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Matlab和C#混合程式設計文章目錄 :【目錄】Matlab和C#混合程式設計文章目錄
在我的上一篇文章【原創】Matlab.NET混編技巧之——找出Matlab內建函式中,已經大概的介紹了matlab內建函式在混合程式設計中的優點,並通過程式找出了matlab中的大部分內建函式,當然更多人關心是如何像我所說得那樣,不用直接編譯,就直接在C#中呼叫這些內建函式。本文就帶你揭開這些謎團。
宣告,這篇文章是需要一點點混合程式設計基礎的,基本概念和過程要懂一點,如果能簡單成功混編一個簡單的計算或者繪圖例子,可以更容易理解。
1.傳統的Matlab.NET混合程式設計步驟
傳統的Matlab.NET混合程式設計有2種方式:
1)Matlab編寫好M函式,利用deploytool編譯m函式生成dll,在C#專案中引用並呼叫;
2)基於介面的編寫方式,也是利用deploytool工具,過程繁瑣一點,對程式設計人員素質要求高一點,但不需要進行繁瑣的資料型別轉換。我的部落格有一篇文章專門介紹了這個混合程式設計方式,也有例子,大家有興趣的可以看看:http://www.cnblogs.com/asxinyu/archive/2013/05/16/3082299.html
不管上面用哪種方式,Matlab和C#混編的基本步驟,大概都是下面的過程:
1) 編寫M函式,並首先在Matlab中測試是正確可以呼叫的。注意命名規範,註釋規範;
2) 使用命令開啟 deploytool工具,設定專案名稱,選擇型別:.NET Assembly,然後新建一個類,並新增編寫好的M函式
3) 編譯,生成dll,並在C#專案中新增引用(還需要引用對應版本的MWArray),利用物件瀏覽器檢視生成dll的方法結構,並根據Matlab和C#的型別轉換規則,進行資料轉換即可, 如果是介面的程式設計,這個過程相對要簡單。
2.深入解析傳統混編所生成的程式碼
2.1 第一步:編寫M函式,並測試可以使用
為了好我們今天的目的相匹配,特意封裝一個簡單的內建函式,plot,來畫一個簡單的圖形,如下所示M函式
1 function PlotTest(n) 2 %編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 3 plot(1:n,1:n); 4 %測試正確,才可以進行下一步工作
注意,混編必須是m函式function的形式才能被呼叫。上述函式簡單測試一下,沒有問題(複雜的函式一定要多測試,否則後續除錯非常困難)。繼續下一步。
2.2 第二步:在Matlab中使用deploytool建立混編專案
在Matlab工作區輸入命令:deploytool,然後得到下面介面,輸入混編專案的名稱,選擇儲存位置,關鍵的是型別那裡一定要選擇".NET Assembly"。如下圖所示:
選擇“OK”之後,下一步matlab介面右側會出現專案解決方案,需要新增類名稱和M檔案。這個類名稱,就是編譯完成之後C#專案中的類物件名稱,然後新增我們剛才上一步編寫的“PlotTest.m”,然後編譯即可,如下圖所示:
到此為止,一個常規 簡單的Matlab.NET混編已經完成了60%了。編譯完成之後,開啟“Package”選項卡,即可看到生成的dll檔案,然後點選右鍵,開啟資料夾即可,如下圖所示:
2.3 檢視混編生成的程式碼
這個過程很關鍵,其實包含很多資訊,只不過95%以上的人都沒有注意到其實混編生成的dll是有原始檔的,通過檢視原始檔就應該知道混編的原理,只不過這是matlab自動生成 而已。那看看生成的原始碼吧。
開啟Matlab混編專案的目錄,可以看到有2個資料夾,"distrib”,“src”2個資料夾。"distrib"資料夾就是上面圖中生成的dll,注意有2個dll,1個是“專案名稱.dll”,一個是“專案名稱Native.dll”,這2個dll的差別可以通過"distrib"資料夾原始碼來觀察。“distrib”就是原始碼的資料夾。如下圖所示,src資料夾的檔案示意圖:
我們2.2中新建的類名是TestDemo,所以生成的的原始碼名稱也是TestDemo,看看這2個cs檔案中的程式碼,同時類的方法也可以在VS中通過物件瀏覽器來檢視dll有哪些方法以及方法的引數型別。直接貼這2個cs檔案的程式碼,順便解釋和對比下:
TestDemo.cs檔案原始碼:
1 /* 2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a) 3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013 4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T" 5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w" 6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w" 7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license" 8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 9 */ 10 using System; 11 using System.Reflection; 12 using System.IO; 13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays; 14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility; 15 16 #if SHARED 17 [assembly: System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyFile(@"")] 18 #endif 19 20 namespace PlotTest 21 { 22 23 /// <summary> 24 /// The TestDemo class provides a CLS compliant, MWArray interface to the M-functions 25 /// contained in the files: 26 /// <newpara></newpara> 27 /// D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m 28 /// <newpara></newpara> 29 /// deployprint.m 30 /// <newpara></newpara> 31 /// printdlg.m 32 /// </summary> 33 /// <remarks> 34 /// @Version 0.0 35 /// </remarks> 36 public class TestDemo : IDisposable 37 { 38 #region Constructors 39 40 /// <summary internal= "true"> 41 /// The static constructor instantiates and initializes the MATLAB Compiler Runtime 42 /// instance. 43 /// </summary> 44 static TestDemo() 45 { 46 if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized) 47 { 48 Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly(); 49 50 string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location; 51 52 int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\"); 53 54 ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter)); 55 56 string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf"; 57 58 Stream embeddedCtfStream = null; 59 60 String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames(); 61 62 foreach (String name in resourceStrings) 63 { 64 if (name.Contains(ctfFileName)) 65 { 66 embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name); 67 break; 68 } 69 } 70 mcr= new MWMCR("", 71 ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true); 72 } 73 else 74 { 75 throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized"); 76 } 77 } 78 79 80 /// <summary> 81 /// Constructs a new instance of the TestDemo class. 