：叢集Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入叢集的當前狀態，new是新叢集，existing表示加入已有叢集

伺服器執行配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
> #[Member]
> ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
> ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
> ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.0.201:2380"
> ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.0.201:2379"
> #[Clustering]
> ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.0.201:2380"
> ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.0.201:2379"
> ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.0.201:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.0.202:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.0.203:2380"
> ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
> ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
> EOF

4.3 配置systemctl管理etcd服務

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

伺服器執行配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=Etcd Server
> After=network.target
> After=network-online.target
> Wants=network-online.target
> [Service]
> Type=notify
> EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
> ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
> --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
> --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
> --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
> --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
> --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
> --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
> --logger=zap
> Restart=on-failure
> LimitNOFILE=65536
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> EOF

4.4 拷貝生成的證書

拷貝ca證書和etcd證書

[root@k8s-master ~]# cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem  /opt/etcd/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ~]# cp -a ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ~]# ll /opt/etcd/ssl/
總用量 16
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 11月 19 14:53 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1265 11月 19 14:53 ca.pem
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 11月 17 21:03 server-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1338 11月 17 21:03 server.pem

4.5 拷貝master節點所有生成的檔案拷貝到節點2和節點3

[root@k8s-master ~]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.0.202:/opt
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.0.202:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.0.203:/opt
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.0.203:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

4.6 修改節點2和節點3分別修改etcd.conf配置檔案中的節點名稱和當前伺服器IP

4.6.1 修改k8s-node1節點etcd.conf配置檔案

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf 
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# cat /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf 
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-2"         # 修改此處，節點2改為etcd-2，節點3改為etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.0.202:2380"      # 修改此處為當前伺服器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.0.202:2379"    # 修改此處為當前伺服器IP
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.0.202:2380"    # 修改此處為當前伺服器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.0.202:2379"      # 修改此處為當前伺服器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.0.201:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.0.202:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.0.203:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

4.6.2 修改k8s-node2節點etcd.conf配置檔案

[root@k8s-node2 ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf 
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# cat /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf 
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-3"         # 修改此處，節點2改為etcd-2，節點3改為etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.0.203:2380"     # 修改此處為當前伺服器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.0.203:2379"    # 修改此處為當前伺服器IP
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.0.203:2380"    # 修改此處為當前伺服器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.0.203:2379"      # 修改此處為當前伺服器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.0.201:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.0.202:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.0.203:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

4.7 啟動並設定開機啟動

啟動master節點

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start etcd
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable etcd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service.

啟動node1節點

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl start etcd
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl enable etcd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service.

啟動node2節點

[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl start etcd
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl enable etcd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service.

4.8 檢視叢集狀態

[root@k8s-master ~]# ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.0.201:2379,https://192.168.0.202:2379,https://192.168.0.203:2379" endpoint health
https://192.168.0.201:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 40.294783ms
https://192.168.0.203:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 40.593516ms
https://192.168.0.202:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 21.798951ms

如果輸出上面資訊，就說明叢集部署成功。如果有問題第一步先看日誌：/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd

5. 安裝Docker

以下在所有節點操作，這裡採用yum安裝方式，

5.1 安裝docker依賴包

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data   lvm2

5.1.1 在k8s master上執行

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data   lvm2

5.1.2 在k8s node1上執行

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data   lvm2

5.1.3 在k8s node2上執行

[root@k8s-node2 ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data   lvm2

5.2 安裝docker映象源

5.2.1 在k8s master執行

[root@k8s-master ~]#  yum-config-manager     --add-repo     https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
已載入外掛：fastestmirror
adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

5.2.2 在k8s node1執行

[root@k8s-node1 ~]#  yum-config-manager     --add-repo     https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
已載入外掛：fastestmirror
adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

5.2.3 在k8s node2執行

[root@k8s-node2 ~]#  yum-config-manager     --add-repo     https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
已載入外掛：fastestmirror
adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

