一步一步搭建11gR2 rac+dg之配置單例項的DG(八)
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RAC主庫配置單例項ActiveDataguard
本文文件結構：
這裡配置的過程中需要注意的一項是多看看rac1和rac2以及dg的告警日誌會對配置過程有更深刻的理解。。。配置oracle rac的dg環境說白了首先將主庫的資料恢復到從庫上，然後在主從庫上配置一些DG需要用到的引數
注意：
- 由於DG是以DB_UNIQUE_NAME作為區分資料庫標識的，因此主從庫的該引數一定要不同以做區分。但是資料庫名db_name必須一致以便主從切換時方便
- Standby庫只需要安裝資料庫軟體，不必建立資料庫
- 主從庫的資料庫軟體大版本必須一致，且必須是企業版資料庫EE
-
RAC主庫準備工作
該步驟主要是① 將rac主庫修改為歸檔+forcelogging模式 ② 利用rman備份db、archivelog、control file 、pfile 和口令檔案
-
①RAC主庫必須置為歸檔模式：
和下一步一起做
-
②RAC主庫必須置為ForceLogging模式：
alter database force logging;
alter database archivelog; ---歸檔模式下修改
SQL> alter database force logging;
Database altered.
SQL> select name , open_mode, log_mode,force_logging from gv$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE FOR
--------- -------------------- ------------ ---
RACDB READ WRITE NOARCHIVELOG YES
RACDB READ WRITE NOARCHIVELOG YES
SQL> exit
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Oct 3 15:30:17 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2232472 bytes
Variable Size 532680552 bytes
Database Buffers 247463936 bytes
Redo Buffers 2621440 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select name , open_mode, log_mode,force_logging from gv$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE FOR
--------- -------------------- ------------ ---
RACDB MOUNTED NOARCHIVELOG YES
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL> select name , open_mode, log_mode,force_logging from gv$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE FOR
--------- -------------------- ------------ ---
RACDB READ WRITE ARCHIVELOG YES
RACDB READ WRITE ARCHIVELOG YES
SQL>
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③RAC主庫執行RMAN全備：
run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate channel c3 type disk;
allocate channel c4 type disk;
backup database format '/rman_backup/FULL_%U.bak';
backup archivelog all format '/rman_backup/ARC_%U.bak';
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel c3;
release channel c4;
}
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④RAC主庫執行建立物理備庫控制檔案：
Rman下：backup device type disk format '/rman_backup/standby_%U.ctl' current controlfile for standby;
或：SQL>alter database create standby controlfile as '/dats/backup/standby.ctl'
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⑤RAC主庫建立物理備庫初始化引數檔案：
create pfile ='/rman_backup/initphydb.ora' from spfile;
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/racdb/spfileracdb.ora
SQL>
SQL> show parameter cluster_database
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cluster_database boolean TRUE
cluster_database_instances integer 2
SQL>
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⑥RAC主庫修改口令檔案，使雙節點SYS使用者口令一致：
最好是將其中一個口令檔案複製到另外一個節點上，最後複製到dg下，確保口令檔案是一樣的
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物理備庫準備工作
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①FTP主庫備份檔案+備庫控制檔案+備庫引數檔案至物理備庫伺服器：
-
將備份檔案全部傳遞到dg庫：
----rac1
scp /rman_backup/*.bak oracle@192.168.59.140:/rman_backup/
scp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwracdb1 oracle@192.168.59.140:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwphydb
-
②物理備庫建立口令檔案：
上一步已做，不需要建立了
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③物理備庫初始化引數檔案修改：
----------dg
[oracle@dg rman_backup]$ cp initphydb.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
[oracle@dg rman_backup]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
這個是比較重要的步驟，我把行號弄出來了，當然寫的時候是沒有前邊的行號的
物理備庫初始化引數檔案修改：
-
phydb.__db_cache_size=255852544
-
phydb.__java_pool_size=4194304
-
phydb.__large_pool_size=4194304
-
phydb.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE environment from set
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phydb.__pga_aggregate_target=419430400
-
phydb.__sga_target=423624704
-
phydb.__shared_io_pool_size=0
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phydb.__shared_pool_size=146800640
-
phydb.__streams_pool_size=0
-
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/phydb/adump'
-
*.audit_trail='db'
-
*.cluster_database=false
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*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
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*.control_files='+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl'
-
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/phydb/cdump'
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*.db_block_size=8192
-
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
-
*.db_domain=''
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*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/racdb/','+DATA/phydb/'
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*.db_name='racdb'
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*.db_recovery_file_dest='+FRA'
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*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
-
*.db_unique_name='phydb'
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*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
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*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)(SERVICE=phydbXDB)'
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*.fal_client='phydb'
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*.fal_server='racdb1','racdb2'
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*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(racdb,phydb)'
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*.log_archive_dest_1='location=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=phydb'
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*.log_archive_dest_2='service=racdb1 valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=racdb'