82 /// </summary> 83 public TestDemo() 84 { 85 } 86 87 88 #endregion Constructors 89 90 #region Finalize 91 92 /// <summary internal= "true"> 93 /// Class destructor called by the CLR garbage collector. 94 /// </summary> 95 ~TestDemo() 96 { 97 Dispose(false); 98 } 99 100 101 /// <summary> 102 /// Frees the native resources associated with this object 103 /// </summary> 104 public void Dispose() 105 { 106 Dispose(true); 107 108 GC.SuppressFinalize(this); 109 } 110 111 112 /// <summary internal= "true"> 113 /// Internal dispose function 114 /// </summary> 115 protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) 116 { 117 if (!disposed) 118 { 119 disposed= true; 120 121 if (disposing) 122 { 123 // Free managed resources; 124 } 125 126 // Free native resources 127 } 128 } 129 130 131 #endregion Finalize 132 133 #region Methods 134 135 /// <summary> 136 /// Provides a void output, 0-input MWArrayinterface to the PlotTest M-function. 137 /// </summary> 138 /// <remarks> 139 /// M-Documentation: 140 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 141 /// </remarks> 142 /// 143 public void PlotTest() 144 { 145 mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{}); 146 } 147 148 149 /// <summary> 150 /// Provides a void output, 1-input MWArrayinterface to the PlotTest M-function. 151 /// </summary> 152 /// <remarks> 153 /// M-Documentation: 154 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 155 /// </remarks> 156 /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param> 157 /// 158 public void PlotTest(MWArray n) 159 { 160 mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n); 161 } 162 163 164 /// <summary> 165 /// Provides the standard 0-input MWArray interface to the PlotTest M-function. 166 /// </summary> 167 /// <remarks> 168 /// M-Documentation: 169 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 170 /// </remarks> 171 /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param> 172 /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output 173 /// arguments.</returns> 174 /// 175 public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut) 176 { 177 return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{}); 178 } 179 180 181 /// <summary> 182 /// Provides the standard 1-input MWArray interface to the PlotTest M-function. 183 /// </summary> 184 /// <remarks> 185 /// M-Documentation: 186 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 187 /// </remarks> 188 /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param> 189 /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param> 190 /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output 191 /// arguments.</returns> 192 /// 193 public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, MWArray n) 194 { 195 return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n); 196 } 197 198 199 200 /// <summary> 201 /// This method will cause a MATLAB figure window to behave as a modal dialog box. 202 /// The method will not return until all the figure windows associated with this 203 /// component have been closed. 204 /// </summary> 205 /// <remarks> 206 /// An application should only call this method when required to keep the 207 /// MATLAB figure window from disappearing. Other techniques, such as calling 208 /// Console.ReadLine() from the application should be considered where 209 /// possible.</remarks> 210 /// 211 public void WaitForFiguresToDie() 212 { 213 mcr.WaitForFiguresToDie(); 214 } 215 216 217 218 #endregion Methods 219 220 #region Class Members 221 222 private static MWMCR mcr= null; 223 224 private bool disposed= false; 225 226 #endregion Class Members 227 } 228 }
TestDemoNative.cs檔案原始碼:
1 /* 2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a) 3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013 4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T" 5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w" 6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w" 7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license" 8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 9 */ 10 using System; 11 using System.Reflection; 12 using System.IO; 13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays; 14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility; 15 16 #if SHARED 17 [assembly: System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyFile(@"")] 18 #endif 19 20 namespace PlotTestNative 21 { 22 23 /// <summary> 24 /// The TestDemo class provides a CLS compliant, Object (native) interface to the 25 /// M-functions contained in the files: 26 /// <newpara></newpara> 27 /// D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m 28 /// <newpara></newpara> 29 /// deployprint.m 30 /// <newpara></newpara> 31 /// printdlg.m 32 /// </summary> 33 /// <remarks> 34 /// @Version 0.0 35 /// </remarks> 36 public class TestDemo : IDisposable 37 { 38 #region Constructors 39 40 /// <summary internal= "true"> 41 /// The static constructor instantiates and initializes the MATLAB Compiler Runtime 42 /// instance. 43 /// </summary> 44 static TestDemo() 45 { 46 if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized) 47 { 48 Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly(); 49 50 string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location; 51 52 int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\"); 53 54 ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter)); 55 56 string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf"; 57 58 Stream embeddedCtfStream = null; 59 60 String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames(); 61 62 foreach (String name in resourceStrings) 63 { 64 if (name.Contains(ctfFileName)) 65 { 66 embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name); 67 break; 68 } 69 } 70 mcr= new MWMCR("", 71 ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true); 72 } 73 else 74 { 75 throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized"); 76 } 77 } 78 79 80 /// <summary> 81 /// Constructs a new instance of the TestDemo class. 82 /// </summary> 83 public TestDemo() 84 { 85 } 86 87 88 #endregion Constructors 89 90 #region Finalize 91 92 /// <summary internal= "true"> 93 /// Class destructor called by the CLR garbage collector. 94 /// </summary> 95 ~TestDemo() 96 { 97 Dispose(false); 98 } 99 100 101 /// <summary> 102 /// Frees the native resources associated with this object 103 /// </summary> 104 public void Dispose() 105 { 106 Dispose(true); 107 108 GC.SuppressFinalize(this); 109 } 110 111 112 /// <summary internal= "true"> 113 /// Internal dispose function 114 /// </summary> 115 protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) 116 { 117 if (!disposed) 118 { 119 disposed= true; 120 121 if (disposing) 122 { 123 // Free managed resources; 124 } 125 126 // Free native resources 127 } 128 } 129 130 131 #endregion Finalize 132 133 #region Methods 134 135 /// <summary> 136 /// Provides a void output, 0-input Objectinterface to the PlotTest M-function. 137 /// </summary> 138 /// <remarks> 139 /// M-Documentation: 140 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 141 /// </remarks> 142 /// 143 public void PlotTest() 144 { 145 mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new Object[]{}); 146 } 147 148 149 /// <summary> 150 /// Provides a void output, 1-input Objectinterface to the PlotTest M-function. 151 /// </summary> 152 /// <remarks> 153 /// M-Documentation: 154 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 155 /// </remarks> 156 /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param> 157 /// 158 public void PlotTest(Object n) 159 { 160 mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n); 161 } 162 163 164 /// <summary> 165 /// Provides the standard 0-input Object interface to the PlotTest M-function. 