JVM 調優命令&工具使用
使用 jmap 命令 [生產環境慎用! 會造成生產環境卡頓!!!!]
調優，從規劃開始
-
調優，從業務場景開始，沒有業務場景的調優都是耍流氓
-
無監控（壓力測試，能看到結果），不調優
-
步驟：
- 熟悉業務場景（沒有最好的垃圾回收器，只有最合適的垃圾回收器）
- 響應時間、停頓時間 [CMS G1 ZGC] （需要給使用者作響應）
- 吞吐量 = 使用者時間 /( 使用者時間 + GC時間) [PS]
- 選擇回收器組合
- 計算記憶體需求（經驗值 1.5G 16G）
- 選定CPU（越高越好）
- 設定年代大小、升級年齡
- 設定日誌引數
- -Xloggc:/opt/xxx/logs/xxx-xxx-gc-%t.log -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 -XX:GCLogFileSize=20M -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCCause
- 或者每天產生一個日誌檔案
- 觀察日誌情況
- 熟悉業務場景（沒有最好的垃圾回收器，只有最合適的垃圾回收器）
top命令 檢視程式佔用資源情況
Processes: 393 total, 2 running, 391 sleeping, 1727 threads 10:26:14
Load Avg: 3.60, 3.03, 2.80 CPU usage: 21.24% user, 14.8% sys, 64.67% idle SharedLibs: 217M resident, 60M data, 39M linkedit.
MemRegions: 111000 total, 5331M resident, 158M private, 1972M shared. PhysMem: 16G used (2420M wired), 480M unused.
VM: 2005G vsize, 1297M framework vsize, 725056(0) swapins, 845477(0) swapouts. Networks: packets: 7278266/11G in, 5756934/4837M out.
Disks: 1039370/15G read, 2239416/30G written.
PID COMMAND %CPU TIME #TH #WQ #PORT MEM PURG CMPRS PGRP PPID STATE BOOSTS %CPU_ME %CPU_OTHRS UID
6738 top 3.9 00:00.70 1/1 0 25 4880K+ 0B 0B 6738 4188 running *0[1] 0.00000 0.00000 0
6736 CFNetworkAge 0.0 00:00.10 3 2 43 10M 0B 0B 6736 1 sleeping *0[1] 0.00000 0.00000 0
6734 ocspd 0.0 00:00.02 2 1 31 1636K 0B 0B 6734 1 sleeping *0[1] 0.00000 0.00000 0
6731 backupd 0.0 00:00.04 2 1 42 1612K 0B 0B 6731 1 sleeping *0[1] 0.00000 0.00000 0
6730 VTDecoderXPC 0.0 00:00.55 2 1 50 5288K 0B 0B 6730 1 sleeping 0[43] 0.00000 0.00000 501
6710 CoreServices 0.0 00:00.20 3 1 164 4288K 0B 0B 6710 1 sleeping *0[1] 0.00000 0.00000 501
6708 Google Chrom 0.0 00:00.14 12 1 100 14M 4096B 0B 737 737 sleeping *0[7] 0.00000 0.00000 501
6707 Google Chrom 0.0 00:00.52 12 1 142 25M 4096B 0B 737 737 sleeping *0[5] 0.00000 0.00000 501
6705 Google Chrom 0.0 00:00.37 12 1 134 18M 4096B 0B 737 737 sleeping *0[6] 0.00000 0.00000 501
6703 Google Chrom 0.0 00:04.29 13 1 155 72M 4096B 0B 737 737 sleeping *0[5] 0.00000 0.00000 501
jps 命令 檢視 java程式
MacBook-Pro:~ sysadmin$ jps
6613 Launcher
6605
6733 Jps
jstack 命令 關注 WATTING 檢視死鎖問題
MacBook-Pro:~ sysadmin$ jstack 6613
2020-02-10 10:24:35
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.161-b12 mixed mode):
"Attach Listener" #13 daemon prio=9 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fb2d1869000 nid=0xb07 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"DestroyJavaVM" #12 prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fb2cf2ea000 nid=0x2703 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"JPS event loop" #9 prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fb2d01de000 nid=0x4703 runnable [0x000070000bc6e000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
at sun.nio.ch.KQueueArrayWrapper.kevent0(Native Method)
at sun.nio.ch.KQueueArrayWrapper.poll(KQueueArrayWrapper.java:198)
at sun.nio.ch.KQueueSelectorImpl.doSelect(KQueueSelectorImpl.java:117)
at sun.nio.ch.SelectorImpl.lockAndDoSelect(SelectorImpl.java:86)
- locked <0x00000007b57
jstat -gc pid 檢視 GC 情況
MacBook-Pro:~ sysadmin$ jstat -gc 6613
S0C S1C S0U S1U EC EU OC OU MC MU CCSC CCSU YGC YGCT FGC FGCT GCT
10752.0 10752.0 0.0 4405.1 65536.0 26391.4 175104.0 152.0 17152.0 16563.7 2048.0 1933.2 1 0.007 0 0.000 0.007
jinfo pid 檢視 jvm 常用資訊
[root@henghe-023 sbin]# jinfo 27519
Attaching to process ID 27519, please wait...