5.3 安裝docker

5.3.1 在k8s master上執行docker安裝

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install -y docker-ce

5.3.2 在k8s node1上執行docker安裝

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# yum install -y docker-ce

5.3.3 在k8s node2上執行docker安裝

[root@k8s-node2 ~]# yum install -y docker-ce

5.6 配置映象加速

mkdir -p  /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

5.7 啟動docker，設定開機啟動

 /bin/systemctl daemon-reload
 /bin/systemctl start docker
 /bin/systemctl enable docker

6. 部署master node

6.1 生成kube-apiserver證書

6.1.1 生成ca證書

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

執行apiserver證書配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p /root/TLS/apiserver
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /root/TLS/apiserver/
[root@k8s-master apiserver]# ll
總用量 0
[root@k8s-master apiserver]# cat > ca-config.json << EOF
> {
>   "signing": {
>     "default": {
>       "expiry": "87600h"
>     },
>     "profiles": {
>       "kubernetes": {
>          "expiry": "87600h",
>          "usages": [
>             "signing",
>             "key encipherment",
>             "server auth",
>             "client auth"
>         ]
>       }
>     }
>   }
> }
> EOF
[root@k8s-master apiserver]# cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
> {
>     "CN": "kubernetes",
>     "key": {
>         "algo": "rsa",
>         "size": 2048
>     },
>     "names": [
>         {
>             "C": "CN",
>             "L": "Beijing",
>             "ST": "Beijing",
>             "O": "k8s",
>             "OU": "System"
>         }
>     ]
> }
> EOF

執行生成ca證書

[root@k8s-master apiserver]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
2020/11/19 21:02:47 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2020/11/19 21:02:47 [INFO] generate received request
2020/11/19 21:02:47 [INFO] received CSR
2020/11/19 21:02:47 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/11/19 21:02:47 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/11/19 21:02:47 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 618964693704774402914754546857528123070512384496
[root@k8s-master apiserver]# ll *pem
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 11月 19 21:02 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1359 11月 19 21:02 ca.pem

6.2.1 生成kube-apiserver https證書

建立證書申請檔案

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.0.201",
      "192.168.0.202",
      "192.168.0.203",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

執行生成apiserver證書配置

[root@k8s-master /]# cd /root/TLS/apiserver/
[root@k8s-master apiserver]# cat > server-csr.json << EOF
> {
>     "CN": "kubernetes",
>     "hosts": [
>       "10.0.0.1",
>       "127.0.0.1",
>       "192.168.0.201",
>       "192.168.0.202",
>       "192.168.0.203",
>       "kubernetes",
>       "kubernetes.default",
>       "kubernetes.default.svc",
>       "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
>       "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
>     ],
>     "key": {
>         "algo": "rsa",
>         "size": 2048
>     },
>     "names": [
>         {
>             "C": "CN",
>             "L": "BeiJing",
>             "ST": "BeiJing",
>             "O": "k8s",
>             "OU": "System"
>         }
>     ]
> }
> EOF

注：上述檔案hosts欄位中IP為所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一個都不能少！為了方便後期擴容可以多寫幾個預留的IP。

執行生成證書

[root@k8s-master apiserver]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2020/11/19 21:16:00 [INFO] generate received request
2020/11/19 21:16:00 [INFO] received CSR
2020/11/19 21:16:00 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/11/19 21:16:01 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/11/19 21:16:01 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 61289883131760633497559745925872614733825752323
2020/11/19 21:16:01 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").