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*.log_archive_format='ARC_%t_%S_%r.arc'
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*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/racdb/','+DATA/phydb/'
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*.memory_target=842006528
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*.open_cursors=300
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*.processes=150
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*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
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*.service_names='phydb'
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*.standby_file_management='auto'
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*.thread=1
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*.undo_management='auto'
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*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
[oracle@dg dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/phydb/adump
[oracle@dg dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/phydb/cdump
[oracle@dg dbs]$
[grid@dg ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> ls
DATA/
FRA/
GRIDDG/
ASMCMD> cd DATA
ASMCMD> ls
ASMCMD> mkdir phydb
ASMCMD> ls
phydb/
ASMCMD>
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④配置RAC主庫，物理備庫的tnsnames.ora檔案：
將以下內容複製到rac1，rac2和dg庫：
racdb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.59.139)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = racdb.lhr.com)
)
)
racdb1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.59.135)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = racdb.lhr.com)
(INSTANCE_NAME = racdb1)
)
)
racdb2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.59.136)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = racdb.lhr.com)
(INSTANCE_NAME = racdb2)
)
)
phydb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.59.140)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = phydb)
)
)
驗證一下：
分別在3個庫上執行：
sqlplus sys/lhr@racdb as sysdba
sqlplus sys/lhr@racdb1 as sysdba
sqlplus sys/lhr@racdb2 as sysdba
確保3個庫可以連線
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建立物理備庫
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①物理備庫啟動NOMOUNT狀態：
-
startup nomount
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②RMAN恢復備庫控制檔案：
[oracle@dg dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Oct 3 19:06:52 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: RACDB (not mounted)
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/rman_backup/standby_0tpk53jq_1_1.ctl';
Starting restore at 2014-10-03 19:06:55
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=16 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
output file name=+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl
Finished restore at 2014-10-03 19:07:22
RMAN>
-
③MOUNT物理備庫：
SQL> alter database mount;
-
④RMAN restore物理備庫：
run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate channel c3 type disk;
allocate channel c4 type disk;
restore database ;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel c3;
release channel c4;
}
RMAN> restore database ;
Starting restore at 2014-10-03 19:13:48
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 2014-10-03 19:13:48
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=32 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 6 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 2014-10-03 19:13:49
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 2014-10-03 19:13:49
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 2014-10-03 19:13:49
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/system.256.859849357
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/users.259.859849357
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/example.264.859849549
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /rman_backup/FULL_0npk5395_1_1.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/rman_backup/FULL_0npk5395_1_1.bak tag=TAG20141003T164524
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:04:23
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.257.859849357
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.258.859849357
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.265.859849971
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /rman_backup/FULL_0opk53c4_1_1.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/rman_backup/FULL_0opk53c4_1_1.bak tag=TAG20141003T164524
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:45
Finished restore at 2014-10-03 19:20:01
RMAN>
-
⑤備庫上建立standbylogfile：
SQL> select name from v$datafile
2 union
3 select name from v$controlfile
4 union
5 select member from v$logfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.258.860008433
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.260.860008695
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.257.860008433
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.261.860008697
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.262.860008697
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.259.860008435
+DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_1.261.859849493
+DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_2.262.859849495
+DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_3.266.859850179
+DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_4.267.859850183
+FRA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.859849493
+FRA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.859849495
+FRA/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.859850181
+FRA/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.859850187
15 rows selected.