Debugger attached successfully.
Server compiler detected.
JVM version is 25.151-b12
Java System Properties:
java.runtime.name = Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment
java.vm.version = 25.151-b12
sun.boot.library.path = /opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/amd64
hadoop.root.logger = INFO,RFA
java.vendor.url = http://java.oracle.com/
java.vm.vendor = Oracle Corporation
path.separator = :
file.encoding.pkg = sun.io
java.vm.name = Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM
sun.os.patch.level = unknown
sun.java.launcher = SUN_STANDARD
user.country = CN
user.dir = /opt/hadoop-2.7.4
java.vm.specification.name = Java Virtual Machine Specification
hdfs.audit.logger = INFO,NullAppender
java.runtime.version = 1.8.0_151-b12
java.awt.graphicsenv = sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment
os.arch = amd64
java.endorsed.dirs = /opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/endorsed
line.separator =
java.io.tmpdir = /tmp
hadoop.log.file = hadoop-root-namenode-henghe-023.log
java.vm.specification.vendor = Oracle Corporation
os.name = Linux
hadoop.id.str = root
sun.jnu.encoding = UTF-8
java.library.path = /usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
hadoop.home.dir = /opt/hadoop-2.7.4
java.specification.name = Java Platform API Specification
java.class.version = 52.0
java.net.preferIPv4Stack = true
proc_namenode =
sun.management.compiler = HotSpot 64-Bit Tiered Compilers
os.version = 3.10.0-1062.4.3.el7.x86_64
user.home = /root
user.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
java.awt.printerjob = sun.print.PSPrinterJob
file.encoding = UTF-8
java.specification.version = 1.8
user.name = root
java.class.path = /opt/hadoop-2.7.4/etc/hadoop:************.jar
java.vm.specification.version = 1.8
sun.arch.data.model = 64
sun.java.command = org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode
java.home = /opt/jdk1.8/jre
user.language = zh
java.specification.vendor = Oracle Corporation
hadoop.security.logger = INFO,RFAS
awt.toolkit = sun.awt.X11.XToolkit
java.vm.info = mixed mode
hadoop.log.dir = /opt/hadoop-2.7.4/logs
java.version = 1.8.0_151
java.ext.dirs = /opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/ext:/usr/java/packages/lib/ext
sun.boot.class.path = /opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/resources.jar:/opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/rt.jar:/opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/sunrsasign.jar:/opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/jsse.jar:/opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/jce.jar:/opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/charsets.jar:/opt/jdk1.8/jre/lib/jfr.jar:/opt/jdk1.8/jre/classes
java.vendor = Oracle Corporation
file.separator = /
java.vendor.url.bug = http://bugreport.sun.com/bugreport/
sun.io.unicode.encoding = UnicodeLittle
sun.cpu.endian = little
hadoop.policy.file = hadoop-policy.xml
sun.cpu.isalist =
VM Flags:
Non-default VM flags: -XX:CICompilerCount=3 -XX:InitialHeapSize=9995026432 -XX:MaxHeapSize=9995026432 -XX:MaxNewSize=1073741824 -XX:MinHeapDeltaBytes=524288 -XX:NewSize=1073741824 -XX:OldSize=8921284608 -XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers -XX:+UseCompressedOops -XX:+UseFastUnorderedTimeStamps -XX:+UseParallelGC
Command line: -Dproc_namenode -Xmx1000m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.log.dir=/opt/hadoop-2.7.4/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=hadoop.log -Dhadoop.home.dir=/opt/hadoop-2.7.4 -Dhadoop.id.str=root -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,console -Dhadoop.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.log.dir=/opt/hadoop-2.7.4/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=hadoop-root-namenode-henghe-023.log -Dhadoop.home.dir=/opt/hadoop-2.7.4 -Dhadoop.id.str=root -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Dhadoop.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Xmx9531m -Xms9531m -Xmn1024m -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Xmx9531m -Xms9531m -Xmn1024m -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Xmx9531m -Xms9531m -Xmn1024m -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS
arthas [推薦]
Arthas 是Alibaba開源的Java診斷工具.