[root@k8s-master apiserver]# ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

6.2 下載kubernetes安裝包

下載地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.18.md#v1183
註釋：開啟連結你會發現裡面有很多包，下載一個server包就夠了，包含了master和worker node二進位制檔案

6.3 解壓二進位制包

[root@k8s-master /]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
[root@k8s-master apiserver]# cd /root/tools/
[root@k8s-master tools]# wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.18.3/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master tools]# tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master tools]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# ll
總用量 1087376
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  48128000 5月  20 2020 apiextensions-apiserver
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  39813120 5月  20 2020 kubeadm
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 120668160 5月  20 2020 kube-apiserver
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         8 5月  20 2020 kube-apiserver.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 174558720 5月  20 2020 kube-apiserver.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 110059520 5月  20 2020 kube-controller-manager
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         8 5月  20 2020 kube-controller-manager.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 163950080 5月  20 2020 kube-controller-manager.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  44032000 5月  20 2020 kubectl
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 113283800 5月  20 2020 kubelet
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  38379520 5月  20 2020 kube-proxy
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         8 5月  20 2020 kube-proxy.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 119099392 5月  20 2020 kube-proxy.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  42950656 5月  20 2020 kube-scheduler
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         8 5月  20 2020 kube-scheduler.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root  96841216 5月  20 2020 kube-scheduler.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   1687552 5月  20 2020 mounter
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp kube-apiserver /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp kubectl /usr/bin/

6.4 部署kube-apiserver

6.4.1 建立配置檔案

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.0.201:2379,https://192.168.0.202:2379,https://192.168.0.203:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.0.201 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.0.201 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

註釋：上面兩個\ \ 第一個是轉義符，第二個是換行符，使用轉義符是為了使用EOF保留換行符。

–logtostderr：啟用日誌
—v：日誌等級
–log-dir：日誌目錄
–etcd-servers：etcd叢集地址
–bind-address：監聽地址
–secure-port：https安全埠
–advertise-address：叢集通告地址
–allow-privileged：啟用授權
–service-cluster-ip-range：Service虛擬IP地址段
–enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模組
–authorization-mode：認證授權，啟用RBAC授權和節點自管理
–enable-bootstrap-token-auth：啟用TLS bootstrap機制
–token-auth-file：bootstrap token檔案
–service-node-port-range：Service nodeport型別預設分配埠範圍
–kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver訪問kubelet客戶端證書
–tls-xxx-file：apiserver https證書
–etcd-xxxfile：連線Etcd叢集證書
–audit-log-xxx：審計日誌

6.4.2 執行生成配置

[root@k8s-master /]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
> KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
> --v=2 \\
> --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
> --etcd-servers=https://192.168.0.201:2379,https://192.168.0.202:2379,https://192.168.0.203:2379 \\
> --bind-address=192.168.0.201 \\
> --secure-port=6443 \\
> --advertise-address=192.168.0.201 \\
> --allow-privileged=true \\
> --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
> --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
> --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
> --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
> --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
> --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
> --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
> --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
> --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
> --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
> --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
> --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
> --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
> --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
> --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
> --audit-log-maxage=30 \\
> --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
> --audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
> --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
> EOF

6.4.3 拷貝剛才生成的apiserver證書

[root@k8s-master /]# cp -a /root/TLS/apiserver/ca*pem    /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master /]# cp -a /root/TLS/apiserver/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master /]# ll /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
總用量 16
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 11月 19 21:02 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1359 11月 19 21:02 ca.pem
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 11月 19 21:16 server-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1627 11月 19 21:16 server.pem

6.4.4 啟用TLS Bootstrapping 機制

TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver啟用TLS認證後，Node節點kubelet和kube-proxy要與kube-apiserver進行通訊，必須使用CA簽發的有效證書才可以，當Node節點很多時，這種客戶端證書頒發需要大量工作，同樣也會增加叢集擴充套件複雜度。為了簡化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping機制來自動頒發客戶端證書，kubelet會以一個低許可權使用者自動向apiserver申請證書，kubelet的證書由apiserver動態簽署。所以強烈建議在Node上使用這種方式，目前主要用於kubelet，kube-proxy還是由我們統一頒發一個證書。

TLS bootstraping 工作流程：

建立上述配置檔案中token檔案：

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

執行以上操作

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
> c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
> EOF

生成token碼，可以自行生成替換

[root@k8s-master ~]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
d2251ee6e9f478ef53f768d2873a3a7a

6.4.5 使用systemd管理apiserver

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

執行管理檔案

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=Kubernetes API Server
> Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
> [Service]
> EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
> ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
> Restart=on-failure
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> EOF

6.4.6 啟動並設定開機啟動

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

執行啟動apiserver檔案

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-apiserver.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service.