166 /// </summary> 167 /// <remarks> 168 /// M-Documentation: 169 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 170 /// </remarks> 171 /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param> 172 /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output 173 /// arguments.</returns> 174 /// 175 public Object[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut) 176 { 177 return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new Object[]{}); 178 } 179 180 181 /// <summary> 182 /// Provides the standard 1-input Object interface to the PlotTest M-function. 183 /// </summary> 184 /// <remarks> 185 /// M-Documentation: 186 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 187 /// </remarks> 188 /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param> 189 /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param> 190 /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output 191 /// arguments.</returns> 192 /// 193 public Object[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, Object n) 194 { 195 return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n); 196 } 197 198 199 /// <summary> 200 /// Provides an interface for the PlotTest function in which the input and output 201 /// arguments are specified as an array of Objects. 202 /// </summary> 203 /// <remarks> 204 /// This method will allocate and return by reference the output argument 205 /// array.<newpara></newpara> 206 /// M-Documentation: 207 /// 編寫一個簡單的函式,對plot進行簡單封裝一下 208 /// </remarks> 209 /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return</param> 210 /// <param name= "argsOut">Array of Object output arguments</param> 211 /// <param name= "argsIn">Array of Object input arguments</param> 212 /// <param name= "varArgsIn">Array of Object representing variable input 213 /// arguments</param> 214 /// 215 [MATLABSignature("PlotTest", 1, 0, 0)] 216 protected void PlotTest(int numArgsOut, ref Object[] argsOut, Object[] argsIn, params Object[] varArgsIn) 217 { 218 mcr.EvaluateFunctionForTypeSafeCall("PlotTest", numArgsOut, ref argsOut, argsIn, varArgsIn); 219 } 220 221 /// <summary> 222 /// This method will cause a MATLAB figure window to behave as a modal dialog box. 223 /// The method will not return until all the figure windows associated with this 224 /// component have been closed. 225 /// </summary> 226 /// <remarks> 227 /// An application should only call this method when required to keep the 228 /// MATLAB figure window from disappearing. Other techniques, such as calling 229 /// Console.ReadLine() from the application should be considered where 230 /// possible.</remarks> 231 /// 232 public void WaitForFiguresToDie() 233 { 234 mcr.WaitForFiguresToDie(); 235 } 236 237 238 239 #endregion Methods 240 241 #region Class Members 242 243 private static MWMCR mcr= null; 244 245 private bool disposed= false; 246 247 #endregion Class Members 248 } 249 }
對比大家就可以發現,只不過一個更加傻瓜化,引數都是Object了,其實這樣反而不好,增加了型別轉換的代價,如果知道,為何不給一個正確的給他呢。關於這2個dll的速度,曾經聽說過是有差別的,部落格園有人給過測試,我沒實際測試過,還是習慣用傳統的TestDemo.cs,因為引數型別都是Object,不直觀,出了問題也有點頭疼。
2.4 上述Matlab自動生成程式碼的要點
後面某些類或者方法的XML註釋就不說了,自動生成的東西,可以對照M檔案的註釋來看。
1.首先看第一段的註釋資訊:
1 /* 2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a) 3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013 4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T" 5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w" 6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w" 7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license" 8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 9 */ 10 using System; 11 using System.Reflection; 12 using System.IO; 13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays; 14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;
上面這段資訊主要是說明當前Matlab編譯器的版本,因為編譯的版本和部署的MCR版本必須對應起來,否則是不能執行的。然後有編譯日期,以及編譯的引數,類名以及M函式的地址等資訊,其實知道這些引數,理論上是可以自己在程式裡面呼叫Matlab的編譯器進行編譯工作的,只不過比較複雜,能力有限,研究不下去。下面的引用大家應該明白,這個是MWArray.dll裡面的名稱空間,所以混編的專案都要引用對應版本的MWArray.dll
2.關鍵的靜態建構函式