安裝&啟動
curl -O https://alibaba.github.io/arthas/arthas-boot.jar
java -jar arthas-boot.jar
[root@henghe-023 data]# java -jar arthas-boot.jar
[INFO] arthas-boot version: 3.1.7
[INFO] Found existing java process, please choose one and hit RETURN.
* [1]: 28443 org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode
[2]: 27519 org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode
2
[INFO] arthas home: /root/.arthas/lib/3.1.7/arthas
[INFO] Try to attach process 27519
[INFO] Attach process 27519 success.
[INFO] arthas-client connect 127.0.0.1 3658
,---. ,------. ,--------.,--. ,--. ,---. ,---.
/ O \ | .--. ''--. .--'| '--' | / O \ ' .-'
| .-. || '--'.' | | | .--. || .-. |`. `-.
| | | || |\ \ | | | | | || | | |.-' |
`--' `--'`--' '--' `--' `--' `--'`--' `--'`-----'
wiki https://alibaba.github.io/arthas
tutorials https://alibaba.github.io/arthas/arthas-tutorials
version 3.1.7
pid 28443
time 2020-02-10 10:46:37
[arthas@28443]$
安裝/使用參考官方文件: https://alibaba.github.io/arthas/install-detail.html
[arthas@14804]$ dashboard
ID NAME GROUP PRIORITY STATE %CPU TIME INTERRUPT DAEMON
20 pool-1-thread-12 main 5 WAITING 4 0:0 false false
27 pool-1-thread-19 main 5 WAITING 4 0:0 false false
10 pool-1-thread-2 main 5 WAITING 3 0:0 false false
50 pool-1-thread-42 main 5 WAITING 3 0:0 false false
19 pool-1-thread-11 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
22 pool-1-thread-14 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
24 pool-1-thread-16 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
25 pool-1-thread-17 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
28 pool-1-thread-20 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
33 pool-1-thread-25 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
39 pool-1-thread-31 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
41 pool-1-thread-33 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
44 pool-1-thread-36 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
45 pool-1-thread-37 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
54 pool-1-thread-46 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
57 pool-1-thread-49 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
13 pool-1-thread-5 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
58 pool-1-thread-50 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
Memory used total max usage GC
heap 63M 89M 89M 71.18% gc.ps_scavenge.count 17
ps_eden_space 5M 11M 11M 51.41% gc.ps_scavenge.time(ms) 232
ps_survivor_space 3M 11M 11M 28.69% gc.ps_marksweep.count 0
ps_old_gen 54M 67M 67M 81.52% gc.ps_marksweep.time(ms) 0
nonheap 19M 20M -1 95.94%
code_cache 4M 4M 240M 1.79%
metaspace 13M 14M -1 97.40%
compressed_class_space 1M 1M 1024M 0.16%
Runtime
os.name Linux
os.version 3.10.0-1062.4.3.el7.x86_64
java.version 1.8.0_151
java.home /opt/jdk1.8/jre
systemload.average 0.60
processors 6
uptime 182s
ID NAME GROUP PRIORITY STATE %CPU TIME INTERRUPT DAEMON
57 pool-1-thread-49 main 5 WAITING 8 0:0 false false
10 pool-1-thread-2 main 5 WAITING 5 0:0 false false
22 pool-1-thread-14 main 5 TIMED_WAI 3 0:0 false false
45 pool-1-thread-37 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
54 pool-1-thread-46 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
16 pool-1-thread-8 main 5 WAITING 2 0:0 false false
73 Timer-for-arthas-dashboard-6 system 10 RUNNABLE 1 0:0 false true
9 pool-1-thread-1 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
18 pool-1-thread-10 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
19 pool-1-thread-11 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
20 pool-1-thread-12 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
21 pool-1-thread-13 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
23 pool-1-thread-15 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
24 pool-1-thread-16 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
25 pool-1-thread-17 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
26 pool-1-thread-18 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
27 pool-1-thread-19 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
28 pool-1-thread-20 main 5 WAITING 1 0:0 false false
Memory used total max usage GC
heap 68M 89M 89M 76.85% gc.ps_scavenge.count 17
ps_eden_space 10M 11M 11M 96.60% gc.ps_scavenge.time(ms) 232
ps_survivor_space 3M 11M 11M 28.69% gc.ps_marksweep.count 0
ps_old_gen 54M 67M 67M 81.52% gc.ps_marksweep.time(ms) 0
nonheap 20M 21M -1 95.65%
code_cache 4M 4M 240M 1.87%
metaspace 13M 14M -1 95.72%
compressed_class_space 1M 1M 1024M 0.17%
Runtime
os.name Linux
os.version 3.10.0-1062.4.3.el7.x86_64
java.version 1.8.0_151
java.home /opt/jdk1.8/jre
systemload.average 0.55
processors 6
uptime 187s
使用 jmap 命令 [生產環境慎用! 會造成生產環境卡頓!!!!]