驗證服務是否啟動

[root@k8s-master ~]# netstat -lntup|grep kube-apiserver
tcp        0      0 192.168.0.201:6443      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2701/kube-apiserver 
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8080          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2701/kube-apiserver 
[root@k8s-master ~]# ps -ef |grep kube-apiserver
root       2701      1  1 16:03 ?        00:01:08 /opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver --logtostderr=false --v=2 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs --etcd-servers=https://192.168.0.201:2379,https://192.168.0.202:2379,https://192.168.0.203:2379 --bind-address=192.168.0.201 --secure-port=6443 --advertise-address=192.168.0.201 --allow-privileged=true --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --audit-log-maxage=30 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 --audit-log-maxsize=100 --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log
root       2768   2053  0 17:07 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto kube-apiserver

6.4.7 授權kubelet-bootstrap使用者允許請求證書

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

6.5 部署kube-controller-manager

6.5.1 建立kube-controller-manager配置檔案

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

註釋
- –master：通過本地非安全本地埠8080連線apiserver。
- –leader-elect：當該元件啟動多個時，自動選舉（HA）
- –cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file：自動為kubelet頒發證書的CA，與apiserver保持一致

執行以上配置檔案

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
> KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
> --v=2 \\
> --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
> --leader-elect=true \\
> --master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
> --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
> --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
> --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
> --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
> --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
> --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
> --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
> --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
> --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
> EOF

6.5.2 建立controller-manager 的systemd管理配置檔案

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

在master執行controller-manager 的systemd管理配置檔案

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
> Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
> [Service]
> EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
> ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
> Restart=on-failure
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> EOF

6.5.3 啟動並設定開機啟動

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

在master環境執行啟動和開機啟動

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service.

6.6 部署kube-scheduler

6.6.1 在master上建立kube-scheduler配置檔案

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

註釋
- –master：通過本地非安全本地埠8080連線apiserver。
- –leader-elect：當該元件啟動多個時，自動選舉（HA）

執行配置檔案

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
> KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
> --v=2 \
> --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
> --leader-elect \
> --master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
> --bind-address=127.0.0.1"
> EOF

6.6.2 配置systemd管理scheduler

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

執行配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
> Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
> [Service]
> EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
> ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
> Restart=on-failure
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> EOF

6.6.3 啟動並設定開機啟動

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

執行開機啟動

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service.

6.6.4 檢視叢集狀態

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

註釋

如上輸出說明master節點元件執行正常

7. 部署worker node

下面還是在Master Node上操作，即同時作為Worker Node

7.1 建立工作目錄並拷貝二進位制檔案

在所有worker node建立工作目錄：

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}

從master節點拷貝kubelet kube-proxy配置檔案：

[root@k8s-master /]# cd /root/tools/
[root@k8s-master tools]# ll
總用量 372092
drwxr-xr-x. 3 630384594 600260513        96 11月 19 13:59 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64
-rw-r--r--. 1 root      root       17364053 11月 17 21:09 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root      root             79 5月  20 2020 kubernetes
-rw-r--r--. 1 root      root      363654483 11月 19 21:41 kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master tools]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# ll
總用量 1087376
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  48128000 5月  20 2020 apiextensions-apiserver
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  39813120 5月  20 2020 kubeadm
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 120668160 5月  20 2020 kube-apiserver
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         8 5月  20 2020 kube-apiserver.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 174558720 5月  20 2020 kube-apiserver.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 110059520 5月  20 2020 kube-controller-manager
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         8 5月  20 2020 kube-controller-manager.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 163950080 5月  20 2020 kube-controller-manager.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  44032000 5月  20 2020 kubectl
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 113283800 5月  20 2020 kubelet
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  38379520 5月  20 2020 kube-proxy
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         8 5月  20 2020 kube-proxy.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 119099392 5月  20 2020 kube-proxy.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  42950656 5月  20 2020 kube-scheduler
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         8 5月  20 2020 kube-scheduler.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root  96841216 5月  20 2020 kube-scheduler.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   1687552 5月  20 2020 mounter

