線上oracle datagard備庫由於斷電以及誤刪除從庫的歸檔日誌檔案，所以導致，備庫主庫資料不一致，備庫需要緊急恢復，下面是大概恢復過程

1，從主庫上面備份控制檔案
[oracle@localhost rman_recover]$ rman target /
RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby format '/data/oracle/backup/data/ctlfile.bak';
Starting backup at 22-MAY-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1094 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including standby control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-MAY-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-MAY-14
piece handle=/data/oracle/backup/data/ctlfile.bak tag=TAG20140522T165431 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 22-MAY-14

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 22-MAY-14
piece handle=/data/oracle/backup/data/ctl_auto/c-3391761643-20140522-02 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 22-MAY-1
RMAN>

2，準備備份檔案
備份整庫,這個步驟可以省去，用今天凌晨3點rman備份好的，而且由於備份目錄從庫也可以直接訪問，所以不用scp了。
RMAN> backup database format '/u01/rman_recover/%full_backup_%T_%t.bak';

3，copy主庫的備份到備庫同樣的目錄下面。
這個不用了，備份檔案在share磁碟裡面，主庫備庫都可以訪問得到。

4，然後關閉從庫
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit

[oracle@localhost ~]$ ps -eaf|grep oracle
oracle 3137 1 0 May04 ? 00:00:54 /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
root 24061 24009 0 15:19 pts/2 00:00:00 su - oracle
oracle 24062 24061 0 15:19 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash
root 24423 22842 0 17:06 pts/0 00:00:00 su - oracle
oracle 24424 24423 0 17:06 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash
oracle 24465 24062 0 17:14 pts/2 00:00:00 ps -eaf
oracle 24466 24062 0 17:14 pts/2 00:00:00 grep oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$

5，先備份原有的控制檔案路徑，再copy新的控制檔案覆蓋備庫的控制檔案。
5.1備庫上查詢控制檔案路徑：
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/home/oradata/psdtest/control01.ctl
/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/psdtest/control02.ctl
SQL>

再在備庫上copy新的控制檔案覆蓋原有的控制檔案
5.2先備份：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cp /home/oradata/psdtest/control01.ctl /tmp/control01.ctl.bak
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cp /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/psdtest/control02.ctl /tmp/control02.ctl.bak

5.3 再覆蓋：
copy控制檔案進行覆蓋：
cp /data/oracle/backup/data/ctlfile.bak /home/oradata/psdtest/control01.ctl
cp /data/oracle/backup/data/ctlfile.bak /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/psdtest/control02.ctl

5.4刪除備庫歸檔日誌目錄下的所有檔案
mv /data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive/* /data/oracle/backup/data/back_0522_108

6，將備庫例項啟動到nomount狀態。
啟動備庫例項：
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218316 bytes
Variable Size 75499764 bytes
Database Buffers 88080384 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

7，獲取備庫的tns名字，準備用rman登入
7.1，獲取備庫的tns：（我的是orcl_s.2_tns）
cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
[oracle@localhost data]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
PD_DG =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = xxx.xxx.xxx.108)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID= psdtest)
)
)

PD =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = xxx.xxx.xxx.107)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = pdunq)
)
)

PD_DG 這個是你的備庫108tns名稱，PD就是主庫107的tns名稱

7.2，再次檢視主庫SID名稱是否統一：
備庫： [oracle@localhost archivelog]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
psdtest

主庫： [oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
psdtest

7,3 rman 遠端登入pd_dg從庫庫：
再連線
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rlwrap rman target / auxiliary sys/passwdxxx@PD_DG

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 22 18:11:31 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: psdtest (DBID=3391761643)
connected to auxiliary database: psdtest (not mounted)

RMAN>

7.4，執行恢復命令
run {
allocate auxiliary channel c1 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel c2 device type disk;
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck dorecover;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}
#nofilenamecheck：必須指定NOFILENAMECHECK引數，避免覆蓋primary資料庫的當前的資料檔案。另外主從路徑一致，不需要執行檔案路徑以及check了
#release ：這是關閉前兩行開啟的通道