1 static TestDemo() 2 { 3 if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized) 4 { 5 Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly(); 6 string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location; 7 int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\"); 8 ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter)); 9 string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf"; 10 Stream embeddedCtfStream = null; 11 String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames(); 12 foreach (String name in resourceStrings) 13 { 14 if (name.Contains(ctfFileName)) 15 { 16 embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name); 17 break; 18 } 19 } 20 mcr= new MWMCR("",ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true); 21 } 22 else 23 { 24 throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized"); 25 } 26 }
如果有一些C#的開發和程式設計經驗看上面的程式碼問題應該不大,否則還真有點難說清楚,簡單的說幾個要點:
1)這個建構函式的作用主要是檢測MCR物件是否初始化,如果沒有,則尋找程式集,並拼接資源的位置,正確進行初始化
2) 上面的ctf其實是包含在dll程式集裡面的,以資源的形式,這個檔案是核心,它才真正的包括了Matlab編譯之後的,MCR可以執行的中間程式。
3) 必須要合法正確的ctf檔案和dll檔案才能 正確的初始化mcr物件,合法的意思,是Matlab內部有校驗機制,包括對相關版本,在以前的版本生成檔案中,很明顯,現在2012a裡面都隱藏起來了,不過要求都一樣。
4) 上面方法其實已經間接的告訴了我們怎麼初始化mcr物件,有了mcr物件,一切都好辦了,因為它才是MCR的核心。
3.PlotTest封裝的方法程式碼
1 public void PlotTest() 2 { 3 mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{}); 4 } 5 public void PlotTest(MWArray n) 6 { 7 mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n); 8 } 9 public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut) 10 { 11 return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{}); 12 } 13 public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, MWArray n) 14 { 15 return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n); 16 }
看了欄位程式碼,再對應mcr的初始化,其實都很明朗了。通過mcr的EvaluateFunction來呼叫M函式。上面的程式碼有幾個過載方法,可以實用很多不同的情況,有時候,這些方法的個數會更多,其實沒多大必要,也可以自己編譯一下,把沒用的刪掉,保留少數幾個有用的即可。同時也可以看到,這裡直接通過字串來傳遞函式名稱的,因此必須保證這個函式能被mcr搜尋到。比如我們這裡的"PlotTest"這個函式其實就包含了ctf檔案中(注意ctf檔案是可以和dll分開的,在混編專案裡可以設定)。
3.上述程式碼到內建函式的呼叫
上述已經講解了整個mcr呼叫的過程,其實就是通過mcr的EvaluateFunction來呼叫M函式,但要保證對於的函式名稱在mcr搜尋的範圍內。那麼我們是不是可以假設:內建函式都在MCR內部,應該是可以搜尋到的,那麼把上面的函式名稱換一下,是不是也是可行的。這個假設也是我最早接觸時候的想法,有了假設,當然要去驗證。現在看來這個當然是肯定的,那麼不妨重新演示一遍。過程不詳細講了,程式碼也有註釋,混編要引用的MWArray.dll和名稱空間也不提了,看程式碼:
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Reflection; 6 using System.IO; 7 8 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility; 9 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays; 10 11 12 namespace BuildInFunctionDemo 13 { 14 class Program 15 { 16 static MWMCR mcr; 17 static void Main(string[] args) 18 { 19 #region 首先使用PlotTest.dll來初始化mcr,因為這個dll是混編“合法”產生的,只有這樣才能順利啟動mcr 20 if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized) 21 { 22 string path = Path.Combine(System.Environment.CurrentDirectory, "PlotTest.dll"); 23 Assembly assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(path); 24 string ctfFilePath = assembly.Location; 25 int lastDelimiter = ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\"); 26 ctfFilePath = ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter)); 27 string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf"; 28 Stream embeddedCtfStream = null; 29 String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames(); 30 31 foreach (String name in resourceStrings) 32 { 33 if (name.Contains(ctfFileName)) 34 { 35 embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name); 36 break; 37 } 38 } 39 mcr = new MWMCR("",ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true); 40 } 41 else 42 { 43 throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized"); 44 } 45 #endregion 46 47 #region 直接呼叫混編dll中的封裝函式進行測試 48 mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", 5); 49 50 //注意這裡要斷點除錯才能看到效果哦,因為mcr會把圖繪製在一個Figure上面, 51 //後面的會覆蓋前面的,這裡暫停一下,可以看前面的效果 52 //下面就是直接呼叫matlab的plot函式的效果 53 MWNumericArray x = new double[]{1,2,3,4,5}; 54 MWNumericArray y = new double[]{2,1,2.8,5.3,4.7}; 55 mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "plot",x,y ); 56 #endregion 57 58 Console.ReadKey(); 59 } 60 } 61 }
唯一要注意的就是50-52的說明,要加斷點看2次繪製的效果。分別截圖如下:
=
4.總結
拋磚引玉,這裡只是一個思路,附程式碼下載吧。
http://www.kuaipan.cn/file/id_4279479643944070.htm