[root@k8s-master bin]# cp -a kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin/    # 本地拷貝

7.2 部署kubelet

7.2.1 建立kubelet配置檔案

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

註釋
- –hostname-override：顯示名稱，叢集中唯一
- –network-plugin：啟用CNI
- –kubeconfig：空路徑，會自動生成，後面用於連線apiserver
- –bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次啟動向apiserver申請證書
- –config：配置引數檔案
- –cert-dir：kubelet證書生成目錄
- –pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod網路容器的映象

執行配置檔案

[root@k8s-master bin]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
> KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
> --v=2 \\
> --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
> --hostname-override=k8s-master \\
> --network-plugin=cni \\
> --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
> --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
> --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
> --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
> --pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
> EOF

7.2.2 建立kubelet-config.yml配置檔案

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

執行配置檔案

[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
> kind: KubeletConfiguration
> apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
> address: 0.0.0.0
> port: 10250
> readOnlyPort: 10255
> cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
> clusterDNS:
> - 10.0.0.2
> clusterDomain: cluster.local 
> failSwapOn: false
> authentication:
>   anonymous:
>     enabled: false
>   webhook:
>     cacheTTL: 2m0s
>     enabled: true
>   x509:
>     clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
> authorization:
>   mode: Webhook
>   webhook:
>     cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
>     cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
> evictionHard:
>   imagefs.available: 15%
>   memory.available: 100Mi
>   nodefs.available: 10%
>   nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
> maxOpenFiles: 1000000
> maxPods: 110
> EOF

7.2.3 生成bootstrap.kubeconfig檔案

建立bootstrap-kubeconfig.sh指令碼

[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# cd ~
[root@k8s-master ~]# ll
總用量 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 11月 17 20:39 -
-rw-------. 1 root root 1658 11月 11 05:16 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 11月 17 20:52 cfssl
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root   46 11月 19 20:59 TLS
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root  137 11月 19 21:46 tools
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim bootstrap-kubeconfig.sh
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat bootstrap-kubeconfig.sh
#!/bin/bash

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.0.201:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 與token.csv裡保持一致

# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置檔案
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

執行指令碼，生成bootstrap-kubeconfig配置檔案

[root@k8s-master ~]# sh  bootstrap-kubeconfig.sh
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kubelet-bootstrap" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
[root@k8s-master ~]# ll
總用量 12
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 11月 17 20:39 -
-rw-------. 1 root root 1658 11月 11 05:16 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------  1 root root 2167 11月 23 21:51 bootstrap.kubeconfig
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  693 11月 23 21:50 bootstrap-kubeconfig.sh
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 11月 17 20:52 cfssl
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root   46 11月 19 20:59 TLS
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root  137 11月 19 21:46 tools

拷貝bootstrap.kubeconfig

[root@k8s-master ~]# cp -a bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/

7.2.4 配置kubelet使用systemctl管理

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

執行配置檔案

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
> After=docker.service
> [Service]
> EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
> ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
> Restart=on-failure
> LimitNOFILE=65536
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> EOF

7.2.5 啟動並設定開機啟動

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

執行啟動

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kubelet
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.