開始執行：
RMAN>run {
allocate auxiliary channel c1 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel c2 device type disk;
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck dorecover;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
3> 4> 5> 6> 7> }

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=386 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=482 device type=DISK

Starting Duplicate Db at 23-MAY-14

contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 10436786792;
restore clone standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 23-MAY-14
channel c1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel c1: restoring control file
channel c1: reading from backup piece /data/oracle/backup/data/ctl_auto/c-3391761643-20140523-00
channel c1: piece handle=/data/oracle/backup/data/ctl_auto/c-3391761643-20140523-00 tag=TAG20140523T033551
channel c1: restored backup piece 1
channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/control01.ctl
output file name=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/psdtest/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 23-MAY-14

contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby databas
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 10436786792;
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 2 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/users01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 5 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/psdtestk01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 6 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/plas01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 7 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/pl01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 8 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/help01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 9 to
"/home/oradata/psdtest/adobelc01.dbf";
restore
clone database
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /home/oradata/psdtest/temp01.dbf in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 23-MAY-14
channel c1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel c1: restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oradata/psdtest/system01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00002 to /home/oradata/psdtest/sysaux01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oradata/psdtest/undotbs01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oradata/psdtest/users01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00005 to /home/oradata/psdtest/psdtestk01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00006 to /home/oradata/psdtest/plas01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00007 to /home/oradata/psdtest/pl01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00008 to /home/oradata/psdtest/help01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00009 to /home/oradata/psdtest/adobelc01.dbf
channel c1: reading from backup piece /data/oracle/backup/data/2014-05-23/full_psdtest_20140523_1304.bak
channel c1: piece handle=/data/oracle/backup/data/2014-05-23/full_psdtest_20140523_1304.bak tag=TAG20140523T032104
channel c1: restored backup piece 1
channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:20:15
Finished restore at 23-MAY-14
contents of Memory Script:
{
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=848313777 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/system01.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=848313777 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=848313777 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=848313777 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/users01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=848313777 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/psdtestk01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=848313777 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/plas01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=848313777 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/pl01.dbf
datafile 8 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=848313777 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/help01.dbf
datafile 9 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=848313778 file name=/home/oradata/psdtest/adobelc01.dbf

contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 10436786792;
recover
standby
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 23-MAY-14
starting media recovery
released channel: c1
released channel: c2
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 05/23/2014 10:44:21
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
RMAN-06053: unable to perform media recovery because of missing log
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8254 and starting SCN of 10436680710 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8253 and starting SCN of 10436636473 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8252 and starting SCN of 10436621186 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8251 and starting SCN of 10436616182 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8250 and starting SCN of 10436611843 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8249 and starting SCN of 10436606580 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8248 and starting SCN of 10436589966 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8247 and starting SCN of 10436589919 found to restore
有報錯資訊，檢視alert日誌資訊：
貼一下從庫的alert日誌資訊：
[oracle@localhost data]$ tail -f /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pddgunq/psdtest/trace/alert_psdtest.log
[oracle@localhost standby_archive]$ history |grep tail
804 tail -f /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pddgunq/psdtest/trace/alert_psdtest.log
813 tail -f /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pddgunq/psdtest/trace/alert_psdtest.log
878 history |grep tail
[oracle@localhost standby_archive]$ tail -f /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pddgunq/psdtest/trace/alert_psdtest.log
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pddgunq/psdtest/trace/psdtest_arc2_478.trc:
ORA-16191: Primary log shipping client not logged on standby
ARCj: Archival started
ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
Fri May 23 10:22:45 2014
Full restore complete of datafile 8 /home/oradata/psdtest/help01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:02
checkpoint is 10436588043
last deallocation scn is 9881798870
Full restore complete of datafile 9 /home/oradata/psdtest/adobelc01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:00
checkpoint is 10436588043
Fri May 23 10:23:25 2014
Full restore complete of datafile 7 /home/oradata/psdtest/pl01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:26
checkpoint is 10436588043
last deallocation scn is 10430929064
Fri May 23 10:24:22 2014
Full restore complete of datafile 3 /home/oradata/psdtest/undotbs01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:01:19
checkpoint is 10436588043
last deallocation scn is 10436580283
Undo Optimization current scn is 10436537601
Fri May 23 10:25:34 2014
Full restore complete of datafile 4 /home/oradata/psdtest/users01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:02:52
checkpoint is 10436588043
last deallocation scn is 10431120328
Fri May 23 10:27:10 2014
Full restore complete of datafile 1 /home/oradata/psdtest/system01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:04:06
checkpoint is 10436588043
last deallocation scn is 10431182430
Undo Optimization current scn is 10436537601
Fri May 23 10:30:07 2014
Full restore complete of datafile 6 /home/oradata/psdtest/plas01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:07:23
checkpoint is 10436588043
last deallocation scn is 10431118551
Fri May 23 10:30:30 2014
Full restore complete of datafile 2 /home/oradata/psdtest/sysaux01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:07:46
checkpoint is 10436588043
last deallocation scn is 10436477741
Fri May 23 10:36:02 2014
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 15360 MB is 0.00% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
Fri May 23 10:42:47 2014
Full restore complete of datafile 5 /home/oradata/psdtest/psdtestk01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:19:52
checkpoint is 10436588043
last deallocation scn is 10431121555
Fri May 23 10:42:58 2014
Switch of datafile 1 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Switch of datafile 2 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Switch of datafile 3 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Switch of datafile 4 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Switch of datafile 5 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Switch of datafile 6 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Switch of datafile 7 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Switch of datafile 8 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Switch of datafile 9 complete to datafile copy
checkpoint is 10436588043
Using STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST parameter default value as /data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive
alter database recover datafile list clear
Completed: alter database recover datafile list clear
alter database recover datafile list
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Completed: alter database recover datafile list
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
alter database recover if needed
standby start until change 10436786792
Media Recovery Start
started logmerger process
Fri May 23 10:43:00 2014
Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply
Parallel Media Recovery started with 16 slaves
ORA-279 signalled during: alter database recover if needed
standby start until change 10436786792
...
Fri May 23 10:43:22 2014
alter database recover cancel
Fri May 23 10:43:22 2014
Signalling error 1152 for datafile 1!
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pddgunq/psdtest/trace/psdtest_pr00_676.trc:
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oradata/psdtest/system01.dbf'
Slave exiting with ORA-1547 exception
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pddgunq/psdtest/trace/psdtest_pr00_676.trc:
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oradata/psdtest/system01.dbf'
ORA-10879 signalled during: alter database recover cancel...

8，看到報錯了，去備庫，看看例項狀態是否為MOUNTED
select status from v$instance;
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
MOUNTED

SQL>
SQL> select name,applied from v$archived_log;
no rows selected
SQL>

再檢視下日誌歸檔到哪裡了：
從庫上：
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive
Oldest online log sequence 8245
Next log sequence to archive 8247
Current log sequence 8247
SQL>
主庫上：
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog
Oldest online log sequence 8255
Next log sequence to archive 8257
Current log sequence 8257
SQL>
主庫從庫相差10個archive log點。
主庫上執行：
select local.thread#,local.sequence# from
(select thread#,sequence# from v$archived_log where dest_id=1) local
where local.sequence# not in
(select sequence# from v$archived_log where dest_id=2 and
thread# = local.thread#);

檢視備份庫的tns資訊如下：
cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
備庫上驗證tns
[oracle@localhost standby_archive]$ sqlplus sys/passwdxxx@PD as sysdba;
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 23 11:17:51 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

SQL>
可以登入，證明tns是正常的。

備庫上再執行：
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-10458: standby database requires recovery
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oradata/psdtest/system01.dbf'

檢視主庫備庫的scn號碼：
SQL> select to_char(current_scn) from v$database;
TO_CHAR(CURRENT_SCN)
----------------------------------------
10436589934

SQL> select to_char(current_scn) from v$database;
TO_CHAR(CURRENT_SCN)
----------------------------------------
10437053152

9，上一步中，如果為MOUNTED，則可以開始啟動備庫的REDO應用，去從庫執行：
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
備庫執行：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL>

SQL> select name,applied from v$archived_log;
no rows selected
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive
Oldest online log sequence 0
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 0
SQL>