jmap -histo $PID | head -50 檢視類物件
示例:
[root@henghe-023 arthas]# jmap -histo 23893 | head -50
num #instances #bytes class name
----------------------------------------------
1: 381601 27475272 java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask
2: 506262 16200384 java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$Node
3: 381626 15265040 java.math.BigDecimal
4: 381600 12211200 com.zl.gc.T15_FullGC_Problem01$CardInfo
5: 381612 9158688 java.util.Date
6: 381602 9158448 java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter
7: 381600 6105600 com.zl.gc.T15_FullGC_Problem01$$Lambda$2/245257410
8: 131012 4192384 java.util.HashMap$Node
9: 2470 4135208 [B
10: 36531 2892152 [Ljava.lang.Object;
11: 3 2662808 [Ljava.util.concurrent.RunnableScheduledFuture;
12: 53790 2048256 [C
13: 14342 1669984 [I
14: 53552 1285248 java.lang.String
15: 2355 1134592 [Ljava.util.HashMap$Node;
16: 33494 803856 java.util.ArrayList
17: 31471 755304 io.termd.core.term.Feature
18: 30539 488624 io.termd.core.term.OpCode$Literal
19: 26476 423616 io.termd.core.term.Sequence
20: 2710 306568 java.lang.Class
21: 5178 207120 java.util.LinkedHashMap$Entry
22: 1575 138600 java.lang.reflect.Method
23: 156 102336 io.netty.util.internal.shaded.org.jctools.queues.MpscArrayQueue
24: 28 98816 [Ljava.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
25: 1887 90576 java.util.HashMap
26: 2700 86400 com.taobao.text.Style$Composite
27: 2647 84704 io.termd.core.term.OpCode$Printf
28: 4643 74288 io.termd.core.term.OpCode$PushParam
29: 1629 52128 io.termd.core.term.Device
30: 1795 43064 [Ljava.lang.Class;
31: 1314 42048 io.termd.core.term.Capability
32: 443 40336 [Ljava.lang.String;
33: 1169 37408 io.termd.core.term.TermInfoBuilder$Entry
34: 645 36120 java.util.LinkedHashMap
35: 475 34200 java.lang.reflect.Field
36: 1397 33528 io.termd.core.term.OpCode$PushConstant
37: 1327 31848 io.termd.core.term.OpCode$If
38: 1327 31848 io.termd.core.term.OpCode$Then
39: 492 27552 java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInflaterInputStream
40: 492 27552 java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInputStream
41: 48 27264 io.netty.util.internal.shaded.org.jctools.queues.MpscUnboundedArrayQueue
42: 667 26680 java.util.ArrayList$SubList
43: 819 26208 java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$Node
44: 612 24480 java.lang.ref.Finalizer
45: 59 22184 java.lang.Thread
46: 10 17120 [Lio.netty.buffer.PoolSubpage;
47: 383 15320 java.lang.ref.SoftReference
[root@henghe-023 arthas]#
jmap -dump:format=b,file=20200210.hprof $PID 將記憶體資訊生成檔案,進行分析 [jhat, jvisualvm,mat]
[root@henghe-023 arthas]# jmap -dump:format=b,file=20200210.hprof 23893
Dumping heap to /data/arthas/20200210.hprof ...
Heap dump file created
使用jvisualvm 進行檢視 dump 檔案[試驗用]
/Library/java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_161.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/jvisualvm
JVM 日誌設定
-Xloggc:/opt/xxx/logs/xxx-xxx-gc-%t.log -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 -XX:GCLogFileSize=20M -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCCause
-Xloggc:/opt/xxx/logs/xxx-gc-%t.log // GC 檔案路徑
-XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation // 啟用 GC日誌滾動記錄功能
-XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 // 生成 GC 檔案數量
-XX:GCLogFileSize=20M // 單個 GC 檔案大小
-XX:+PrintGCDetails // 列印 GC 詳情
-XX:+PrintGCDateStamps // 列印 GC 時間戳
-XX:+PrintGCCause // 列印 GC 產生原因
物件建立流程
CMS GC 過程
初始標記和重新標記要 觸發 STW
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