7.3 批准kubelet證書申請並加入叢集

# 檢視kubelet證書請求
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE    SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-EDYoKN4sH6vlVUx7HrCH7i1lBMDTqNiTx9oRU3e3xM4   2m4s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending


# 批准申請
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl certificate approve  node-csr-EDYoKN4sH6vlVUx7HrCH7i1lBMDTqNiTx9oRU3e3xM4
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-EDYoKN4sH6vlVUx7HrCH7i1lBMDTqNiTx9oRU3e3xM4 approved

# 檢視節點
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master   NotReady   <none>   17s   v1.18.3

7.4 部署kube-proxy

7.4.1 建立kube-proxy配置檔案

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

執行配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
> KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
> --v=2 \\
> --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
> --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
> EOF

7.4.2 配置kube-proxy-config檔案

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF

執行配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
> kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
> apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
> bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
> metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
> clientConnection:
>   kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
> hostnameOverride: k8s-master
> clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
> EOF

7.4.3 生成kube-proxy證書

#切換到apiserver的目錄下
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /root/TLS/apiserver/

# 建立證書請求檔案
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成證書
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

# 檢視證書
ls kube-proxy*pem

執行配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /root/TLS/apiserver/
[root@k8s-master apiserver]# ll
總用量 36
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  294 11月 19 21:00 ca-config.json
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1001 11月 19 21:02 ca.csr
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  264 11月 19 21:00 ca-csr.json
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 11月 19 21:02 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1359 11月 19 21:02 ca.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1261 11月 19 21:16 server.csr
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  557 11月 19 21:10 server-csr.json
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 11月 19 21:16 server-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1627 11月 19 21:16 server.pem
[root@k8s-master apiserver]# cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
> {
>   "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
>   "hosts": [],
>   "key": {
>     "algo": "rsa",
>     "size": 2048
>   },
>   "names": [
>     {
>       "C": "CN",
>       "L": "BeiJing",
>       "ST": "BeiJing",
>       "O": "k8s",
>       "OU": "System"
>     }
>   ]
> }
> EOF

執行證書生成命令

[root@k8s-master apiserver]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
2020/11/23 22:16:56 [INFO] generate received request
2020/11/23 22:16:56 [INFO] received CSR
2020/11/23 22:16:56 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/11/23 22:16:57 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/11/23 22:16:57 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 135691991395151702368398150414714985360518061883
2020/11/23 22:16:57 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").

檢視證書

[root@k8s-master apiserver]# ls kube-proxy*pem
kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem

7.4.4 生成kubeconfig配置檔案

建立kubeconfig.sh指令碼

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim kubeconfig.sh
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat kubeconfig.sh 
#!/bin/bash

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.0.201:6443"     #修改本地ip地址

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

執行指令碼

[root@k8s-master ~]# sh kubeconfig.sh 
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
error: error reading client-certificate data from ./kube-proxy.pem: open ./kube-proxy.pem: no such file or directory
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".

拷貝配置檔案kube-proxy.kubeconfig

[root@k8s-master ~]# cp -a kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/

7.4.5 配置systemctl管理kube-proxy

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

執行配置

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=Kubernetes Proxy
> After=network.target
> [Service]
> EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
> ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
> Restart=on-failure
> LimitNOFILE=65536
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> EOF

7.4.6 啟動並設定開機啟動

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

執行啟動並設定開機啟動

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-proxy
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.

7.5 部署CNI網路

7.5.1 下載CNI二進位制檔案

下載地址: https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /root/tools/
[root@k8s-master tools]# ll
總用量 372092
drwxr-xr-x. 3 630384594 600260513        96 11月 19 13:59 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64
-rw-r--r--. 1 root      root       17364053 11月 17 21:09 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root      root             79 5月  20 2020 kubernetes
-rw-r--r--. 1 root      root      363654483 11月 19 21:41 kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master tools]# wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
[root@k8s-master tools]# ll
總用量 408108
-rw-r--r--  1 root      root       36878412 11月 24 12:55 cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
drwxr-xr-x. 3 630384594 600260513        96 11月 19 13:59 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64
-rw-r--r--. 1 root      root       17364053 11月 17 21:09 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root      root             79 5月  20 2020 kubernetes
-rw-r--r--. 1 root      root      363654483 11月 19 21:41 kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

