Flutter外掛開發之APK自動安裝
本文適用於Android開發人員
個人部落格
什麼是Flutter Plugin
Flutter Plugin是一種特殊的包,包含一個用Dart編寫的API定義,結合Android和iOS的平臺特定實現,從而達到二者相容。
- 應用的Flutter部分通過平臺通道(platform channel)將訊息傳送到其應用程式的所在的宿主(iOS或Android)
- 宿主監聽的平臺通道,並接收該訊息。然後它會呼叫特定於該平臺的API(使用原生程式語言) - 並將響應傳送回客戶端,即應用程式的Flutter部分 使用平臺通道在客戶端(Flutter UI)和宿主(平臺)之間傳遞訊息,如下圖所示
建立Flutter App
相關程式碼見執行第一個Flutter App
建立Flutter Plugin
右鍵工程->New->Module,如下圖所示
選擇Flutter Plugin,點選Next,如下圖所示 輸入工程名(Project name),點選Next,如下圖所示 輸入包名(Package name),點選Finish,入下圖所示 到此Flutter plugin建立完成。引入外掛
在工程目錄下找到pubspec.yaml
檔案,在dev_dependencies
新增如下依賴,如下圖所示
dev_dependencies:
flutter_test:
sdk: flutter
install_apk_plugin:
path: install_apk_plugin
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獲取版本號demo
開啟外掛lib下的dart檔案,會有平臺自動生成的程式碼,具體是實現獲取APP版本號,如下面程式碼所示
class InstallApkPlugin {
static const MethodChannel _channel =
const MethodChannel('install_apk_plugin');
static Future<String> get platformVersion async {
final String version = await _channel.invokeMethod('getPlatformVersion');
return version;
}
}
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java部分的程式碼如下面所示
public class InstallApkPlugin implements MethodCallHandler {
private static final String TAG = "InstallApkPlugin";
private final Registrar registrar;
/**
* Plugin registration.
*/
public static void registerWith(Registrar registrar) {
final MethodChannel channel = new MethodChannel(registrar.messenger(), "install_apk_plugin");
channel.setMethodCallHandler(new InstallApkPlugin(registrar));
}
private InstallApkPlugin(Registrar registrar) {
this.registrar = registrar;
}
@Override
public void onMethodCall(MethodCall call, Result result) {
if (call.method.equals("getPlatformVersion")) {
result.success("Android " + android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE);
} else {
result.notImplemented();
}
}
}
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實現自動安裝APK
實現自動安裝APK,需要從Flutter應用層傳入一個APK安裝包的地址到host層,dart程式碼如下所示:
class InstallApkPlugin {
static const MethodChannel _channel =
const MethodChannel('install_apk_plugin');
static Future<String> get platformVersion async {
final String version = await _channel.invokeMethod('getPlatformVersion');
return version;
}
static Future<bool> installApk(String path) async {
final bool isSuccess = await _channel.invokeMethod('installApk', path);
return isSuccess;
}
}
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java部分的程式碼如下所示
public class InstallApkPlugin implements MethodCallHandler {
private static final String TAG = "InstallApkPlugin";
private final Registrar registrar;
/**
* Plugin registration.
*/
public static void registerWith(Registrar registrar) {
final MethodChannel channel = new MethodChannel(registrar.messenger(), "install_apk_plugin");
channel.setMethodCallHandler(new InstallApkPlugin(registrar));
}
private InstallApkPlugin(Registrar registrar) {
this.registrar = registrar;
}
@Override
public void onMethodCall(MethodCall call, Result result) {
if (call.method.equals("getPlatformVersion")) {
result.success("Android " + android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE);
} else if (call.method.equals("installApk")) {
final String path = (String) call.arguments;
Log.d(TAG, "installApk path is " + path);
} else {
result.notImplemented();
}
}
}
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到此,host層就能獲取到APK安裝包的路徑了,後面只需實現Android安裝APK的程式碼邏輯即可,在日誌下面新增如下程式碼
File file = new File(path);
installApk(file, registrar.context());
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installApk
程式碼實現如下所示
private void installApk(File apkFile, Context context) {
Intent installApkIntent = new Intent();
installApkIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
installApkIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
installApkIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri apkUri = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
apkUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, context.getPackageName() + ".fileprovider", apkFile);
installApkIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
} else {
apkUri = Uri.fromFile(apkFile);
}
installApkIntent.setDataAndType(apkUri, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
if (context.getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(installApkIntent, 0).size() > 0) {
context.startActivity(installApkIntent);
}
}
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除此之外,還需修改AndroidManifest.xml
內的程式碼,如下面程式碼所示
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
package="com.yuzo.install_apk_plugin">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" />
<application>
<!--provider start-->
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
tools:replace="android:authorities"
android:authorities="com.yuzo.opengit.fileprovider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
tools:replace="android:resource"
android:resource="@xml/file_path" />
</provider>
<!--provider end-->
</application>
</manifest>
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file_path.xml
放在res->xml資料夾下面,如下面程式碼所示
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
tools:ignore="ResourceName">
<root-path
name="root_path"
path="." />
</paths>
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執行程式碼如下圖所示