hbase之 Hbase shell 常用命令

下面我們看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，我列出了幾個常用的HBase Shell命令，如下：
名稱
命令表示式
建立表
create '表名稱', '列名稱1','列名稱2','列名稱N'
新增記錄 
put '表名稱', '行名稱', '列名稱:', '值'
檢視記錄
get '表名稱', '行名稱'
檢視錶中的記錄總數
count '表名稱'
刪除記錄
delete '表名' ,'行名稱' , '列名稱'
刪除一張表
先要遮蔽該表，才能對該表進行刪除，第一步 disable '表名稱' 第二步 drop '表名稱'
檢視所有記錄
scan "表名稱" 
檢視某個表某個列中所有資料
scan "表名稱" , ['列名稱:']
更新記錄
就是重寫一遍進行覆蓋
一、一般操作
1.查詢伺服器狀態
hbase(main):024:0>status
3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load

2.查詢hive版本

hbase(main):025:0>version
0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011

二、DDL操作

1.建立一個表
hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info' 
0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds

2.獲得表的描述
hbase(main):012:0>list
TABLE 
member 
1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds
hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION ENABLED 
{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true 
VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa 
lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI 
ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', 
BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]} 
1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds

3.刪除一個列族，alter，disable，enable
我們之前建了3個列族，但是發現member_id這個列族是多餘的，因為他就是主鍵，所以我們要將其刪除。
hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}

ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering.

報錯，刪除列族的時候必須先將表給disable掉。
hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member' 
0 row(s) in 2.0390seconds
hbase(main):005:0>alter'member',NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'
0 row(s) in 0.0560seconds
hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION ENABLED 
{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false 
VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa 
lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI 
ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', 
BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]} 
1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds
該列族已經刪除，我們繼續將表enable
hbase(main):008:0> enable 'member' 
0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds

4.列出所有的表
hbase(main):028:0>list
TABLE 
member 
temp_table 
2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

5.drop一個表
hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 2.0590seconds

hbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds

6.查詢表是否存在
hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member'
Table member doesexist 
0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds

7.判斷表是否enable
hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member'
true 
0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

8.判斷表是否disable
hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member'
false 
0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

三、DML操作

1.插入幾條記錄
put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'
put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17'
put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'
put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie' 
put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'

2.獲取一條資料
獲取一個id的所有資料
hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue'
COLUMN CELL 
address:city timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou 
address:contry timestamp=1321586239126, value=china 
address:province timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang 
info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24 
info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 
info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba 
6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds

獲取一個id，一個列族的所有資料
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info'
COLUMN CELL 
info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24 
info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 
info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba 
3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

獲取一個id，一個列族中一個列的所有資料
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' 
COLUMN CELL 
info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24 
1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds

6.更新一條記錄
將scutshuxue的年齡改成99
hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99'
0 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

hbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' 
COLUMN CELL 
info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99 
1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

3.透過timestamp來獲取兩個版本的資料
hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965}
COLUMN CELL 
info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24 
1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843}
COLUMN CELL 
info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99 
1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

4.全表掃描：
hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member'
ROW COLUMN+CELL 
scutshuxue column=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou 
scutshuxue column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126, value=china 
scutshuxue column=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang 
scutshuxue column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843, value=99 
scutshuxue column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 
scutshuxue column=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba 
temp column=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775, value=59 
xiaofeng column=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400, value=jieyang 
xiaofeng column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316, value=china 
xiaofeng column=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355, value=guangdong 
xiaofeng column=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564, value=xianqiao 
xiaofeng column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202, value=1987-4-17 
xiaofeng column=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277, value=alibaba 
xiaofeng column=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241, value=movie 
3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds

5.刪除id為temp的值的‘info:age’欄位
hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age'
0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds
hbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp'
COLUMN CELL 
0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

6.刪除整行

hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng'
0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds

7.查詢表中有多少行：
hbase(main):019:0>count 'member' 
2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

8.給‘xiaofeng’這個id增加'info:age'欄位，並使用counter實現遞增
hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' 
COUNTER VALUE = 1

hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' 
COLUMN CELL 
info:age timestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01 
1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2

hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' 
COLUMN CELL 
info:age timestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02 
1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

獲取當前count的值
hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' 
COUNTER VALUE = 2

9.將整張表清空：
hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member'
Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Dropping table...
- Creating table...
0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds
可以看出，hbase是先將掉disable掉，然後drop掉後重建表來實現truncate的功能的。