7.5.2 解壓二進位制包並移動到預設工作目錄：

[root@k8s-master tools]# mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
[root@k8s-master tools]# tar -zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin/
./
./flannel
./ptp
./host-local
./firewall
./portmap
./tuning
./vlan
./host-device
./bandwidth
./sbr
./static
./dhcp
./ipvlan
./macvlan
./loopback
./bridge

7.5.3 部署CNI網路：

[root@k8s-master tools]# cd /root
[root@k8s-master ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
[root@k8s-master ~]# sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml

註釋：預設映象地址無法訪問，修改為docker hub映象倉庫

# 部署外掛
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

# 查詢外掛
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2pc95   1/1     Running   0          72s

# 查詢node
kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master   Ready    <none>   41m   v1.18.3

部署好網路外掛，Node準備就緒。

7.6 授權apiserver 訪問kubelet

cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
      - pods/log
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF

# 執行配置檔案
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

執行配置檔案

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
> apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
> kind: ClusterRole
> metadata:
>   annotations:
>     rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
>   labels:
>     kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
>   name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
> rules:
>   - apiGroups:
>       - ""
>     resources:
>       - nodes/proxy
>       - nodes/stats
>       - nodes/log
>       - nodes/spec
>       - nodes/metrics
>       - pods/log
>     verbs:
>       - "*"
> ---
> apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
> kind: ClusterRoleBinding
> metadata:
>   name: system:kube-apiserver
>   namespace: ""
> roleRef:
>   apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
>   kind: ClusterRole
>   name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
> subjects:
>   - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
>     kind: User
>     name: kubernetes
> EOF

執行配置檔案生成

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:kube-apiserver created

7.7 新增加worker node

7.7.1 拷貝已部署好的node相關檔案到新節點

[root@k8s-master ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.0.202:/opt
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.0.202:/usr/lib/systemd/system

[root@k8s-master ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.0.203:/opt
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.0.203:/usr/lib/systemd/system

7.7.2 刪除kubelet證書和kubeconfig檔案

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

[root@k8s-node2 ~]# rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

7.7.3 修改主機名

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf 
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf 
--hostname-override=k8s-master
 # 把上面的修改為下面這種
--hostname-override=k8s-node1 

[root@k8s-node2 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-master
 # 把上面的修改為下面這種
--hostname-override=k8s-node2

7.7.4 啟動並設定開機啟動，在兩臺node都的執行

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

在k8s-node1上執行

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl start kubelet
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl start kube-proxy
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.

在k8s-node2上執行

[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl start kubelet
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl start kube-proxy
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.

7.7.5 在master上批准新node kubelet證書申請

# 檢視kubelet證書申請
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-dtumcoSnXgyUaZCgSflcsFXHx4dkXLwN9RHZispUKb8   34s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
node-csr-oLimBxMuWXYX0e0o0ddQ66n4er3niq7hRWHF7NXx6b8   28s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending



# 批准申請
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-dtumcoSnXgyUaZCgSflcsFXHx4dkXLwN9RHZispUKb8
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-dtumcoSnXgyUaZCgSflcsFXHx4dkXLwN9RHZispUKb8 approved
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-oLimBxMuWXYX0e0o0ddQ66n4er3niq7hRWHF7NXx6b8
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-oLimBxMuWXYX0e0o0ddQ66n4er3niq7hRWHF7NXx6b8 approved


# 查詢node節點
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master   Ready      <none>   20h   v1.18.3
k8s-node1    NotReady   <none>   32s   v1.18.3
k8s-node2    NotReady   <none>   19s   v1.18.3

8. 部署dashboard影像化管理

8.1 下載 dashboard影像化管理包

官方下載地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases

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