主庫從庫執行：
select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual
SQL> select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual;
GET_SYSTEM_CHANGE_NUMBER
------------------------
1.0436E+10

SQL>
備庫執行：
SQL> select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual;
select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00904: "DBMS_FLASHBACK"."GET_SYSTEM_CHANGE_NUMBER": invalid identifier
SQL>

總結原因，問了一些前輩：
從ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup，推測是因為使用的控制檔案是今天當前的，
而duplicate target databas執行的最新備份是凌晨3點執行的全備，所以報錯，他們建議等明天重新使用今天的控制檔案
執行duplicate target databas看看。

10，等到第二天，用前一天的控制檔案，重新執行恢復，步驟如下：
(1) 停止備庫：
shutdown abort

(2) 備庫直接copy控制檔案覆蓋：
cp /data/oracle/backup/data/ctlfile.bak /home/oradata/psdtest/control01.ctl
cp /data/oracle/backup/data/ctlfile.bak /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/psdtest/control02.ctl

(3) 啟動備庫到nomount
startup nomount

(4) 主庫登入rman，執行恢復
rlwrap rman target / auxiliary sys/passwdxxx@PD_DG
執行：
run {
allocate auxiliary channel c1 device type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel c2 device type disk;
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck dorecover;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}
.......
一切正常順利

(5) 看主庫alert日誌，有報錯資訊：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ tail -f /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pdunq/psdtest/trace/alert_psdtest.log
FAL[server, ARC4]: FAL archive failed, see trace file.
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pdunq/psdtest/trace/psdtest_arc4_3253.trc:
ORA-16055: FAL request rejected
ARCH: FAL archive failed. Archiver continuing
ORACLE Instance psdtest - Archival Error. Archiver continuing.
Fri May 23 15:54:21 2014
Error 1031 received logging on to the standby
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pdunq/psdtest/trace/psdtest_arc1_3247.trc:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
PING[ARC1]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'PD_DG'. Error is 1031.

check從庫歸檔日誌，沒有新的變化，
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive
Oldest online log sequence 8245
Next log sequence to archive 8247
Current log sequence 8247

去從庫執行日誌切換,看看主庫上新產生的告警資訊:
alter system switch logfile;

archive log list; 檢視歸檔日誌資訊
主庫日誌傳不到從庫，很大可能是網路問題或者主從密碼不一樣。
check主備庫的密碼
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
strings orapw[SID]
strings orapwpsdtest
發現主庫比從庫多了一行nt5L，所以需要統一主庫從庫的orapwpsdtest 密碼配置檔案
直接把主庫的密碼配置檔案cp過去就可以了。

然後去主庫執行：alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;執行完了再check scn
主庫：
SQL> select to_char(current_scn) from v$database;

TO_CHAR(CURRENT_SCN)
----------------------------------------
10437558617

備庫：
SQL> select to_char(current_scn) from v$database;

TO_CHAR(CURRENT_SCN)
----------------------------------------
10436589934
看到主庫備庫的SCN還是有差距的。

用select name,applied from v$archived_log; 命令檢視主庫備庫歸檔日誌是否都已經統一了，備庫上面歸檔日誌是否都已經傳過來了。

開始應用日誌
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL>

繼續查詢主庫備庫的scn，看到備庫一直在增加，就表示應用日誌已經開始起作用了：
select to_char(current_scn) from v$database;
SQL> select to_char(current_scn) from v$database;

TO_CHAR(CURRENT_SCN)
----------------------------------------
10437099045

SQL> select to_char(current_scn) from v$database;

TO_CHAR(CURRENT_SCN)
----------------------------------------
10437257415

SQL>

再繼續執行select name,applied from v$archived_log命令觀察從庫，當從庫上都是YES的時候，證明歸檔日誌全部傳過來了。
當從庫上applied全部為YES的時候，執行如下，取消應用(不取消不讓開啟資料庫)
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
然後alter database open;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.
SQL>

看看mode是：
SQL> select database_role,open_mode from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE OPEN_MODE
---------------- --------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY

如果是read only模式，那麼啟動應用就好了。
再次啟動redo
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL>
再檢視mode模式，就是READ ONLY WITH APPLY了。
SQL> select database_role,open_mode from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE OPEN_MODE
---------------- --------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPLY

SQL>
再執行 select name,applied from v$archived_log; 都是YES了。證明主庫備庫資料已經完全一致了。

11，附帶：刪除以前的舊的歸檔日誌：
先移除掉日誌：
mv /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_75* /data/oracle/backup/data/archivelog/tmp_bak_2014/
mv /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_76* /data/oracle/backup/data/archivelog/tmp_bak_2014/
mv /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_77* /data/oracle/backup/data/archivelog/tmp_bak_2014/
mv /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_78* /data/oracle/backup/data/archivelog/tmp_bak_2014/
mv /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_79* /data/oracle/backup/data/archivelog/tmp_bak_2014/
mv /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_80* /data/oracle/backup/data/archivelog/tmp_bak_2014/
mv /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_81* /data/oracle/backup/data/archivelog/tmp_bak_2014/

(1) 登入：
rlwrap rman target /
(2) 檢查：crosscheck archivelog all;
crosscheck archivelog all：驗證的是DB的歸檔日誌即log_archive_dest引數指定位置的檔案，當手工刪除了歸檔日誌以後，
Rman備份會檢測到日誌缺失，從而無法進一步繼續執行Rman備份，所以此時需要手工執行crosscheck過程，檢視所有的歸檔日
志檔案是否都是正常的然後再來執行Rman備份。
....
validation succeeded for archived log
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_8272_821708334.dbf RECID=15437 STAMP=848338357
validation succeeded for archived log
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_8273_821708334.dbf RECID=15439 STAMP=848338718
validation succeeded for archived log
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_8274_821708334.dbf RECID=15441 STAMP=848339078
validation succeeded for archived log
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_8275_821708334.dbf RECID=15443 STAMP=848339439
validation succeeded for archived log
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_8276_821708334.dbf RECID=15445 STAMP=848339802
Crosschecked 720 objects

(3) delete expired archivelog all;
這時候我們再去OEM中就看不到這些日誌檔案了，如果你的從來沒有做過這個動作的話，我們可以比較這個動作前的controlfile
和動作後的controlfile的檔案大小。
參考： http://mingyue19850801.blog.163.com/blog/static/19520820201162233314720/

(4) 主庫上面SQL模式下執行：
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_3=defer;
這個是檢查日誌的，透過檢查日誌rman能標記處已經廢棄的日誌，接下來才可以刪除被標記的日誌
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_3=defer;
System altered.
SQL>

(5) 備庫上sql模式執行;
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive
Oldest online log sequence 8276
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 8278
SQL>

多執行幾次，歸檔號碼會變化
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive
Oldest online log sequence 8276
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 8279

(6) 主庫上sql模式下執行：
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_3='';
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_3='';
System altered.
SQL>
剛才我們不是新增的dest_3的歸檔嗎，現在dest_2就可以了，不需要這個了，所以把這個置為空

(7) 主庫sql模式下切換日誌
alter system switch logfile;
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL>
然後去從庫上看日誌號碼，變成8280了。
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive
Oldest online log sequence 8277
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 8280

去從庫sql模式下檢視 select name,applied from v$archived_log;都是YES
......
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
APPLIED
---------
/data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive/1_8276_821708334.dbf
YES

/data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive/1_8277_821708334.dbf
YES

/data/oracle/oradgdata/standby_archive/1_8278_821708334.dbf
YES

33 rows selected.
主庫上是NO是正常的,因為它不需要應用日誌，日誌就是它自己產生的,只要從庫上是YES就可以了。

然後再去主庫上操作：
主庫上執行sql：
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_3=enable;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_3=enable;
System altered.

然後檢視archive引數
SQL> show parameter archive
可以看到如下資訊
...
log_archive_dest_state_1 string ENABLE
...
log_archive_dest_state_2 string ENABLE
...
log_archive_dest_state_3 string ENABLE
...

3個通道都是開啟的。OK了。
這個恢復得到網友團團的協助，在此非常感謝：
參考文章：

使用Duplicate target database命令恢復線上oracle datagard備庫

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