SQL>
建立standbylogfile，這裡的大小應根據主庫的v$log中的bytes列來計算：
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 size 50M ,group 6 size 50M ,group 7 size 50M ;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 8 size 50M ,group 9 size 50M ,group 10 size 50M ;
建立完成後查詢：
select * from v$standby_log;
SQL> set linesize 1200
SQL> select * from v$standby_log;
GROUP# DBID THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE USED ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE# LAST_TIME
---------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------- ------------- --------- ------------ --------- ------------ ---------
5 UNASSIGNED 1 0 52428800 512 0 NO UNASSIGNED
6 UNASSIGNED 1 0 52428800 512 0 NO UNASSIGNED
7 UNASSIGNED 1 0 52428800 512 0 YES UNASSIGNED
8 UNASSIGNED 2 0 52428800 512 0 NO UNASSIGNED
9 UNASSIGNED 2 0 52428800 512 0 NO UNASSIGNED
10 UNASSIGNED 2 0 52428800 512 0 YES UNASSIGNED
6 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> col member for a50
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_
---------- ------- ------- -------------------------------------------------- ---
2 ONLINE +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_2.270.860171617 NO
2 ONLINE +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_2.294.860171767 YES
1 ONLINE +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_1.269.860171391 NO
1 ONLINE +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_1.293.860171601 YES
3 ONLINE +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_3.271.860171811 NO
3 ONLINE +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_3.295.860171893 YES
4 ONLINE +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_4.272.860171905 NO
4 ONLINE +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_4.296.860172007 YES
5 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_5.263.860014755 NO
5 STANDBY +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_5.256.860014769 YES
6 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_6.264.860014775 NO
6 STANDBY +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_6.257.860014789 YES
7 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_7.265.860014795 NO
7 STANDBY +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_7.258.860014811 YES
8 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_8.266.860090543 NO
8 STANDBY +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_8.259.860090581 YES
9 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_9.267.860090607 NO
9 STANDBY +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_9.260.860090659 YES
10 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_10.268.860090669 NO
10 STANDBY +FRA/phydb/onlinelog/group_10.261.860090715 YES
20 rows selected.
SQL>
這裡可能會報一個錯誤：
ORA-15041: diskgroup "DATA" space exhausted
就是磁碟不足，具體大家上網搜吧，解決辦法就是新增磁碟，不詳解了：
alter diskgroup DATA add disk '/dev/raw/raw5';
-
⑥主庫引數調整：
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Oct 10 15:59:46 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/racdb/spfileracdb.ora
SQL>
--rac1
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=phydb lgwr sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=phydb' sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(racdb,phydb)' sid='*';
配置後的結果：
SQL> show parameter log_archive_dest_2
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_2 string service=phydb lgwr sync valid_
for=(online_logfiles,primary_r
ole) db_unique_name=phydb
SQL> show parameter log_archive_config
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_config string dg_config=(racdb,phydb)
SQL>
-
⑦備庫接收主庫日誌：
SQL> select sequence#,name,applied from v$archived_log;
SEQUENCE# NAME APPLIED
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
39 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_39.327.860599799 NO
40 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_40.328.860599799 NO
41 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_41.329.860599953 NO
49 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_1_seq_49.330.860600751 NO
50 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_1_seq_50.331.860600755 NO
51 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_1_seq_51.332.860600869 NO
42 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_42.333.860601127 NO
43 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_43.334.860601131 NO
44 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_44.335.860601415 NO
9 rows selected.
SQL>
這裡如果備庫無法順利接收主庫日誌，則主庫的alert日誌中有如下提示：
------------------------------------------------------------
Check that the primary and standby are using a password file
and remote_login_passwordfile is set to SHARED or EXCLUSIVE,
and that the SYS password is same in the password files.
returning error ORA-16191
------------------------------------------------------------
PING[ARC2]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'phydb'. Error is 16191.
Process J000 died, see its trace file
kkjcre1p: unable to spawn jobq slave process
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb2/trace/racdb2_cjq0_14236.trc:
Process NSS2 died, see its trace file
Process J000 died, see its trace file
kkjcre1p: unable to spawn jobq slave process
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb2/trace/racdb2_cjq0_14236.trc:
Error 443 for archive log file 3 to 'phydb'
LGWR: Failed to archive log 3 thread 2 sequence 25 (443)
Process O000 died, see its trace file
該節點的使用者口令和備庫的口令不一致，最好的辦法是生成一份口令檔案之後，然後將該口令檔案拷貝到其它節點，重新生成口令有的時候也報錯的
---- 3 個節點
orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwracdb2 password=lhr force=y
-
⑧備庫開始應用日誌：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.
