最近在編寫自動化shell指令碼，為實現簡易的使用者/密碼/資料加密，防止直接的明文顯示，使用base64編碼演算法進行資料轉化

**短字串轉碼/解碼測試**
正常轉碼（經測試，加單引號、雙引號或者不加引號的結果）：
```bash
[root@db5 ~]# echo 123456 | base64
MTIzNDU2Cg==
[root@db5 ~]# echo '123456' | base64
MTIzNDU2Cg==
[root@db5 ~]# echo "123456" | base64
MTIzNDU2Cg==

正常解碼：
[root@db5 ~]# echo MTIzNDU2Cg== | base64 -d
123456
[root@db5 ~]# echo 'MTIzNDU2Cg==' | base64 -d
123456
[root@db5 ~]# echo "MTIzNDU2Cg==" | base64 -d
123456
```
**長字串轉碼/解碼測試（建議使用雙引號，文中會出現單引號等字元，解析成字串）
**
正常轉碼：
```bash
[root@db5 ~]# echo "May you have enough happiness to make you sweet,enough trials to make you strong,enough sorrow to keep you human,enough hope to make you happy? Always put yourself in others’soes.If you feel that it hurts you,it probably hurts the other person, too." | base64
TWF5IHlvdSBoYXZlIGVub3VnaCBoYXBwaW5lc3MgdG8gbWFrZSB5b3Ugc3dlZXQsZW5vdWdoIHRy
aWFscyB0byBtYWtlIHlvdSBzdHJvbmcsZW5vdWdoIHNvcnJvdyB0byBrZWVwIHlvdSBodW1hbixl
bm91Z2ggaG9wZSB0byBtYWtlIHlvdSBoYXBweT8gQWx3YXlzIHB1dCB5b3Vyc2VsZiBpbiBvdGhl
cnPigJlzaG9lcy5JZiB5b3UgZmVlbCB0aGF0IGl0IGh1cnRzIHlvdSxpdCBwcm9iYWJseSBodXJ0
cyB0aGUgb3RoZXIgcGVyc29uLCB0b28uCg==
```
正常解碼：
```bash
[root@db5 ~]# echo "TWF5IHlvdSBoYXZlIGVub3VnaCBoYXBwaW5lc3MgdG8gbWFrZSB5b3Ugc3dlZXQsZW5vdWdoIHRy
> aWFscyB0byBtYWtlIHlvdSBzdHJvbmcsZW5vdWdoIHNvcnJvdyB0byBrZWVwIHlvdSBodW1hbixl
> bm91Z2ggaG9wZSB0byBtYWtlIHlvdSBoYXBweT8gQWx3YXlzIHB1dCB5b3Vyc2VsZiBpbiBvdGhl
> cnPigJlzaG9lcy5JZiB5b3UgZmVlbCB0aGF0IGl0IGh1cnRzIHlvdSxpdCBwcm9iYWJseSBodXJ0
> cyB0aGUgb3RoZXIgcGVyc29uLCB0b28uCg==" | base64 -d
May you have enough happiness to make you sweet,enough trials to make you strong,enough sorrow to keep you human,enough hope to make you happy? Always put yourself in others’shoes.If you feel that it hurts you,it probably hurts the other person, too.

```
**長字串轉碼指定--wrap引數測試******
轉碼時指定--wrap=0引數，轉碼後不換行
```bash
[root@db5 ~]# echo "May you have enough happiness to make you sweet,enough trials to make you strong,enough sorrow to keep you human,enough hope to make you happy? Always put yourself in others’ses.If you feel that it hurts you,it probably hurts the other person, too." | base64 --wrap=0
TWF5IHlvdSBoYXZlIGVub3VnaCBoYXBwaW5lc3MgdG8gbWFrZSB5b3Ugc3dlZXQsZW5vdWdoIHRyaWFscyB0byBtYWtlIHlvdSBzdHJvbmcsZW5vdWdoIHNvcnJvdyB0byBrZWVwIHlvdSBodW1hbixlbm91Z2ggaG9wZSB0byBtYWtlIHlvdSBoYXBweT8gQWx3YXlzIHB1dCB5b3Vyc2VsZiBpbiBvdGhlcnPigJlzb2VzLklmIHlvdSBmZWVsIHRoYXQgaXQgaHVydHMgeW91LGl0IHByb2JhYmx5IGh1cnRzIHRoZSBvdGhlciBwZXJzb24sIHRvby4K[root@db5 ~]#
```
正常解碼：
```bash
[root@db5 ~]# echo "TWF5IHlvdSBoYXZlIGVub3VnaCBoYXBwaW5lc3MgdG8gbWFrZSB5b3Ugc3dlZXQsZW5vdWdoIHRyaWFscyB0byBtYWtlIHlvdSBzdHJvbmcsZW5vdWdoIHNvcnJvdyB0byBrZWVwIHlvdSBodW1hbixlbm91Z2ggaG9wZSB0byBtYWtlIHlvdSBoYXBweT8gQWx3YXlzIHB1dCB5b3Vyc2VsZiBpbiBvdGhlcnPigJlzb2VzLklmIHlvdSBmZWVsIHRoYXQgaXQgaHVydHMgeW91LGl0IHByb2JhYmx5IGh1cnRzIHRoZSBvdGhlciBwZXJzb24sIHRvby4K" | base64 -d
May you have enough happiness to make you sweet,enough trials to make you strong,enough sorrow to keep you human,enough hope to make you happy? Always put yourself in others’soes.If you feel that it hurts you,it probably hurts the other person, too.
```

這裡說明對長字串轉碼，透過換行引數，明確第N個字元後換行（或者不換行），可以得出不同的轉碼結果。但是對不同轉碼值進行解碼後的結果是一致的，都是原字串。

**特殊字元轉碼/解碼測試******
如果是一個特殊字元
```bash
[root@db5 ~]# echo ! | base64
IQo=
[root@db5 ~]# echo '!' | base64
IQo=
[root@db5 ~]# echo "!" | base64
-bash: !: event not found
如果是多個特殊字元
[root@db5 ~]# echo !@ | base64
-bash: !@: event not found
[root@db5 ~]# echo '!@' | base64
IUAK
[root@db5 ~]# echo "!@" | base64
-bash: !@: event not found
```
這裡說明對特殊字元進行轉碼時，應該使用單引號。

**解決-bash: !: event not found的問題**
為了解決-bash: !: event not found的問題，可以執行set +H命令（set命令    引數：-H Shell 　可利用"!"加的方式來執行history中記錄的指令。）
```bash
[root@db5 ~]# echo "!" | base64
-bash: !: event not found
[root@db5 ~]# echo !@ | base64
-bash: !@: event not found
[root@db5 ~]# echo "!@" | base64
-bash: !@: event not found

[root@db5 ~]# set +H
[root@db5 ~]# echo "!" | base64
IQo=
[root@db5 ~]# echo !@ | base64
IUAK
[root@db5 ~]# echo "!@" | base64
IUAK
```

Linux作業系統base64命令操作案例，並解決-bash: !: event not found的問題

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