過幾分鐘後：
SQL> select sequence#,name,applied from v$archived_log;
SEQUENCE# NAME APPLIED
---------- ---------------------------------------------------- ---------
39 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_39.327.860599799 YES
40 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_40.328.860599799 YES
41 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_41.329.860599953 YES
49 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_1_seq_49.330.860600751 YES
50 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_1_seq_50.331.860600755 YES
51 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_1_seq_51.332.860600869 YES
42 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_42.333.860601127 NO
43 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_43.334.860601131 NO
44 +FRA/phydb/archivelog/2014_10_10/thread_2_seq_44.335.860601415 NO
-
⑨備庫以READONLY方式開啟：
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
alter database open;
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
SQL> col name for a30
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
DBID NAME CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE FOR OPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- ------------------------------ ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
857466254 RACDB 1871595 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED
SQL>
至此，我們已經順利的給RAC主庫配置ActivePhysicalDataguard成功！
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其它附加內容
-
11g rman duplicate命令
-
注意：11g以前的版本在執行復制命令dupilicate時，必須在備庫上存在有備份檔案，即在主庫上備份完成後將檔案拷到備庫相同目錄下
但是在11g一切都變的簡單，只需要在複製命令後加上FROM ACTIVE DATABASE引數即可。
例如為實現資料庫的檔案回覆，可以執行命令：
$ rman target / auxiliary sys/herenit@racheren_standby
RMAN>duplicate target database for standby from active database;
如果原目錄下有對應檔案已經刪除，但是資料字典中存在，可以使用nofilenamecheck引數取消對檔名的檢查
RMAN>duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
恢復完成以後，檢查備庫狀態
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS$dEQ5b/C#x22494861------------ITPUB個人空間 T c:v_y!RMOUNTED
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODEITPUB個人空間FU?tN2FE5v:_wU}----------ITPUB個人空間1R_G@5k/kMOUNTED
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
SQL> select name from v$tempfile;
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建立standby redo log 日誌
DATA Guard在最大保護和最高可用性模式下，Standby資料庫必須配置 Standby Redo Log
備庫建立並配置 Standby Redo Log 是為了能夠接收到主庫傳過來的日誌，用作恢復.
主庫建立並配置 Standby Redo Log 是為了在主備切換之後，能夠接收到原備庫（切換之後的主庫）傳過來的日誌
注意：為了主備切換後能正常，主備庫都必須建立standby redo log
建立原則：建議Standby Redologs日誌組數量基於Primary資料庫的執行緒數來確定（這裡的執行緒數可以理解為RAC環境中的節點數）。
有一個推薦的公式可供參考：（每執行緒的日誌組數+1）×最大執行緒數。
使用這個公式可以降低Primary資料庫例項LGWR程式鎖住的可能性。
建立原則和單例項一樣，大小相等，但是日誌組數量要比primary資料庫多一組，比如在我的環境中，有2個節點，每個節點有4組redo，那麼現在要建立的standby redo log組數為：（4+1）*2=10個
Standby Redologs的操作方式與Online Redologs幾乎一模一樣，只不過在建立或刪除時需要多指定一個Standby關鍵字
SQL>alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 '+ORAFLASH/racheren/onlinelog/group_5.log' size 50M;
SQL>alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 6 '+ORAFLASH/racheren/onlinelog/group_6.log' size 50M;
單例項上不需要thread標識
SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 6 '/oradata/racheren/onlinelog/group_6.log' size 50M;
刪除方式：
SQL>alter database drop standby logfile grop 6
查詢方式：
SQL>select group#,thread#,sequence#,archived,status from v$standby_log;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01156: recovery or flashback in progress may need access to files
--在備庫新增standby redo log需要先停MRP
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
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測試物理備庫功能
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測試檔案同步
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檢視主備庫的表空間資訊
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select tablespace_name, file_name from dba_data_files;
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主庫建立表空間檢視備庫是否同步
create tablespace dg_tbs datafile size 5m;
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主庫刪除表空間檢視備庫是否同步
drop tablespace dg_tbs including contents and datafiles;
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測試資料同步
①主庫建立測試表：
② 備庫檢視測試表同步：
Create table tmp_test(id number);
Insert into tmp_test values(1);
Commit;
Select * from tmp_test;
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測試DATAGUARDSWITCHOVER功能
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RAC主庫、ActiveDataguard角色切換
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即rac主庫切換為物理備庫，物理備庫切換為rac主庫。
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①主庫修改相關引數fal_client、fal_server：
首先需要確保主庫採用spfile啟動，然後
Rac1上：
alter system set fal_client='rac1' sid='rac1';
Rac2上：
alter system set fal_client='rac2' sid='rac2';
alter system set fal_server='phydb' sid='*';
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②主庫建立standbylogfile：
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③主庫修改相關引數standby_file_management、db_file_name_convert 、log_filename_convert
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④停止RAC節點2：
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單例項主庫，RAC備庫角色切換
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/29337971/viewspace-1819890/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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